Module 1: "Historical Antecedents of Science and Technology"

Question 1

is(knowledge from) the careful study of the structure and behavior of the physical world, especially by watching, measuring, and doing experiments, and the development of theories to describe the results of these activities

Answer 1

Science

Question 2

(Natural Philosophers in the Ancient Time) formulate testable explanations and predictions based on their observations

Answer 2

SCIENTISTS

Question 3

_____ is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry. It is a scientific or industrial process, invention, method, or the like.

Answer 3

TECHNOLOGY

Question 4

TECHNOLOGY is from Greek from “________” _______ and -logia (study or knowledge).

Answer 4

tekhnē (art or craft)

Question 5

________ is a thing or event that existed before or logically precedes another

Answer 5

ANTECEDENT

Question 6

_______ was used not for transportation but as potter’s wheel and existed around 3500 BC.

Answer 6

Wheel

Question 7

It was originally based on two wheels which were attached with an animal like a horse using wood and ropes

Answer 7

Chariot

Question 8

The Sumerians developed the first form of writing called “________” to maintain business records.

Answer 8

cuneiform

Question 9

_________ was an ancient region located in the eastern Mediterranean bounded in the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and in the southeast by the Arabian Plateau, corresponding to today’s Iraq, mostly, but also parts of modern-day Iran, Syria and Turkey

Answer 9

Mesopotamia

Question 10

It was used to automate opening of temple doors by lighting a fire on the altar.

Answer 10

Aeolipile or steam engine

Question 11

He invented the Aeolipile or steam engine.

Answer 11

Hero of Alexandria in Egypt

Question 12

are the earliest paper-like material

Answer 12

Papyrus Sheets

Question 13

Using the power of oxen to pull the plough
revolutionized agriculture.

Answer 13

Ox-drawn Plough

Question 14

The black ink was the often used one for writing in __________

Answer 14

hieroglyphs.

Question 15

________ was very black like carbon black and could not deteriorate when been applied over the papyrus to write.

Answer 15

The ink

Question 16

The Egyptians were so advanced that had the idea of calculating time as early as the 3,500BC and they invented the _______.

Answer 16

sun clock (sundial).

Question 17

The oldest surviving sun clock was found in the __________ (year, where)

Answer 17

2013 in the Valley of the Kings.

Question 18

The ancient Egyptians believed in the afterlife, plenty gods and goddesses which made to actually start the _____________

Answer 18

process of mummification

Question 19

to preserve the human body from decaying

Answer 19

process of mummification

Question 20

This is one of the seven famous wonders of the world, representing a series of fortifications made initially of stone, earth and later of bricks.

Answer 20

Great Wall

Question 21

Originally, it was used in fortune-telling and architecture until the Chinese figured out it could be used for traveling

Answer 21

Compass

Question 22

Each of the dragons was facing _________ and had a small ball in its mouth. In the case of an earthquake, the dragon facing the closest direction would open its mouth releasing the ball into the mouth of small bronze frog underneath.

Answer 22

downwards

Question 23

________ was made from mulberry tree bark but the creator later included hemp and fishnets to strengthen it.

recent
archaeological discoveries suggest that it already existed in Ancient
China from around ________.

(Chinese period)

Answer 23

the paper

100 BC

Question 24

The first mechanical clock in Europe was created around the beginning of the _________.

Answer 24

13th century.

Question 24

____________ was invented in the Tang dynasty in the ninth century by alchemists searching for an elixir of immortality. ________ is a mixture of charcoal, saltpeter and sulfur (same answer)

Answer 24

Gunpowder

Question 25

However, the first chinese mechanical clock was created in 725 by ______, a Buddhist monk, astronomer, mathematician and mechanical engineer who lived during the Tang Dynasty (from 618 to 907).

Answer 25

Yi Xing

Question 26

Greek Natural Philosophers (5) APPPT

Answer 26

- Aristotle - Ptolemy - Plato - Pythagoras - Thales of Miletus

Question 27

The Greeks’ interest in field of science can be seen as far back as the ______, and they have often been hailed as the fathers of science, medicine, zoology, and many other areas.

