Module 10-Digestive System Flashcards
(160 cards)
1
Q
root word meaning “lip”
A
Cheil
2
Q
root word meaning “tooth”
A
Dent
3
Q
root word meaning “gums”
A
Gingiv
4
Q
lips
A
Labia
5
Q
opening into the mouth
A
Os, ora
6
Q
inside of the cheek
A
Bucca
7
Q
mouth. This is also a general term for a mouth-like opening
A
Stoma
8
Q
root word meaning “tongue”
A
Lingua, glossa
9
Q
suffix denoting the sense of taste
A
-geusia
10
Q
root word meaning “salivary gland”
A
Sial
11
Q
root word meaning “abdominal cavity”
A
Celiac
12
Q
root word meaning “belly button”
A
Omphal-
13
Q
root word meaning “bile”
A
Chole
14
Q
common term meaning “bile”
A
Gall
15
Q
rootword meaning “gallbladder”
A
Cholecyst
16
Q
root word meaning “liver”
A
Hepat
17
Q
root word meaning “portal vein”
A
Pyle
18
Q
root word meaning “rectum”
A
Proct
19
Q
combining form of uvula
A
Staphyl
20
Q
referred to as “milk teeth” and “baby teeth”. The teeth that normally fall out and are replaced by permanent teeth
A
Deciduous teeth
21
Q
artificial replacements of one or several teeth or of all the teeth of either or both jaws
A
Dentures
22
Q
condition in which there is a lack of teeth; commonly referred to as a toothless
A
Edentulous
23
Q
any of the 32 teeth that replaces 20 deciduous teeth`
A
Permanent teeth
24
Q
common term for the third molars, the last teeth of the upper and lower jaw
A
Wisdom teeth
25
act of taking in food
Ingestion
26
act of chewing
Mastication
27
act of swallowing or passing food down the throat
Deglutition
28
progressive waves of contraction around the walls of the digestive organs that move contents through the digestive tract
Peristalsis
29
action in which the end products of digestion are taken away or sucked up from the digestive system into the lymphatic system and bloodstream
Absorption
30
act of removing waste matter of the intestines from the body
Defacation
31
action resulting from peristalsis of the large intestine
Bowel movement
32
act of eliminating waste from the body
Excretion
33
release or blowing of accumulated air from the intestine
Flatus
34
inflammation
-itis
35
severe inflammation of the gums in which the tissue in the mouth is destroyed, resulting in sores
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
36
inflammation of the lips
Cheilitis
37
inflammation of the gums
Gingivitis
38
inflammation of the gums, and mucous membranes of the mouth
Gingivostomatitis
39
inflammation of the gums around a tooth resulting in a crownlike covering of the tissue over the tooth
Pericoronitis
40
inflammation of the mouth
Stomatitis
41
inflammation of the stomach
Gastritis
42
inflammation of the appendix
Appendicitis
43
inflammation of the colon
Colitis
44
inflammation of the intestine and colon that results in death of involving tissues
Necrotizing enterocolitis
45
inflammation of the anus and/or rectum
Proctitis
46
inflammation in a defined part of the intestines. Also known as Chron’s disease
Regional enteritis
47
inflammation of the colon characterized by sores in the colon
Ulcerative colitis
48
inflammation of the gall bladder
Cholecystitis
49
inflammation of the liver
Hepatitis
50
inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity
Peritonitis
51
loss of sense of taste
Ageusia
52
distortion of the sense of taste
Dysgeusia
53
sense of taste on only half of the tongue
Hemigeusia
54
bad taste in the mouth
Parageusia
55
condition in which the tongue appears bent; commonly referred to “tounge-tied”
Ankyloglossia
56
round, white sore of the mouth in which the tissue is destroyed
Canker sores
57
abnormal condition of the teeth as a result of decay of the surfaces
Caries
58
condition in which there is a division of the palate; commonly referred to as “harelip”
Cleft palate
59
sensation in which a person feels a globelike mass in the throat; commonly referred to as a “lump in the throat”
Globus sensation
60
condition in which there is a burning sensation on the tongue, caused by inflammation or hot, spicy food
Glossopyrosis
61
appearance of white patches on the tongue
Lingualis leukoplakia
62
condition in which the teeth of the upper jaw do not close in alignment with the teeth of the lower jaw
