Module 2: Pharmacognosy Flashcards by JANE DAISIREE RANCAP

Saponin glycosides are known for the following characteristics, EXEPT

A. Contains only the steroidal type of aglycone
B. Hemolysis of the red blood cells
C. Irritating to the mucous membrane
D. They have bitter, acid taste
E. They are insoluble in water

Contains only the steroidal type of aglycone

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The main compound responsible for the bitterness of lupulin which is used in the manufacture of beer.

A. Humulone
B. Lupulone
C. Xanthohumol
D. Both A & B
E. Both B & C

Both A & B

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Kamala, a dull reddish brown powder with characteristic globular glands and unicellular curved trichomes, contain this phlorglucinol derivative with anthelmintic property.

A. Berberine
B. Emetine
C. Quinine
D. Plumbagin
E. Rottlerin

Rottlerin

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The type of plant which has an additional carbon fixation system characterized by synthesizing oxaloacetic acid in the presence of light thereby reducing photorespiration and water loss.

A. C3 plants
B. C4 plants
C. CAM
D. All
E. None

C4 plants

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Alginic acid which is used as a gastroprotectant is derived from marine plants which belong to this specific family.

A. Bacillariophyceae
B. Fucaceae
C. Gelidiaceae
D. Gracilariaceae
E. Gigartinaceae

Fucaceae

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A tricarboxylic acid which is commercially prepared from lemons and pineapples by fermentation of sucrose.

A. Citric acid
B. Lactic acid
C. Malic acid
D. Oxalic acid
E. Tartaric acid

Citric acid

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The following crude drugs have cremocarp type of fruit and belongs to family Apiaceae EXCEPT

A. Anise
B. Buchu
C. Caraway
D. Fennel
E. Celery

Buchu

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In opium poppy, the amount of this alkaloid in the capsules is high when the latex is harvested after flowering.

A. Codeine
B. Morphine
C. Noscapine
D. Papaverine
E. Thebaine

Morphine

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An 8-carbon sugar which was isolated from crushed Persea americana pulp and Sedum is __?

A. D-glycero- D-lactooctulose
B. D-glycero- L-lactooctulose
C. D-glycero- D-octulose
D. D-glycero- D-manno-octulose
E. D-glycero- D-gluco-octulose

D-glycero-D-manno-octulose

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The following cardiacglycosides have a steroidal type of aglycone EXCEPT

A. Adonitoxin
B. Cymarin
C. Digoxin
D. Hellebrin
E. Strophanthoside

Hellebrin

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Alkaloids often occur in plants in association with a characteristic acid; this is the specific acid in which opium alkaloids are commonly associated

A. Cinchotannic acid
B. Meconic acid
C. Quinic acid
D. Shikimic acid
E. Tartaric acid

Meconic acid

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The tropic acid fragment of tropane alkaloids like hyoscine and hyoscyamine is derived from this specific amino acid.

A. Alanine
B. Glycine
C. Phenylalanine
D. Proline
E. Tyrosine

Phenylalanine

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This is the basic unit moiety of cocaine alkaloids

A. Cinnamylcocaine
B. Egconine
C. Truxillic acid
D. All
E. None

Egconine

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The following alkaloids are classified under heterocyclic alkaloids EXCEPT

A. Arecoline
B. Cocaine
C. Colchicine
D. Lobeline
E. Quinine

Colchicine

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The following active principles isolated from plants exhibit haemolytic property EXCEPT

A. Arbutin
B. Glycyrrhizin
C. Senegin
D. A-solanin
E. Tomatin

Arbutin

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Saponin glycoside with pentacyclic triterpenoidal aglycone is commonly isolated in dicotyledonous plants. What type of saponin will have this type of aglycone?

A. Acid saponin
B. Basic saponin
C. Neutral saponin
D. All
E. None

Acid saponin

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A purified mixture of saccharides which contain not less than 93% dextrose and is prepared by controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch is called__?

A. Dextrose
B. Dextran
C. Dextrates
D. Liquid glucose
E. None

Dextrates

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Compound benzoin tincture is commonly used as topical protectant and is composed of the following substances EXCEPT

A. Aloe
B. Benzoin
C. Peru balsam
D. Storax
E. Tolu balsam

Peru balsam

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This specific compound is removed by distillation under reduced pressure from the volatile oils like lemon and orange to avoid deterioration and development of terebinthinate odor.

