Module 4-Prefixes Flashcards
(347 cards)
1
Q
consists of one or more letters, preceding the
root word.
A
Prefix
2
Q
Prefix modify a medical term by indicating a
structure’s or a condition’s:
A
- Absence
- Location
- Number or quantity
- State
3
Q
up, back again
A
ana-
4
Q
building up
A
anabolism
5
Q
before
A
ante-
6
Q
before delivery
A
antepartum
7
Q
down, through
A
cata-, kata-
8
Q
breaking down
A
catabolism
9
Q
beginning, origin
A
gen-
10
Q
origin
A
genesis
11
Q
beyond, over, between, change, or next to
A
meta-
12
Q
next to the wrist
A
metacarpal
13
Q
night
A
noct(i)-
14
Q
occuring in the night
A
nocturnal
15
Q
night
A
nyct(o)-
16
Q
pain during the night
A
nyctalgia
17
Q
after
A
post-
18
Q
after birth
A
postpartum
19
Q
before
A
pre-
20
Q
before birth
A
prenatal
21
Q
prim-
A
first
22
Q
primary
A
first in order
23
Q
prot(o)-
A
first
24
Q
protype
A
original or first form
25
sym-, syn-
together, union
26
synergetic
working together
27
telo-
end
28
telophase
end phase of mitosis
29
ter(t)-
third
30
tertiary
third in order
31
acro-
extremity, tip
32
acrocyanosis
bluish color of hands and feet
33
anti-
against
34
antidote
action against a potion
35
apo-
separation or derivation from
36
aponia
separation of the mind, confusion
37
circum-
around
38
circumoral
around the mouth
39
contra-
opposite, against
40
contralateral
opposite side
41
dorso-, dorsi-
back
42
dorsiflexion
bending back
43
ecto-
outside, misplaced
44
ectopic
outside the intended place
45
endo-
within
46
endocardial
within the heart
47
epi-
on, over, upon
48
epigastric
over the stomach
49
eso-
within
50
esoteric
hidden within
51
extra-
outside of, in addition to, beyond
52
extracorporeal
outside the body
53
fore-
before, in front
54
forebrain
front part of brain
55
hyper-
above, excessive, beyond
56
hyperactive
excessive activity
57
hypo-
below, under
58
hypodermic
under the skin
59
infra-
below
60
infracostal
below the ribs
61
inter-
between parts
62
intercellular
between the cells
63
intra-
within the part
64
intracellular
within the cell
65
juxtra-
near
66
juxtaspinal
near the spine
67
medi-
middle
68
medial
near the midline
69
meso-
middle
70
mesoderm
middle layer of skin
71
ob-
against, in the way, oppose
72
obstruction
something in the way of normal flow
73
para-
beyond, beside
74
paraspinal
beside the spine
75
peri-
around
76
perinatal
around the time of birth
77
pro-
for, in front of, before
78
prodromal
symptom that comes before
79
schizo-, schisto-
split, divided
80
schizonychia
splitting nails
81
sub-
beneath
82
subcostal
beneath the ribs
83
super-
excessive, above
84
superciliary
hairs above the eyes
85
supra-
above, over
86
suprapubic
above the pubic bone
87
tele-
distant, far
88
telangiectasia
dilatation of distant capillaries such as in the nose
89
trans-
across, through, over, beyond
90
transabdominal
through the abdominal wall
91
ultra-
excessive, extreme
92
ultrasonic
sound waves at the extreme edge of the audio frequency range
93
a-, an-
without, absent
94
anemia
absence of blood
95
allo-
another, different form
96
allomorphic
assuming a different form
97
ambly-
dull
98
amblyopia
dull vision
99
andro-
male
100
androgen
male sex hormone
101
angi(o)-
vessel, duct, usually a blood vessel
102
angiospasm
contraction of a blood vessel
103
atel-
imperfect
104
atelectasis
imperfect expansion of lungs
105
auto-
self
106
autogenesis
starting with oneself
107
bacter-
bacteria
108
bacteroid
resembling a bacteria
109
bi(o)-
life
110
biochemistry
chemistry of living matter
111
brady-
slow
112
bradycardia
slow heart rate
113
cac(o)-
bad, ill
114
cacogeusia
bad taste
115
co-, com-, con-
with, together
116
congenital
born with
117
cry(o)-
cold
118
cryosurgery
destruction of tissue by application of cold
119
crypt(o)-
hidden
120
cryptorchidism
undescended hidden testicle
121
dys-
difficult
122
dysmenorrhea
difficult menses
123
eu-
good, normal
124
euthanasia
good death
125
glycol-, gluco-
sugar, sweet
126
glycolysis
breakdown of sugar
127
gyn-, gyneco
female
128
gynecology
study of the female
129
haplo-
single, simple
130
haploderma
simple skin inflammation
131
hetero-
other, different
132
heterosexual
other sex
133
homeo
unchanged
134
homeostasis
state of equilibrium
135
homo-
same
136
homosexual
same sex
137
hydra-, hydro-
water
138
hydrocele
watery hernia
139
idio-
peculiar to the individual, distinct
140
idiopathic
disease with no known cause arising in an individual
141
iso-
equal, same
142
isopia
equal vision in both eyes
143
mal-
bad
144
malabsorption
impaired absorption
145
neo-
new, strange
146
neonatal
newborn
147
non-
not
148
noninfectious
not able to spread
149
norm(o)-
normal
150
normovolemia
normal blood volume
151
ortho-
straight
152
orthodontia
procedure to straighten teeth
153
oxy-
sharp, acute, rapid
154
oxytocia
rapid labor
155
paleo-
old
156
paleopathology
study of ancient diseases
157
path(o)-
disease, suffering
158
pathogenic
capable of producing diseases
159
phage(o)-
eat, consume
160
phagocyte
cell that can consume other substances
161
poikilo-
varied
162
poikilocyte
irregularly shaped blood cell
163
pseudo-
false
164
pseudocyst
false cyst
165
sclera-
hard
166
sclerosis
hardening of tissue
167
stereo-
solid, firmly established, three dimensional
168
stereotype
firmly established attitude
169
tachy-
fast
170
tachycardia
fast heart rate
171
terato-
malformed, monster
172
teratoid
resembling a monster
173
therap-
treatment
174
therapeutic
having a healing effect
175
thermo-
heat, warmth
176
thermometer
a device used to measure heat
177
toxic-
poison
178
toxicosis
disease caused by a poison
179
trachy-
rough
180
trachyphonia
rough voice
181
xero-
dry
182
xerocheilia
dry lips
183
thousands
milli-
184
millenium
1000 years
185
century
100 years
186
ten
dec-, deca-
187
deipara
a woman with ten offsprings
188
one
mono-, uni-
189
unilateral, monocular
on one side seeing in only one eye
190
two
bi-
191
bifurcate
split in two directions
192
three
tri-
193
triplets
three babies
194
four
quadri-, tetra-
195
quadriplegia
paralyzed in all four extremities
196
five
quint-
197
quintuplets
five babies
198
six
sex-, ses-, hexa-
199
sextuplets
six babies
200
seven
septa-, hepta-
201
septuplets
seven babies
202
eight
octa-, octi-, octo-
203
octigravida
eight pregnancies
204
nine
nona-, noni-, nonu-
205
nonipara
a woman with nine offsprings
206
ankylo-
crooked, bent
207
ankylosing
bent spine
208
apex
point
209
apex of the heart
the pointed, lower end of the heart
210
calyx, calix
cup shape
211
calyx
cup-shaped area, especially of the kidney
212
conus
cone shape
213
medulla conus
the cone-shaped area at the lower end of the spinal cord
214
eury-
broad, flat
215
eurycephalic
flat head
216
ortho-
straight
217
orthodontia
straightening of the teeth
218
pachy-
thick
219
pachyotia
thick ears
220
platy-
flat
221
platycephalic
flat head
222
plico-
fold
223
fundoplication
procedure in which the stomach is folded
224
steno-
narrow, contracted
225
arterial stenosis