Malocclusion
63
disease of tissue around the teeth
Periodontal disease
64
flow of pus from the gums
Pyorrhea
65
condition in which there are stones in the salivary glands
Sialolithiasis
66
inability of the circular muscle around the esophagus to relax and thereby not allowing food to pass into the stomach
Achalasia
67
swallowing of air into the stomach
Aerophagia
68
condition in which there is difficulty in digestion
Dyspepsia
69
condition in which there is difficulty in swallowing
Dysphagia
70
action in which the contents of the stomach are vomited out
Emesis
71
belching out of air from the stomach; commonly referred to as “burping”
Eructation
72
condition in which there is an enlargement of the esophagus because of a lack of peristalsis in the esophagus
Esophageal aperistalsis megaesophagus
73
Esophageal aperistalsis megaesophagus commonly termed as
achalasia
74
vomiting of blood
Hematemesis
75
condition in which the acid content is higher than normal
Hyperacidity
76
condition in which there is an inability to digest food
Indigestion
77
condition in which there is an involuntary impulse to vomit food
Nausea
78
Nausea commonly referred to as
seasickness
79
bulging through the ring of muscle of the esophagus, resulting in a bulging of the stomach through the diaphragm and into the chest cavity
Paraesophageal hernia
80
Paraesophageal hernia commonly termed as
hiatal hernia
81
erosion in the lining of the stomach or duodenum that may be caused by the action of the digestive enzyme pepsin
Peptic ulcer
82
rushing back from the stomach to the mouth of food or fluid recently swallowed
Regurgitate
83
act of ejecting the contents of the stomach
Vomit
84
condition of the bowels in which the contents are packed with fecal matter because there has been no movement of the bowel
Constipation
85
condition in which the intestinal contents flow rapidly through the digestive system before digestion is complete
Diarrhea
86
condition in which a small tubular projection turns or grows out from the inside surface of the intestinal tract
Diverticulosis
87
sore in the duodenum
Duodenal ulcer
88
difficulty in passing the contens of the bowel
Dyschezia
89
Dyschezia another term for
constipation
90
condition in which there is difficulty in the intestines
Dysentery
91
inability to hold fecal content, resulting in involuntary passing of feces
Fecal incontinence
92
veins near the anus that have become dilated and full of blood; the condition is like a flow of blood; commonly referred to as “piles”
Hemorrhoids
93
condition caused by a parasitic infestation by worms
Helminthiasis
94
condition in which the bulging part of an organ into an abnormal place is trapped and cannot return to its normal location
Incarcerated hernia
95
Incarcerated hernia commonly referred to as
strangulated hernia
96
condition in which the lymph vessels in the lining of the intestine become enlarged
Intestinal lymphangiectasis
97
condition in which one part of the intestine slips into another part of the intestine, resulting in telescope-like condition not within one part of the intestine
Intussuception
98
condition in which the ileum is paralyzed; there is lack of peristalsis in the ileum
Parlytic ileus
99
itching of the area around anus
Pruritus ani
100
condition in which undigested fat flows through the digestive system
Steatorrhea
101
twisting of the intestine resulting in an obstruction of flow of contents through the intestine
Volvulus
102
condition in which there is a lack of normal connection of the bile ducts
Biliary atresia
103
malignant tumor of the lining of the ducts of the biliary system
Cholangiocarcinoma
104
condition in which there are stones in the bile duct
Choledocholithiasis
105
condition in which there are stones in the gall bladder
Cholelithiasis
106
condition in which the liver takes on a dark yellowish color
Cirrhosis
107
noncancerous tumor of the cells of the liver
Hepatocellular adenoma
108
condition in which the skin takes on a yellow color caused by an excessive amount of bile in the blood; commonly referred to as yellow jaundice