A. Acetate
B. Bromide
C. Chloride
D. Oxide
E. Terpene

Terpene

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A C-10 compound which serves as precursor of terpenes and is formed by condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethyallyl pyrophosphate.

A. Farnesyl pyrophosphate
B. Geranyl pyrophosphate
C. Neryl pyrophosphate
D. Methyl pyrophosphate
E. None

Geranyl pyrophosphate

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The main source of Manila copal, a resin which is commonly used for varnish.

A. Agathis alba
B. Agathis australis
C. Garcinia hanburii
D. Pinus palustris
E. Pistacia lentiscus

Agathis alba

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The following active principle are used as diuretics by promoting dilation of the renal medullary blood vessel EXCEPT

A. Bearberry
B. Coffee
C. Horsetail
D. Hydrastis
E. Tea

Hydrastis

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Salicin which is regarded as the natural forerunner of aspirin and was isolated from willow bark is classified as _____ glycoside

A. Alcohol
B. Lactone
C. Phenolic
D. A and B
E. A and C

A and C

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The largest group among the naturally occurring phenolic compounds

A. Anthocyanins
B. Anthraquinone
C. Coumarin
D. Flavonoids
E. Tannins

Flavonoids

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Pectin, a polysaccharide which occurs in the middle lamellae of cell wall and abundant in the inner portion of rind of citrus fruits is composed of repeating units of ____. A. D-galacturonic acid B. D-guluronic acid C. D-mannuronic acid D. D-glycosamine E. D-glucoronic acid

D-galacturonic acid

The following statements are true about saponin glycosides EXCEPT A. Saponins have high molecular weight and a high polarity and difficult to isolate. B. Aqueous solution of saponin produces froth. C. Saponins cause hemolysis of the RBC when injected intravenously and is toxic when taken orally. D. The steroidal saponins are more widely distributed in nature than the pentacyclic triterpenoidal type. E. None

The steroidal saponins are more widely distributed in nature than the pentacyclic triterpenoidal type.

The specific saponin glycoside derived from yam which serve as precursor for the manufacture of corticosteroid, oral contraceptives and sex hormones. A. Hecogenin B. Smilagenin C. Diosgenin D. Sarsapogenin E. Parillin

Diosgenin

What type of ginseng is produced after the root was exposed to steam followed by artificial drying and sun drying? A. Yelllow ginseng B. White ginseng C. Red ginseng D. Orange ginseng E. None

Red ginseng

The dried unpeeled or peeled root and stolons of licorice is classified under what type of glycoside? A. Alcohol B. Saponin C. Sweet D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

Which of the following compounds is not a cyanogenic glycoside ? A. Linamarin B. Amygdalin C. Mannihotoxin D. Arbutin E. Phaseolunatin

Arbutin

Which of the following anthraquinone derivatives is an isomer of anthrone? A. Oxanthrone B. Anthranol C. Dianthrone D. Aloin E. Anthracene

Anthranol

Which of the following statement is incorrect about anthraquinone glycosides? A. The dihydroxy and trihydroxyphenolic derivatives of anthraquinone have purgative property. B. Anthraquinone derivates are usually orange red compounds. C. The laxative action of the anthraquinone is restricted to the small intestine. D. They are soluble in hot water or dilute alcohol. E. None

The laxative action of the anthraquinone is restricted to the small intestine.

Aloe vera gel is usually used for the treatment of the following EXCEPT A. Burns B. Abrasions and skin irritation C. Inflammation D. Diarrhea E. Alopecia

Diarrhea

The specific reaction which involves the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid A. Acetate mevalonate pathway B. Embden-Meyerhof pathway C. Shikimic acid pathway D. Tricarboxylic acid pathway E. None

Embden-Meyerhof pathway

This substance contains lactose and inorganic salts and is considered as by product of cheese production A. Buttermilk B. Butter C. Condensed milk D. Whey E. Yogurt

Whey

This is the specific gum combined with frangula in the preparation of Movicol® A. Acacia B. Karaya C. Ghatti D. Tragacanth E. Sodium alginate

Karaya

The following statements about anthraquinone glycosides are true, EXCEPT A. Their aglycones are related to the anthracene structure B. They are usually used as cathartic agents C. The aglycone portion exhibit greater activity in the absence of the glycone D. Upon hydrolysis, the aglycone portion consists odf a di-,tri, or tetrahydroxyanthraquinone or modifications of these compounds E. None

