Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy & Physiology MB > Module 1: Organization of the Human Body > Flashcards

Module 1: Organization of the Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

science of body structures and the relationships among them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

dissection

A

careful cutting apart of body structures to study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Physiology

A

the science of body functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Embryology

A

first 8 weeks of development after fertilization of a human egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Developmental biology

A

complete development of an individual from fertilization to death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cell biology

A

Cellular structure and function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Histology

A

study of microscopic structure of tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gross anatomy

A

Structures that can be examined without a microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Systemic anatomy

A

Structure of specific systems of the body

ex. nervous, respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Regional anatomy

A

Specific regions of the body such as the head or chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Surface anatomy

A

Surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through visualization and palpation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pathological anatomy

A

Structural changes (gross to microscopic) associated with disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Neurophysiology

A

Functional properties of nerve cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Endocrinology

A

Hormones and how they control body functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cardiovascular physiology

A

Functions of the heart and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Immunology

A

The body defences against disease-causing agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Respiratory physiology

A

Functions of the air passageways and lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Renal physiology

A

Functions of the kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Exercise physiology

A

changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pathophysiology

A

Functional changes associated with disease and aging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Levels of structural organization (Small-high)

A 
Chemical
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
System
Organismal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Chemical level (simplest)

A

Interactions and combinations of atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cellular Level

A

Combinations of molecules forming cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tissue Level

A

Similar cells working together to perform a similar function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Organ Level

A

Several types of tissue that work together to perform a similar function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

System Level

A

Several organs that each have a specific function int he overall activity of a body system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Organismal Level (highest)

A

All the body systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

11 Major systems

A 
Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Lymphatic/immune
Digestive
Respiratory
Urinary
Reproductive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Integumentary System

A

Skin, accessory organs (hair, nails, sweat glands)

Regulates body temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Skeletal System

A

Bones of the skeleton and associated cartilage

Protects/supports organs, forms blood cells, stores minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Muscular System

A

Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle

Produces movement, body heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Nervous System

A

Brain, spinal cord, and associated nerves

Coordinates body actives through rapid activation of muscles and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Endocrine System

A

Ductless Grands that secrete hormones

Regulates metabolism and chemical reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Heart and blood vessels

Transport nutrients, gases

35
Q

Lymphatic/immune System

A

Lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes

Returns extracellular fluid to the blood, defends against disease

36
Q

Digestive System

A

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and accessory organs

37
Q

Respiratory System

A

Lungs and the tubes that bring air to and from the lungs

38
Q

Urinary System

A

Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra

Removes metabolic wastes, regulates fluid levels, acid-base levels

39
Q

Reproductive System

A

Testes, glands, ducts, penis (Male)

Ovaries, ducts, uterus and vagina (female)

40
Q

Homeostasis

A

In a state of equilibrium

Controlled by nervous and endocrine system

41
Q

Negative feedback

A

opposes a change in the internal environment and causes a return to normal

42
Q

Positive feedback

A

temporarily causes an increasing rate of events to occur until something stops the process

43
Q

Correct Anatomical Position

A

Body is standing
Arms at sides
Palms forward; thumbs pointing away from body
Head and feet pointed forward

44
Q

Supine position

A

Lying face up

45
Q

Prone position

A

Lying face down

46
Q

Superior

A

Above a structure; toward the head

47
Q

Inferior

A

Below a structure; away from the head

48
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

Toward the front

49
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

Toward the back

50
Q

Medial

A

Toward the middle

51
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the middle; towards the side

52
Q

Intermediate

A

Between the side and middle

53
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side of the body

54
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side of the body

55
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the origin

56
Q

Distal

A

Farthest from the orgin

57
Q

Superficial

A

Towards or at the body surface

58
Q

Deep

A

Away from the body surface

Internal

59
Q

Body Regions (2)

A

Axial

Appendicular

60
Q

Axial

A

head, neck trunk (torso)

61
Q

Appendicular

A

upper and lower limbs (arms, legs)

62
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Vertical line that separates the body into left and right parts

63
Q

Midsagittal (median) plane

A

Vertical line that separates the body into EQUAL left and right parts

64
Q

Parasagittal plane

A

Vertical line that separates the body into UNEQUAL left and right parts

65
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane

A

Vertical line that separates the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts

66
Q

Transverse (horizontal) plane

A

AKA cross sections

Horizontal line that separates the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) parts

67
Q

Oblique plane

A

Diagonal line between the horizontal and vertical planes

68
Q

Dorsal cavity

A 
Cranial cavity (brain)
Spinal cavity (spinal cord)
69
Q

Ventral Cavity

A 
Thoracic cavity (heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, large blood vessels) separated on either side of the mediastinum
Abdominopelvic cavity (Stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, small/large intestine, rectum, bladder, internal reproductive organs)
70
Q

Diaphragm

A

large muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

71
Q

Atoms

A

smallest unity of matter

72
Q

Molecules

A

two or more atoms joined together

73
Q

Metabolism

A

sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body

74
Q

Catabolism

A

the breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components

75
Q

Anabolism

A

building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components

76
Q

Basic Life processes

A

Metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction

77
Q

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

A

fluid within the cells

78
Q

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

A

fluid outside body cells, Plasma in blood, lymph, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, aqueous humour and vitreous body (eye)

79
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

ECF that fills narrow spaces between cells of tissues

80
Q

Feedback system

A

system where body is monitored

1) Receptor - monitors changes and sends input
2) Control center - sets range of values for a controlled condition and outputs
3) Effector - structure that receives output and produces a response

81
Q

Serous Membrane

A

slippery, double layered membrane associated with body cavities that do not open directly to the exterior

82
Q

Pleura

A

Serous membrane of the lungs

83
Q

Pericardium

A

Serous membrane of the pericardial cavity

84
Q

Peritoneum

A

Serous membrane over abdominal cavity

Anatomy & Physiology MB (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions