Module 2 ✌️

Question 1

What is meant by salt?

Answer 1

When H+ in an acid is replaced by a metal ion

Question 2

Base?

Answer 2

Accepts H+

Question 3

Acid?

Answer 3

H+ donor

Question 4

Isotopes?

Answer 4

Atoms of the same element with the same no. Of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons

Question 5

Relative isotopic mass?

Answer 5

-relative isotopic mass is the mass of a isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom carbon 12

Question 6

Relative atomic mass?

Answer 6

Relative atomic mass is the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon 12

Question 7

Why isotopes have the same chemical properties?

Answer 7

Same no. Of electrons

Question 8

How could information about isotopes be determined experimentally?

Answer 8

Mass spectrometry

Question 9

Why xenon has a lower first ionisation energy than neon?

Answer 9

• has more shells
• so more shielding
• nuclear attraction on outer e- decreases

Question 10

Why NH4Cl cannot conduct in solid but can when dissolved in water?

Answer 10

• ions cannot move in a solid

- ions can move when in a solution

Question 11

First ionisation energy?

Answer 11

First ionisation energy is the energy required to remove 1 e-from each atom in 1 mole of gaseous atoms

Question 12

Why 2nd IE of oxygen is greater then first IE?

Answer 12

The outer e- in an O+ ion is closer to the nucleus than in an O atom so experiences a greater nuclear attraction

Question 13

D orbital?

Answer 13

2

Question 14

P sub shell?

Answer 14

6

Question 15

How info provides evidence for 2 e- shells in oxygen?

Answer 15

-large difference between 6th and 7th IEs snowing that an e- has been removed from an inner shell

Question 16

Why 2nd IE of Ca and Sr are greater than their 1st IE?

Answer 16

Same no. Of protons attracting fewer e- so greater nuclear attraction on outer e-

Question 17

Why 1st IE show general increase across period 2?

Answer 17

• increasing no of protons
• e- added to the same shell so same shielding
• so greater nuclear attraction on outer e-

Question 18

Why 1st IE of B is less than that of Be?

Answer 18

• in B, an e- is being removed from a higher energy level

- an s e-is lost from Be and a p e- is lost in B

Question 19

Why classified as p block element

Answer 19

-outer e- in p orbital

Question 20

Explain trend in reactivity of group 2 elements with water?

Answer 20

• reactivity increases down the group
• this is because there are more shells
• thus more shielding
• nuclear attraction on outer e- decreases
• so easier to remove the outer e-

Question 21

Empirical formula?

Answer 21

Simplest whole no ratio of atoms

Question 22

Mole?

Answer 22

Amount of substance that has the same no of particles as there are atoms in 12g of 12C

Question 23

Common use of NaClO?

Answer 23

Bleach

Question 24

Difference between covalent bond and dative covalent bond?

Answer 24

-in a dative covalent bond, the e- pair is donated from one atom