Module 14

Question 1

Botany

Answer 1

The study of plants

Question 2

Perennial plants:

Answer 2

Plants that grow year after year.

Question 3

Annual plants:

Answer 3

Plants that live for only one year.

Question 4

Biennial plants:

Answer 4

Plants that live for 2 years.

Question 5

Vegetative organs:

Answer 5

The parts of a plant (Such as stems, roots, and leaves) That are not involved in reproduction.

Question 6

Reproductive plant organs:

Answer 6

The parts of a plant (such as flowers, fruits, and seeds) involved in reproduction.

Question 7

Undifferentiated cells:

Answer 7

Cells that have not specialized in any particular function

Question 8

Xylem:

Answer 8

Nonliving vascular tissue that carries water dissolved minerals from the roots of a plant to its leaves.

Question 9

Phloem:

Answer 9

Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant.

Question 10

Leaf mosaic:

Answer 10

The arrangement of leaves on the stem of a plant.

Question 11

Leaf margin:

Answer 11

The characteristics of the leaf edge.

Question 12

Deciduous plant:

Answer 12

A plant that looses its leaves for winter.

Question 13

Girdling:

Answer 13

The process of cutting away a ring of inner and outer bark all the way around a tree trunk.

Question 14

Alternation of generations:

Answer 14

A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form and a multicellular haploid form.

Question 15

Dominant generation:

Answer 15

In alteration of generations, the generation that occupies the largest portion of the life cycle

Question 16

Pollen:

Answer 16

A fine dust that contains the sperm of seed-producing plants.

Question 17

Cotyledon:

Answer 17

A “seed leaf’ which develops as a part of the seed. It provides nutrients to the developing seedling and eventually becomes the first leaf of the plant.

Question 18

If a portion of a plant is producing new cells, what type of plant tissue will be in that region?

Answer 18

Meristematic tissue.

Question 19

What do we call the structure that attaches the blade of the leaf to the stem?

Answer 19

The petiole

Question 20

What are the 3 different leaf mosaics?

Answer 20

Whorled. Opposite. Alternate.

Question 21

What are the 10 common leaf shapes?

Answer 21

Linear (about the same width from top to bottom) Elliptical ( longer length than width w/ tapered ends) Oval (egg shaped) Deltoid (triangular) Cordate (heart)
Orbicular (circular) Lobed (deep indentations in leaf)
Cleft (sharp indentations in leaf) Needlelike (pine trees)
scalelike (leaves that are like scales)

Question 22

What are the 5 common leaf Margins?

Answer 22

Entire (smooth) Serrate (tiny teeth) Dentate (larger teeth pointed up) crenate (rounded large teeth) Undulate (wavy edge)

Question 23

What are the 3 leaf venations?

Answer 23

Parallel, Pinnate, and Palmate.

Question 24

What is the functions of:

a. palisade mesophyll
b. spongy mesophyll
c. epidermis
d. xylem
e. phloem
f. chollenchyma

Answer 24

a. photosynthesis
b. photosynthesis
c. protection
d. it transports water and minerals
e. it transports food and organic substances
f. support

Question 25

What controls the opening and closing of the stomata on a leaf>

Answer 25

Guard cells

Question 26

Why is the bottom of a leaf typically a lighter shade of green than the top of the leaf?

Answer 26

the spongy mesophyll is on the bottom of the leaf and its chlorophyll is less tightly packed.

Question 27

Name 2 types of pigments that cause leaves to be a color other than green.

Answer 27

Carotenoids and anthocyanin

Question 28

If a tree has no abscission layer, will it be deciduous?

Answer 28

No

Question 29

Where is the abscission layer?

Answer 29

between the stem and petiole.

Question 30

Name the 4 regions of a root. Which region contains undifferentiated cells?

Answer 30

Root cap, meristematic region, elongation region, and maturation region.

Question 31

Which type of plant dicot or monocot has a monkey face vascular chamber?

Answer 31

monocots

Question 32

What allows woody stems to have no limits to their growth, unlike herbaceous stems?

Answer 32

the cork cambium that always produces more bark.

Question 33

What is the function of vascular cambium?

Answer 33

it produces new vascular veins

Question 34

If a stem has cork cambium, is it woody or herbaceous?

Answer 34

woody

Question 35

What kind of vascular tissue makes up most of the wood in a woody stem? What kind of vascular tissue is found in the inner bark of a woody stem?

Answer 35

Outside- xylem inside- phloem.

Question 36

What is the dominant generation in the moss life cycle? Is it haploid or diploid?

Answer 36

It is the gametophyte generation. It is haploid.

Question 37

A fern has antheridia and archegonia. Which part of the fern life cycle is it in> Is this the dominant generation?

Answer 37

the gametophyte generation. No

Question 38

What are plants from phylum Bryophyta relatively small?

Answer 38

because the don't have vascular tissue which makes it hard to transport nutrients long distances.

Question 39

If a 15-foot-tall plant has a root system that goes four feet deep is it a fibrous or taproot system?

Answer 39

Fibrous system

Question 40

What are the male and female reproductive organs in a tree form phylum coniferophyte?

Answer 40

Female-seed cones Male-pollen cones

Question 41

What is the fundamental difference between monocots and dicots?

Answer 41

The number of cotyledons produced in a seed

Question 42

Name another difference between monocots and dicots.

Answer 42

The ventilation in monocots is parallel | The ventilation in dicots id pinnate or palmate

Question 43

A plant produces seed cones and pollen cones. Is it vascular? To what phylum does it belong?

Answer 43

yes coniferophyte

Question 44

A plant produces flowers. To what phylum does it belong?

Answer 44

Anthophyta

Question 45

Why is the bark of a tree often cracked?

Answer 45

It is cracked because the stem grows and breaks the bark when it gets too big.