Module 1: Language and Intelligence

Question 1

Problem solving strategy characterized by a specific set of instructions.

Answer 1

algorithm

Question 2

type of intelligence

aligned with academic problem-solving and computations

Answer 2

analytical intelligence

Question 3

faulty heuristic in which you fixate on a single aspect of a problem to find a solution

Answer 3

anchoring bias

Question 4

concept that is defined by a very specific set of characteristics

Answer 4

artificial concept

Question 5

faulty heuristic in which you make a decsion based on information readily available to you

Answer 5

availibilty heuristic

Question 6

thinking, including perception, learning, problem solving, judgement, and memory

Answer 6

cognition

Question 7

field of psychology dedicated to studying every aspect of how people think

Answer 7

cognitive psychology

Question 8

set of behaviours that are performed the same way each time, can feel like a routine

also referred to as an event schema

Answer 8

cognitive script

Question 9

category or grouping of linguistic information, objects, ideas, or life experiences

Answer 9

concept

Question 10

faulty heuristic; the tenency to focus on information that confirms your existing beliefs

Answer 10

confirmation bias

Question 11

type of thinking

providing correct or established answers to problems

Answer 11

convergent thinking

Question 12

type of intelligence

ability to produce new ideas, products, or inventing a new, novel solution to a problem

Answer 12

creative intelligence

Question 13

ability to generate, create, or discover new ideas, solutions, and possibilites.

Answer 13

creativity

Question 14

type of intelligence

characterized by acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it. when you learn, remember, and recall information, you are using this type of intelligence.

Answer 14

crystallized intelligence

Question 15

type of intelligence

ability with which people can undersatnd and relate to those in another culture

Answer 15

cultural intelligence

Question 16

applying general rules to specific observations to solve a problem

Answer 16

deductive reasoning

Question 17

type of thinking

ability to think outside the box to arrive at novel solutions to a problem

Answer 17

divergent thinking

Question 18

type of intelligence

ability to understand emotions and motivations of yourself and others

Answer 18

emotional intelligence

Question 19

set of behaviours that are perfoemed the same way each time

also referred to as a cognitive script

Answer 19

event schema

Question 20

type of intelligence

ability to see complex relationships and solve problems

Answer 20

fluid intelligence

Question 21

observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous

Answer 21

Flynn effect

Question 22

inability to see an object as useful for any other use other than the one for which it was intended

Answer 22

functional fixedness

Question 23

set of rues that are used to convey meaning through the use of a lexicon

Answer 23

grammar

Question 24

mental shorcut that saves time when solving a problem

Answer 24

heuristic

Question 25

belief that the event just experienced was predictable even though it really wasnt

Answer 25

hindsight bias

Question 26

drawing general conclusions for specific observations

Answer 26

inductive reasoning

Question 27

score on a test designed to measure intelligence

Answer 27

intelligence quotient (IQ)

Question 28

communication system that involves using words to transmit information from one indivdual to another

Answer 28

language

Question 29

the words of a given language

Answer 29

lexicon

Question 30

continually using an old solution to a problem without results

Answer 30

mental set

Question 31

smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning

Answer 31

morpheme

Question 32

Gardner's theory that each person possesses at least 8 types of intelligence

Answer 32

Multiple Intelligences Theory

Question 33

mental groupings that are created "naturally" through your experiences

Answer 33

natural concept

Question 34

administering a test to a large population so data can be collected to reference the normal scores for a population and its groups

Answer 34

norming

Question 35

extension of a rule that exists in a given language to an exception to the rule. Often seen in young children “mooses”

Answer 35

overgeneralization

Question 36

basic sound unit of a given language

Answer 36

phoneme

Question 37

# type of intelligence also referred to as "street smarts"

Answer 37

practical intelligence

Question 38

method for solving problems

Answer 38

problem-solving strategy

Question 39

best representation of a concept

Answer 39

prototype

Question 40

each persons response to the environment is unique based on his or her genetic make-up

Answer 40

range of reaction

Question 41

faulty heuristic in which you stereotype someone or something without a valid basis for your judgment

Answer 41

representative bias

Question 42

subset of the population that accurately represents the general population

Answer 42

representaative sample

Question 44

set of expectations that define the behaviours of a person occupying a particular role

Answer 44

role schema

Question 45

mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts

Answer 45

schema ## Footnote plural = schemata

Question 46

process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words

Answer 46

semantics

Question 47

measure of variability that describes the difference between a set of scores and their mean

Answer 47

standard deviation

Question 48

method of testing in which administration, scoring, and interpretation of results are consistent

Answer 48

standardization

Question 49

performance decrements that are caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotypes

Answer 49

stereotype threat

Question 50

manner by which words are organized into sentences

Answer 50

syntax

Question 51

problem-solving strategy in which multiple solutions are attempted until the correct one is found

Answer 51

trial and error

Question 52

Sternbergs theory of intelligence; 3 facets of intelligence: practical, creative, and analytical

Answer 52

triarchic theory of intelligence

Question 53

heuristic in which you begin to solve a problem by focusing on the end result

Answer 53

working backwards