Answer 27

sixth century BC

Question 28

Their findings in the areas of _______ (AGM) made them pioneers in the field of science.

Answer 28

astronomy, geography, and mathematics

Question 29

________ was a geometer, military engineer, astronomer, and logician.

Answer 29

Thales

Question 30

Thales discovered the ______ and ________ and is credited with predicting a battle-stopping eclipse thought to be on 8 May 585 B.C

Answer 30

solstice, equinox

Question 31

He invented the gnomon on the sundial (although some say it came from the Babylonians), providing a way to keep track of time.

Answer 31

Anaximander of Miletus

Question 32

Anaximander of Miletus invented the _______ on the sundial (although some say it came from the Babylonians), providing a way to keep track of time.

Answer 32

gnomon

Question 33

Anaximander of Miletus also created a _____ of the known world. He was one of the _________.

Answer 33

map first cartographers

Question 34

_________, a greek philosopher constructed his own version of an alarm clock with vessels much ahead of Ctesibius.

Answer 34

Plato

Question 35

______ decided the Earth must be a globe.

Answer 35

Aristotle (of Stagira)

Question 36

Aristotle classified animals and is the ____________

Answer 36

father of zoology.

Question 37

Ptolemy founded the ______ (system) of geocentric astronomy, which held for 1,400 years.

Answer 37

Ptolemaic System

Question 38

He drew maps with latitude and longitude and developed the science of optics

Answer 38

Ptolemy

Question 39

Timekeeping devices have emerged since the ancient world, but it was not until the Middle Ages that the technology was invented that allowed for ____________ to accurately keep track of time.

Answer 39

mechanical clocks

Question 40

While printing technology had been developed in 11th century China, it was the _________ (century, name, printer) that started a new era of the mass production of books.

Answer 40

15th century German Johannes Gutenberg

Question 41

_______, this device could be found in Western Europe the latter years of the 13th century. Its ability to correct vision problems makes it a much it one of the most useful medieval inventions and a great benefit to hundreds of millions of people today.

Answer 41

eyeglasses

Question 42

_______ may have their origin in India sometime between the 5th and 10th Century AD.

Answer 42

Spinning Wheels

Question 43

__________ replaced the earlier method of hand spinning, in which the individual fibers were drawn out of a mass of wool held on a stick, or distaff, twisted together to form a continuous strand, and then wound on a second stick.

Answer 43

The spinning wheel

Question 44

The mass disruption to medieval society caused by the plague set the progress of science and discovery back, and the knowledge would not reemerge until the Renaissance.

Answer 44

BLACK DEATH

Question 45

About 35% of the English population died due to the ________

Answer 45

BLACK DEATH

Question 46

Inventions -Siege Defenses -War Scythe -Multi-Barrel Gun -Ornithopter -Tank -Helicopter -Airplane Wing

Answer 46

Leonardo daVinci

Question 47

Inventions - Arts, Law, Medicine, Astronomy - Heliocentric Universe

Answer 47

Nicholas Copernicus

Question 48

Inventions - Physics Isochronous Motion Parabolic Motion Inertia (Newton) - Thermometer - Telescope Moon, Jupiter, Saturn, Milky Way

Answer 48

Galileo Galilei

Question 49

Inventions - Pendulum Clock John Harrison - Regulating Spiral (1675) - Theory of Light

Answer 49

Christian Huygens

Question 50

Inventions - Principia (3 books) Modern Mechanics Celestial Mechanics Laws of the Universe

Answer 50

Isaac Newton

Question 51

Inventions - Moveable Type - Latin Bible

Answer 51

Johannes Gutenburg

Question 52

__________ marked a period of development in the latter half of the 18th century that transformed largely rural, agrarian societies in Europe and America into industrialized, urban ones.

Answer 52

The Industrial Revolution

Question 53

_________ commonly referred to as the second Industrial Revolution, started sometime between 1820 and 1870.

Answer 53

The American Industrial Revolution

Question 54

________ led to inventions that included the telephone, the sewing machine, X-ray, lightbulb, and the combustible engine.

