Module 2

Question 1

a watery, typically yellowish fluid stored in the bladder and discharged through the urethra.

Answer 1

urine

Question 2

Identification of insoluble solutes in urine

Answer 2

microscopIc examination

Question 3

Discovery of albuminuria by boiling urine

Answer 3

FREDERIK DEKKERS

Question 4

Published a book revealing how charlatans were able to predict the patient’s health without medical credentials.

Answer 4

THOMAS BRYANT

Question 5

His method of quantifying microscopic sediment

Answer 5

THOMAS ADDIS

Question 6

He introduced the concept of urinalysis as part of the doctor’s routine patient examination in 1827.

Answer 6

RICHARD BRIGHT

Question 7

1694
Taste testing and Ant testing was used to test sugar before.

Answer 7

FREDERIK DEKKERS

Question 8

Presence of Albumin

Answer 8

White
Cloud-like flocculates

Question 9

Urine is composed of

Answer 9

95% water and 5% solutes.

Question 10

Major organic component of urine

Answer 10

UREA

Question 11

Product of nucleic acid breakdown

Answer 11

URIC ACID

Question 12

Raises specific gravity by hydrometer
Precipitates amorphous phosphates and urates

Answer 12

Refrigeration at 2-8 OC

Question 13

Good preservative for sediments but precipitates proteins and acts as reducing agents

Answer 13

FORMALIN

Question 14

Preserves ketones, proteins and reducing substances

Answer 14

TOLUENE

Question 15

Preserves glucose and sediments well
Interfere with acid precipitation tests for protein, but it does not interfere with reagent strip test for protein.

Answer 15

THYMOL

Question 16

Used for inhibiting bacterial growth
Inhibit bacterial growth

Answer 16

CHLOROFORM

Question 17

Preserves sediments but interferes with pH readings

Answer 17

BORIC ACID

Question 18

May precipitate crystals when used in large amounts

Answer 18

BORIC ACID

Question 19

Specimen stability for transport 72 hours
If not protected from light will yield erroneous BILIRUBIN & UROBILINOGEN results

Answer 19

CHLORHEXIDINE

Question 20

For drug analysis

Answer 20

SODIUM FLUORIDE

Question 21

Does not interfere with routine test
Causes an odor change
Use 1 drop per ounce/ml of specimen

Answer 21

PHENOL

Question 22

Urine is collected by passing through a hollow tube inserted through the urethra into the bladder

Answer 22

CATHETERIZED SPECIMEN

Question 23

Introduction of needle through the abdomen into the bladder

Answer 23

SUPRAPUBIC ASPIRATIOM

Question 24

Used to determine prostatic infections

Answer 24

THREE GLASS COLLECTION

Question 25

Clean plastic bags with hypoallergenic skin adhesive

Answer 25

PEDIATRIC SPECIMEN

Question 26

Most convenient but prone to erroneous results Most common specimen submitted and examine in the laboratory

Answer 26

RANDOM SPECIMEN

Question 27

Ideal for routine urinalysis because it is more acidic and concentrated

Answer 27

First morning Midstream Clean Catch Specimen

Question 28

Used in measuring exact amount of a urine chemical

Answer 28

24-Hour Urine Specimen or Timed Specimen

Question 29

Sample taken after eating

Answer 29

2-3 Hours Postprandial Specimen

Question 30

Used if patient is having difficulty in voiding

Answer 30

CATHETERIZATION

Question 31

For routine urinalysis, ___ recommended volume for analysis

Answer 31

10-15 ml

Question 32

Following collection, specimens should be delivered to the laboratory promptly and tested within ___

Answer 32

1-2 hrs.

Question 33

What happens in unpreserved urine?

Answer 33

LOW clarity, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, formed elements

Question 34

No visible particulates, transparent

Answer 34

CLEAR

Question 35

few particulates, print easily seen through urine

Answer 35

HAZY

Question 36

many particulates, print blurred through urine

Answer 36

CLOUDY

Question 37

may precipitate or be clotted

Answer 37

MILKY

Question 38

is the chemical primarily responsible for the yellow color of urine.

Answer 38

UROCHROME

Question 39

concentrated specimen, dehydration

Answer 39

DARK YELLOW

Question 40

oxidation of bilirubin to biliverdin

Answer 40

YELLOW-GREEN

Question 41

Intact RBCs, hemoglobin, myoglobin, porphyrins, beets, menstrual contamination

Answer 41

PINK OR RED

Question 42

methemoglobin, homogentisic acid, melanin, argyrol methyldopa, levodopa,metronidazole

Answer 42

BROWN/BLACK

Question 43

Pseudomonas infection, amitriptyline, methocarbamol, clorets, indican, methylene bluemetabolism

Answer 43

GREEN, BLUE-GREEN

Question 44

presence or Porphyrin (in porphyria)

Answer 44

PORT WINE

Question 45

normal pink colored pigment, most evident in specimens that have been refrigerated, resulting in the precipitation of amorphous urates.

Answer 45

UROERYTHRIN

Question 46

oxidation product of the normal urinary constituent urobilinogen, imparts an orange-brown color to urine that is fresh.

Answer 46

UROBILIN

Question 47

The range for a 24-hour urine specimen is___

Answer 47

1.015-1.025.

Question 48

The resulting product called glomerular filtrate has a specific gravity of ___.

Answer 48

1.010

Question 49

The SG of urine is 1.010 Indicates poor tubular reabsorption

Answer 49

ISOSTHENURIA

Question 50

The SG of urine is below 1.010

Answer 50

HYPOSTHENURIA

Question 51

Specific Gravity can be measure using:

Answer 51

Urinometer Refractometer Harmonic oscillation densitometry Urine reagent strips

Question 52

Consist of a weighted float attached to a scale that has been calibrated in terms of urine specific gravity

Answer 52

URINOMETER

Question 53

CALIBRATION TEMP. OF URINOMETER

Answer 53

20C

Question 54

Protein

Answer 54

subtract 0.003 for every g/dL

Question 55

Glucose

Answer 55

subtract 0.004for every g/dL

Question 56

Determine the concentration of dissolved particles in a specimen. It does this by measuring the refractive index.

Answer 56

REFRACTOMETRY

Question 57

REFRACTOMETER REFRACTIVE INDEX

Answer 57

15 C TO 30C

Question 58

Cessation of urine flow

Answer 58

ANURIA

Question 59

Rotten fish/Galunggong

Answer 59

Trimethylaminuria

Question 60

Sweaty feet

Answer 60

Isovaleric acidemia

Question 61

Mousy

Answer 61

Phenylketonuria

Question 62

Cabbage

Answer 62

Methionine malabsorption

Question 63

Bleach

Answer 63

CONTAMINATION

Question 64

Sulfur

Answer 64

Cystine disorder

Question 65

Ranci

Answer 65

Tyrosinemia

Question 66

Mercaptan

Answer 66

asparagus, garlic, and eggs

Question 67

Fecaloid

Answer 67

Recto-vesicular fistula