Module 1 test

Question 1

a unit of heredity passed from parent to child; DNA is involved

Answer 1

gene

Question 2

a single living thing, simplest ecological unit, single representative of a species

Answer 2

indivisual

Question 3

all of the populations that live together in a specific environment/location

Answer 3

community

Question 4

living things, can mean individual or species

Answer 4

organism

Question 5

a group of individuals that share similar genetic material and produce fertile offspring

Answer 5

species

Question 6

multiple members of one species that occupies a particular area

Answer 6

population

Question 7

a group of one or more communities that interact with the abiotic and biotic in the environment

Answer 7

ecosystem

Question 8

the change in genetic composition of a population overtime

Answer 8

evolution

Question 9

one way evolution happens

Answer 9

natural selection

Question 10

the study of organisms and how they interact with their surroundings

Answer 10

ecology

Question 11

a change that has happened that has led organisms to have desirable characteristics

Answer 11

adaptation

Question 12

possible, reasonable explanation

Answer 12

hypothesis

Question 13

scientifically/systematically eliminating possible outcomes

Answer 13

scientific thinking

Question 14

What are the steps of the scientific method?

Answer 14

observations, data, information
frame question
form hypotheses
pick 1 hypothesis and deal with one at a time
form prediction
test prediction
make conclusion

Question 15

genetic characteristics will remain constant (allele and genotype is constant)
no evolution

Answer 15

HWE

Question 16

What are the 5 assumptions of HWE

Answer 16

random mating
no migration
infinitely large population
no natural selection
no mutations

Question 17

What are the equations for HWE

Answer 17

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
p + q = 1

Question 18

How do you read a scientific paper?

Answer 18

skim the paper focusing on the figure
go to the result/discussion and skim
read paper starting with intro all the way through
read abstract
find the question and hypotheses of the paper

Question 19

What are the HWE violations

Answer 19

selective mating (sexual selection)
gene flow (migration)
genetic drift (random chance, number of individuals are less than or equal to 500)
natural selection
mutations (random chance)

Question 20

What are the three assertions of natural selection

Answer 20

variation among individuals for traits (phenotype)
heritability (some variation is due to genetics for the trait, genotype)
differential survival and reproduction at least partially due to genetic variation (fittest)

Question 21

micro-organisms that belong to the genus

Answer 21

plasmodium

Question 22

variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce

Answer 22

genetic drift

Question 23

an extreme example of genetic drift that happens when the size of a population is severely reduced

Answer 23

bottleneck effect

Question 24

the reduced genetic diversity which results when a population is descended from a small number of colonizing ancestors

Answer 24

founder effect

Question 25

evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period

Answer 25

microevolution

Question 26

major evolutionary change. The term applies mainly to the evolution of whole taxonomic groups over long periods of time

Answer 26

macroevolution

Question 27

the identification by humans of desirable traits in plants and animals, and the steps taken to enhance and perpetuate those traits in future generations

Answer 27

artificial evolution