Answer 54

The Industrial Revolution

Question 55

_________ invents the first steam engine. It is not very useful yet, but the idea of using steam to make machines go will be important to the Industrial Revolution.

Answer 55

Thomas Newcomen

Question 56

_________, a British carpenter and weaver, invents the spinning jenny.

Answer 56

James Hargreaves

Question 57

James Hargreaves, a British carpenter and weaver, invents the __________.

Answer 57

spinning jenny.

Question 58

_________ creates a machine that makes it much easier to separate cotton seeds from cotton fiber.

Answer 58

Eli Whitney

Question 59

_______ invents the telegraph, which allows messages to be sent quickly over a wire.

Answer 59

Samuel Morse

Question 60

At a time when people had to make their own clothes at home or pay someone else to sew them by hand, ________ invents the sewing machine.

Answer 60

Elias Howe

Question 61

_________ invents a safety break to prevent them from falling if a cable breaks, making people feel more confident about using elevators in tall buildings.

Answer 61

Elisha Otis

Question 62

Alfred Nobel invents _______, which is a safer way to blast holes in mountains or the ground than simply lighting black powder.

Answer 62

dynamite

Question 63

________ is important in clearing paths to build things such as roads and railroad tracks.

Answer 63

dynamite

Question 64

A chemist named _________ believed that germs caused disease. he created vaccines that helped prevent many common diseases, which helped people live longer.

Answer 64

Louis Pasteur

Question 65

He may not have invented the telephone, but _____________ was the first to get a patent for it.

Answer 65

Alexander Graham Bell

Question 66

__________ created a light bulb that lasted longer than other designs and showed it off by lighting a lamp.

Answer 66

Thomas Edison

Question 67

Who discovered ● Special Theory (1905) ● General Theory ● Quantum Theory ● Big Bang Theory * Curved, Finite Space ● Atomic Bomb * Responsibility of Science

Answer 67

Albert Einstein

Question 68

What project * Oppenheimer * Fermi, Berthe, Teller * Four Sites * Project Trinity ⬗ Los Alamos ⬗ Ground Zero- Alamagordo * Fat Man & Little Boy * Treason

Answer 68

The Manhattan Project

Question 69

Who said “Invention is 1% Inspiration and 99% Perspiration”

Answer 69

Thomas A. Edison

Question 70

They made simple tools and weapons of stone flakes and later developed method of sawing and polishing stones around 40,000 B.C. what era and age

Answer 70

Pre-Colonial Era, Stone age

Question 71

_________ flourished for the next 2,000 years until they imported Chinese porcelain.

Answer 71

Pottery

Question 72

During Iron Age, Filipinos were engaged in extraction, smelting and refining of iron from ores, until the importation of cast iron from _______ and later from China.

Answer 72

Sarawak

Question 73

By the 10th century, Filipinos from the Butuan were trading with ________________ with China as noted in Chinese records containing several references to the Philippines.

Answer 73

Champa (Vietnam) and those from Ma-i (Mindoro)

Question 74

What era * The beginning of modern science and technology in the Philippines * _______ established schools, hospitals and started scientific research, greatly shaped by the role of religious orders though * University of Santo Thomas remained as the highest institution of learning

Answer 74

Spanish Era

Question 75

father of botany in the Philippines and one the first licensed pharmacist

Answer 75

Leon Ma. Guerrero

Question 76

What era ● Science and technology in the Philippines advanced rapidly during the _______ regime ● The _______ introduced a system of secularized public-school education ● Primary education was free, with English as the medium of instruction. ● It was followed by the setting up of a Philippine Normal School to train Filipino teachers. ● Secondary school were opened afterward

Answer 76

American era

Question 77

The University of the Philippines was created on _________ by Act of the Philippine Legislature.

Answer 77

18th June 1908

Question 78

In 1901, the Bureau of Government Laboratories was created and later named _________

Answer 78

Bureau of Science

Question 79

Philippine economic development was determined by ____________

Answer 79

free trade relations

Question 80

________ were invented, which allowed people to harness the energy from natural forces like rivers and wind, a process that continues to the present-day.

Answer 80

WATER AND WINDMILLS