The aglycone portion exhibit greater activity in the absence of the glycone

The specific enzyme which acts on the non-reducing ends of polysaccharide and produce pure maltose as product when the substrate is amylose. A. A amylase B. B amylase C. Dextrinase D. Glucosidase E. None

B amylase

The % concentration of hetastarch solution which is used as plasma expander. A. 4% B. 6% C. 8% D. 10% E. None

The polysaccharide which is used in culture media as a fermentative identifying agent for certain bacteria and for evaluation of renal functions. A. Agar B. Cellulose C. Dextran D. Inulin E. Starch

Inulin

This specific enzyme found in Leuconostoc mesenteroides is used to convert sucrose to dextran. A. Dextran amylase B. Dextrinase C. Dextran glucosidase D. Dextran sucrase E. None

Dextran sucrase

One of the chief constituents of tragacanth which is more water soluble and is known as demethylated bassorin A. Arabic acid B. Bassorin C. Mannuronic acid D. Sulfate ester content E. Tragacanthin

Tragacanthin

One of the primary constituents of Benne oil which is contained in the unsaponifiable fraction of oil and is an effective synergist for pyrethrum insecticides. A. Pyrethin B. Sesamol C. Sesamolin D. Stigmasnterol E. Triricinolein

Sesamolin

The reaction involved in the conversion of liquid oils to semisolid fats which are used as cooking fats and shortening. A. Dehydrogenation B. Hydrogenation C. Oxidation D. Esterification E. Saponification

Hydrogenation

The following is not a flavonoid glycoside? A. Hyperoside B. Quercetin C. Rutin D. Salicin E. Vitexin

Salicin

The product is formed by the action of nitric acid and alcohol on turpentine oil after distillation with aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. A. Rectified Turpentine oil B. Terpin hydrate C. Terpinol D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

The prostaglandin which is used for palliative therapy of neonates with patent ductus arteriosus and congenital heart defects due to its vasodilating property. A. Alprostadil B. Carboprost C. Dinoprost D. Dinoprostone E. None

Alprostadil

A substance obtain from Glycine soja which is used to control damaged of lipid and cholesterol metabolism A. Lecithin B. Soybean oil C. Soybean cake D. Soybean meal E. None

Lecithin

What is the flour sifted from decorticated, ground seed of Glycine soja amd is used for the detection of urea nitrogen in blood serum? A. Lecithin B. Soybean oil C. Soybean cake D. Soybean meal E. None

Soybean meal

What are these polyunsaturated octadecanoic acids which are essential for human nutrition and are referred to as Vitamin F? A. Oleic acid B. Linoleic acid C. Linolenic acid D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

Glyceryl triacetate exhibits antifungal activity through the gradual release of this particular acid on skin in non-irritating concentration? A. Acetic acid B. Formic acid C. Salicylic acid D. Undecylenic acid E. None of these

Acetic acid

Which of the following is not a plant wax? A. Bayberry wax B. Carnauba wax C. Jojoba oil D. Lac wax E. None of these

None of these

Which of the following statements are true about volatile oils EXCEPT A. They have high refractive index and mostly are optically active B. They are usually colorless but on long standing they may oxidize and become rancid C. They occur in specialized secretory structures D. The chemical constituents of volatile oils are derived from either terpene or aromatic compounds E. None

They are usually colorless but on long standing they may oxidize and become rancid

What type of distillation is employed if the fresh plant drugs are used and maceration of the plant is unnecessary? A. Water distillation B. Water and steam ditillation C. Direct steam distillation D. Destructive distillation E. None

Direct steam disstilation

Cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid are the principal phenylpropanoid compounds found in volatile oils which are derived from which of the following aromatic amino acids? A. Phenylalanine B. Tyrosine C. Proline D. A and B E. B and C

A and B

Which among the following is an acyclic monoterpine hydrocarbon? A. Cymene B. Limonene C. Myrcene D. Pinene E. Sabinene

Myrcene

Which of the following is not true about menthol? A. Natural menthol can rotate the polarized light to the left B. It is prepared from Japanese peppermint oil by refrigeration C. It is used as topical antipruritic agent D. It has stimulant effect on the heart E. None

It has stimulant effect on the heart

Which of the following principles is not derived from Eucalyptus? A. Cineole B. Cajuputol C. Eucalyptol D. Eugenol E. None

