Module 1Ac - Proteins Flashcards
(11 cards)
1
Q
(1)
What are the monomers of proteins?
A
AMINO ACIDS
2
Q
(3)
What’s the common structure of an amino acid?
A
- A CENTRAL carbon atom bonded to…
- a CARBOXYLIC GROUP
- an amino group (-NH2)
- a hydrogen atom
- and a R group
3
Q
(3)
What are amino acids?
A
- A monomer for making proteins
- each amino acid have the same basic structure
- but with DIFFERENT R GROUPS
4
Q
(3)
What factors enable amino acids to be unique in order to have different R groups?
A
- SIZE
- POLARITY
- CHARGE
(these factors give amino acids different properties)
5
Q
(1)
What’s the primary structure of proteins?
A
SEQUENCE OF AMINO ACIDS
6
Q
(1)
How many NATURALLY OCCURING amino acids are there?
A
20
7
Q
(2)
What’s the primary structure of proteins?
A
- The changing structure of a polypeptide
- due to the chain being able to curl.
8
Q
(2)
What two shapes can polypeptides fold into?
A
- Alpha helix
- Beta pleated sheets
9
Q
(4)
Explain how the polarity of atoms in two amino acids result in a weak hydrogen bond.
A
- The -C=O group and -NH group are close to each other when bonded together.
- The O from the -C=O group has a delta minus polarity
- whilst the H from the -NH group has a delta plus polarity.
- They attract and form a WEAK HYDROGEN BOND.
10
Q
(3)
Explain how in alpha helixes the structure of amino acids are held.
A
- Polypeptide chain coils
- with MULTIPLE weak hydrogen bonds
- making the overall polypeptide to be strong and keeps the coil stable.
11
Q
(3)
Explain how in beta pleated sheets the structure of amino acids are held.
A
- Chain forms a zig-zag
- and folds
- by being held by MULTIPLE hydrogen bonds
