Module 1 MiniModule 2: Structure and Function Flashcards
- Very common change, secondary to bacterial pyoderma, trauma (licking/itching), and any other inflammatory disease
- Clinically, this is represented by the thickening of the skin
- if severe, termed “lichenification”
This is known as?
Hyperplasia of stratum spinosum = Acanthosis*
- Clinically, this is represented by “flaking” (scaling)
- Hyperkeratosis commonly occurs concurrently with acanthosis
This is known as?
Hyperplasia of stratum corneum = Hyperkeratosis
Definition:
Intra-epidermal cavitation containing inflammatory cells (usually neutrophils)
Pustules
When pustules rupture they rapidly progress to ________
Crusts (scabs)
What is a common pustular disease?
Bacterial Pyoderma
(T/F) Pustular diseases are presumed to be infectious (e.g. bacterial) until proven otherwise
True
Disorder of the stratum spinosum:
Cleavage of desmosomes (keeping cells adhered to each other) results in loss of cell-cell adhesion
- This process is called acantholysis (acantholytic cells)
Pemphigus Complex
Disorder of the stratum spinosum:
What is the most common cutaneous immune-mediated disease?
Pemphigus foliaceus
Definition:
- Immune-mediated damage of cell-cell junction (desmosomes)
- Loss of cell-cell adhesion due to auto-antibody-mediated damage
Pemphigus foliaceus
Definition:
Immune-mediated damage to suprabasilar cell-cell junction
Pemphigus vulgaris (VERY RARE)
(T/F) Bacterial pyoderma and folliculitis are common causes of skin pustules
True
How would you clinically/diagnostically differentiate pemphigus foliaceus from bacterial dermatitis (pyoderma)?
Bacterial pyoderma: bacteria present
Pemphigus foliaceus: Acantholytic keratinocytes present within pustules and/or crusts
Disorder of melanogenesis definition:
Increased melanin synthesis
Hyperpigmentation
- Chronic irritation, infection, and/or inflammation (focal to multifocal)
- Chronic systemic endocrine disease
These are the causes of?
Hyperpigmentation
Disorder of melanogenesis definition:
- Destruction of the epidermal-melanocyte units - autoimmune, inflammatory disease, neoplasia (lymphoma)
- Cu deficiency
Hypopigmentation (or depigmentation)
- Defect in collagen production, quality, or packaging
- This abnormality leads to excessively friable or stretchable dermal collagen
This is describing?
Skin fragility syndrome
(T/F) Follicular dysplasia, follicular atrophy, and abnormal growth can all result in the clinical presentation of alopecia
True
Disorders of the follicle definition:
Abnormal formation
Follicular dysplasia
Disorders of the follicle definition:
Genetic, ischemic, trauma, inflammation
Follicular atrophy
Disorders of the follicle definition:
endocrine, nutritional, metabolic
Abnormal growth
Disorders of the follicle definition:
Inflammation of the follicle
Folliculitits
Disorders of the follicle definition:
Folliculitis leading to rupture of the follicle
Furunculosis
What is a “Key clinical question”?
Is the alopecia due to inflammation or licking, or is it “non-inflammatory”
What is the most common disorder of glands?
Neoplasms
