MODULE 2

Question 1

an English mathemaJcian and natural historian, was also an excellent microscopist

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Question 2

What is the first book devoted to microscopic observations?
Who is the author?

Answer 2

micrographia (1665)
Robert Hooke

Question 3

In Robert Hooke’s book Micrographia , he illustrated the fruiting structure of ____ and this was first known description of microorganism

Answer 3

molds

Question 4

In 1. _____, van Leeuwenhoek, who was well aware of the work of Hooke, used extremely 2. _______ of his own construction to examine the microbial content of 3. _____.

Answer 4

1. 1684
2. simple microscope
3. natural substances

Question 5

the first person to see bacteria in ____

Answer 5

1. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
2. 1676

Question 6

What kind of microscope did Antoni van Leeuwenhoek use?

Answer 6

brass microscope

Question 7

Ferdinand Cohn was born in

Answer 7

Breslau

Question 8

Ferdinand Cohn was trained as ____ and became an excellent microscopist

Answer 8

botanist

Question 9

Studied unicellular algae and bacteria parJcularly interested in heat resistance in bacteria

Answer 9

Ferdinand Cohn

Question 10

Ferdinand Cohn discovered

Answer 10

endospores

Question 11

laidthegroundworkforasystemofbacterial classificaJon, including an early aXempt to define a bacterial species, an issue sJll unresolved today, and founded a major scienJfic journal of plant and microbial biology.

Answer 11

Ferdinand Cohn

Question 12

is an obsolete body of thought on the ordinary formaJon of living organisms without descent from similar organisms.

Answer 12

Spontaneous Generation or anomalous generation

Question 13

Techniques that prevent contaminaJon by
unwanted microorganisms

Answer 13

aseptic technique

Question 14

microbial life can be destroyed by

Answer 14

heat

Question 15

was the first to grow bacteria on solid culture media.

Answer 15

Robert Koch

Question 16

is a polysaccharide derived from red algae

Answer 16

agar

Question 17

associate of Koch, first to use agar in bacterial culture, actual suggestion from his wife Fannie

Answer 17

Walter Hesse

Question 18

the development of the transparent double-sided dishes that bear his name as modificaJon to Koch’s flat plate technique, the Petri dishes.

Answer 18

Richard Petri

Question 19

Formulated Enrichment culture technique

Answer 19

Martinus Beijerinck

Question 20

In ____, microorganismsare isolated from natural samples using highly selecJve techniques of adjusJng nutrient and incubaJon condiJons to favor a parJcular metabolic group of organisms.

Answer 20

enrichment culture

Question 21

Enrichment culture isolated the aerobic nitrogen fixing bacterium ______ from soil

Answer 21

azotobacter

Question 22

Proposed chemolithotrophy

Answer 22

Sergei Winogradsky

Question 23

the oxidaJon of inorganic compounds to yield energy

Answer 23

chemolithotrophy

Question 24

Winogradsky thus revealed that, like phototrophic organisms, chemolithotrophic bacteria were _____

Answer 24

autotrophs

Question 25

Sergei Winogradsky was the first to isolate nitrogen-fixing bacterium, anaerobe

Answer 25

Clostridium pasterianum

Question 26

symbol of the medical profession.

Answer 26

Rod of Asclepius

Question 27

the study of protozoa and parasitic worms

Answer 27

parasitology

Question 28

What worm was removed from the subQ of the patient and was believed to be the inspiration of the medical symbol

Answer 28

Dracunculus medinensis

Question 29

Koch studied _____, a disease of cattle and occasionally of humans

Answer 29

anthrax

Question 30

Anthrax is caused by an endospore forming bacterium called

Answer 30

Bacillus anthracis