narrowing of the arteries
226
alba-
white
227
albino
appearing white
228
chloro-
green
229
chloroplast
green body found in cells
230
chromo-
color
231
chromocyte
colored cell
232
cirrh-
yellow
233
cirrhosis
yellowing of the liver
234
cyano-
blue
235
cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin
236
erythro-
red
237
erythropoiesis
formation of red blood cells
238
leuko-
white
239
leukocyte
white blood cell
240
lute-
yellow
241
luteinizing hormone
hormone causing yellow areas in the ovary
242
melano-
black
243
melanoma
black mole
244
nigro-
black
245
substantia nigra
black area in the brain
246
rube-
red
247
rubor
redness of skin
248
xantho-
yellow
249
xanthoma
yellow spot
250
ab-
away from
251
abduct
move away from
252
ad-
to, toward
253
adduct
move toward
254
clin(o)-
slope
255
clinocephaly
sloping or flatness of the top of the head
256
de-
to do the opposite, off of, to remove entirely, away, not, down
257
decapitate
to remove the head
258
dextro-
right
259
dextrogastria
stomach on the right side of the body
260
dia-
apart, separate
261
diastasis
a separation of joined parts
262
e-
out
263
enucleate
remove the eye
264
ex-
away from, out completely
265
exhale
breathe out
266
in-, im-
in, inside, within, not
267
immerse, injection
dip into, force into
268
ir-
against, into,toward
269
irradiate
emit rays into
270
levo-
left
271
levoduction
movement to the left
272
opisth-
backward
273
opisthognathism
lower jaw is pushed backward
274
pro-, proso
forward, anterior, first, in front of
275
proptosis
forward bulging of the eyes
276
re-
back, again
277
reflex
bend back
278
retro-
behind, backward
279
retrograde
going backward
280
sinistr(o)-
left
281
sinistrocular
stronger vision in the left eye
282
a-, an-
none
283
anuria
no urine
284
anis(o)-
unequal
285
anisognathic
upper and lower jaw are different sizes
286
brachy-
short
287
brachycephalic
short head
288
brevi-
short, slow
289
brevicollis
shortness of the neck
290
lepto-
small, slender, soft
291
leptophonia
soft voice
292
macro-, mega-
large
293
macrorhinia
large nose
294
micro-
small
295
microtia
small ears
296
mio-
less, smaller
297
miosis
pupil size is smaller
298
olig(o)-
little, small, scanty, deficient
299
oliguria
small amount of urine
300
per-
excessive, through, by means
301
per-
excessive, through, by means of
302
ambi-, amphi-
both
303
ambidextrous
using both hands
304
bi-
two
305
bifurcation
two branches
306
centi-
100
307
centimeter
1/100 meter
308
deca-
10
309
decaliter
10 liters
310
deci-
1/10th
311
deciliter
1/10 liter
312
demi-
half
313
demibrain
half a bath (sitz bath)
314
di-, dis-
two, twice, doubly
315
dioxide
two oxygen molecules
316
diplo-
double
317
diplopia
double vision
318
hemi-
half
319
hemiplegia
half-paralyzed state
320
holo-
whole, all
321
holography
all three-dimensions in a picture
322
milli-
1000
323
millimeter
1/1000 meter
324
mono-
one
325
mononuclear
one nucleus
326
multi-
many
327
multigravia
many pregnancies
328
null(i)-
no, none
329
nullipara
woman who has not borne children
330
pan-
all
331
panphobia
fear of all things
332
pleo-
many, more
333
pleomorphic
having many shapes
334
plur(i)-
many, more
335
pluriglandular
many glands
336
poly-
many
337
polycystic
many cysts
338
quadr(i)-
four
339
quadriplegia
having four extremities paralyzed
340
semi-
half
341
semicircular
half circle
342
tetra-
four
343
tetradactyly
having only four toes
344
tri-
three
345
triplets
three offspring at one birth
346
uni-
one
347
unilateral
one side
