Module 1 Vital Sign Powerpoint

Question 1

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

Answer 1

-maintains the core body temperature
-initiates responses to produce or conserve body heat
- increases heat loss to maintain a normal body temperature

Question 2

What is considered a normal body temperature range?

Answer 2

-35.9 ‘C - 38 ‘C
-96.7’F - 100.5’F

Question 3

What are the most accurate body temperature locations?

Answer 3

• Intracranial (brain)
• Intrathoracic (esophagus/heart)
• Intra-adominal (bladder)

Question 4

What are factors affecting body temperature?

Answer 4

• Circadian rhythms
  -age and biological sex
• physical activity
• State of health
  -environmental temperature

Question 5

What is the medical name and definition of a fever?

Answer 5

• Pyrexia
• an increase in above normal temperature

Question 6

Define febrile

Answer 6

• Somebody with a fever

Question 7

What are the benefits of a fever?

Answer 7

• Destruction and susceptibility of disease causing microorganisms

Question 8

What is the range for a normal temperature?

Answer 8

96.4 - 99.5

Question 9

Define pulse

Answer 9

A wave of blood being pumped into the arterial circulation by the contraction of the left ventricle
Regulated by ANS

Question 10

What is a normal pulse range?

Answer 10

60 -100 beats/min

Question 11

Tachycardia

Answer 11

• High pulse / heartbeat
• > 100

Question 12

Bradycardia

Answer 12

• Low pulse rate/heartbeat
• <60

Question 13

Define dysrhythm

Answer 13

• Irregular rhythm

Question 14

What factors affect pulse rate?

Answer 14

• Age and biological sex
• physical activity
• body temperatures/ stress
• medications
• disease

Question 15

Define pulse deficit?

Answer 15

When the heart beats faster than the palpable pulse felt at distal and apical pulses

Question 16

When is a Doppler ultrasound device used?

Answer 16

When a peripheral pulse can’t palpate

Question 17

Define respirations

Answer 17

• The movement of gases in and out of the lungs (breathing)

Question 18

What is the normal range of respirations?

Answer 18

12-20 breaths/min

Question 19

Tachypnea

Answer 19

• High amount of breathing
• > 24

Question 20

Bradypnea

Answer 20

• Low breathing rate
• <10

Question 21

Cheyne-stokes/biot’s respirations

Answer 21

• Irregular respirations

Question 22

Eupnea

Answer 22

• Normal unlabored respirations

Question 23

Hyperventilation

Answer 23

Increase in rate and depth of respirations

Question 24

Apnea

Answer 24

• Absence of breathing

Question 25

Dyspnea

Answer 25

Difficulty of breathing

Question 26

Orthopnea

Answer 26

Difficulty in breathing that occurs when supine position and is relieved upon changing to a high Fowler position

Question 27

What factors affect respiratory rate?

Answer 27

- age - exercise - acid-base balance - brain lesions - increased altitude - respiratory diseases - anemia - medications - acute pain

Question 28

Define blood pressure

Answer 28

- The force of moving blood against the arterial wall - measured in mmHg

Question 29

Define systolic pressure

Answer 29

- Numerator - The pressure exerted in the arterial wall during ventricular contraction

Question 30

Define diastolic pressure

Answer 30

- denominator - The pressure exerted in the arterial wall when the ventricle relaxes

Question 31

What does blood pressure reflect?

Answer 31

- Interrelationships between cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, blood volume, viscosity and elasticity

Question 32

What is a normal blood pressure range?

Answer 32

120/80

Question 33

Hypertension

Answer 33

- Above normal blood pressure - > 130/80

Question 34

Hypotension

Answer 34

- Below normal blood pressure - <90/60

Question 35

What are factors affecting blood pressure

Answer 35

- Age - circadian rhythm - biological sex - food intake -Exercise - weight - emotional state -Body position - drug/medications