Icterus
109
tumor in the pancreas that produces an oversupply of insulin
Insulinoma
110
condition in which there is a higher than normal pressure in the circulation to the liver
Portal hypertension
111
fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity resulting in a bag- like appearance of the abdomen
Ascites
112
chronic disease marked by distention of the abdomen
Celiac disease
113
bursting apart of the abdominal wall, usually at the site of an incision
Dehiscence
114
situation in which the organs are spilled out; usually occurs after a surgical procedure in which the surgical wound does not remain closed
Evisceration
115
protrusion of a part of the intestine in the groin area
Inguinal hernia
116
swelling of the area around the naval
Omphalocele
117
condition in which muscles of the abdomen are so weakened that the abdomen hangs down in folds
Pendulous abdomen
118
growth in the abdominal cavity in the back of the peritoneum
Retroperitoneal tumor
119
bulging of intestines through a muscle weakness in the area of the umbilicus
Umbilical hernia
120
surgical puncture
-centesis
121
puncture into the abdominal cavity
Abdominocentesis
122
surgical repair; molding or shaping
-plasty
123
surgical repair done in the anal region
Analplasty
124
Analplasty also termed as
anoplasty
125
repair of a defect in the lip
Cheiloplasty
126
removal; excision, cutting out
-ectomy
127
removal of the appendix
Appendectomy
128
removal of the gallbladder
Cholecystectomy
129
removal of the colon;
Colectomy
130
removal of one half of the colon
hemicolectomy
131
removal of the esophagus
Esophagectomy
132
removal of stomach
Gastrectomy
133
removal of gums
Gingivectomy
134
removal of tongue
Glossectomy
135
removal of pancreas
Pancreatectomy
136
removal of the parotid gland
Parotidectomy
137
removal of polyps anywhere in the digestive tract
Polypectomy
138
making an opening
-ostomy
139
procedure in which an opening is made into the colon for the evacuation of bowel contents
Colostomy
140
procedure to make an opening into the stomach, usually for the purpose of inserting a tube for feeding
Gastrostomy
141
procedure in which an opening is made into the ileum for the purposes of evacuation of digestive contents
Ileostomy
142
procedure in which there is an opening made in the jejunum, into which the pancreatic duct is placed
Pancreaticojejunostomy
143
looking at, examining
-scopy
144
passing of a viewing instrument for visualization of the esophagus
Esophagoscopy
145
passing of a viewing device into the anal and rectal region
Proctoscopy
146
passing of a viewing instrument into the sigmoid colon
Sigmoidoscopy
147
cutting into
-otomy
148
procedure in which a viewing device is passed inside the body through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum until it reaches the ampulla, when a larger opening is being cut into the ampulla to remove stones or allow for the drainage of bile
Endoscopic papillotomy
149
cutting into the abdomen, usually for the purpose of exploring the abdominal cavity for disease
Exploratory laparotomy
150
surgical procedure in which the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon are cut out or resected, and the opening at the end of the descending colon is brought up to the abdominal wall, where a colostomy is created
Abdominal perineal resection
151
procedure of inserting a long balloon into the esophagus to plug it
Balloon tamponade
152
process of removing all of the intestines
Exenteration
153
removal of teeth
Exodontia
154
act of pulling out teeth
Extraction
155
procedure to wash the inside of the stomach, usually done to remove toxic substances that have been swallowed
Gastric lavage
156
closure by suturing, repair
-rrhaphy
157
repair of a hernia by suturing
Herniorraphy
158
procedure in which a small segment of the ileum is made into a tube to which a ureter from the kidneys is attached
Ileal conduit
159
procedure on the intestines in which two open ends of different parts of the intestine are sewn together again
Intestinal anastomosis
160
branch of dentistry that is concerned with making the teeth straight
Orthodontia