Eugenol

Methyl salicylate can be isolated from the following oils EXCEPT A. Betula oil B. Clove oil C. Gaultheria oil D. Sweet birch oil E. Wintergreen oil

Clove oil

Which of the following is not a source of an oleoresin? A. Capsicum B. Copaifera C. Ginger D. Pine E. Podophyllum

Podophyllum

The most accurate way of identifying crude drugs A. Organoleptic evaluation B. Microscopic C. Chemical methods D. DNA barcoding E. All

DNA barcoding

A science dealing with the study of classification, identification, cultivation and protection of crude drugs and production of effevtive element at molecular level A. Botany B. Molecular Pharmacognosy C. Pharmacognosy D. Systemic Botany E. Taxonomy

Molecular Pharmacognosy

The study objects of Molecular Pharmacognosy are limited to A. Animal sources B. Herbal drugs C. Mineral drugs D. A and B E. All

A and B

The genetically modified organisms are used as ____ to produce exogenous gene encoding goods and are referred as “new generation pharmaceutical factories” A. Bioreactors B. Catalysts C. Reactants D. Substrates E. None

Bioreactors

The study of the correlations among genetic relationships, chemical components and efficacies of medicinal plants. A. Plant taxonomy B. Phylogenetics C. Pharmaphylogeny D. Phytochemistry E. Pharmacognosy

Pharmaphylogeny

An extremely complicated process from genes to biological phenotypes which serve as the core of study of secondary metabolites. A. Aerobic respiration B. Biosynthetic pathway C. Glycolysis D. Photosynthesis E. None

Biosynthetic pathway

In 1815, CA Seydler, a German who was referred to as the Father of Pharmacognosy used the word “Pharmakognosie” in his book titled ______. A. De Materia Medica B. The Historia C. Analectica Pharmacognostica D. Lehrbuch der Materia Medica E. None

Analectica Pharmacognostica

Adulteration of crude drugs is due to the following, EXCEPT A. Erroneous adulteration caused by sharing of similar features or absence of distinguishable characters B. Intentional substitution of high value material by inexpensive substances C. Misuse caused by sharing of similar common names. D. Identification of crude drugs through morphological histological features, chemical methods and DNA sequencing E. Historical use of local substitutes

Identification of crude drugs through morphological histological features, chemical methods and DNA sequencing

Chemical composition of crude drugs varies with a number of factors like A. Growing stage B. Harvest time C. Locality D. Storage condition E. All

All

T-DNA is transferred into a plant tissue to induce hairy roots or crown gall formation which is mediated by this specific bacterium A. Agrobacterium B. Bacillus C. Clostridium D. Staphylococcus E. Streptococcus

Agrobacterium

A natural vector for gene transfer in A. rhizogenes which is used in transgenic organ transformation system by specifically inducing hairy root production A. Ri plasmid B. T-DNA C. Ti-plasmid D. Vir region E. None

Ri plasmid

The main biosynthetic pathway which produces the secondary metabolites like alkaloid A. Acetate malonate B. Cinnamic acid C. Mevalonate D. Amino acid E. None

Amino acid

73. No question.

filler lang pu itu nalilito me sa numbering kasi baka magkagulo 😭

The acetate malonate pathway is responsible for the synthesis of the following compounds EXCEPT A. Anthraquinone B. Alkaloids C. Fatty acids D. Phenolic compounds E. None

Alkaloids

Terpenoids are generally produced yhrough this specific pathway A. Acetate malonate B. Cinnamic acid C. Mevalonate D. Amino acid E. All

Mevalonate

The most important intermediate product in the biosynthesic pathway of terpenoid A. Geranyl pyrophosphate B. Farnesyl pyrophosphate C. Isopentanyl pyrophosphate D. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate E. None

Isopentanyl pyrophosphate

The following compounds are produced through the cinnamic acid pathway EXCEPT A. Coumarins B. Lignins C. Flavonoids D. Phenylpropanoids E. Terpenoids

Terpenoids

The following herbal drugs obtained from the plants characterized with alternate leaves, cymose flowers and capsule or berry type of fruits are classified under family Solanaceae, EXCEPT A. Belladonna B. Datura C. Hyoscyamus D. Poppy E. Stramonium

Poppy

The cannabinol content of Cannabis sativa is high at this stage of development A. In old, matured plants B. During shoot production C. Young plant D. A and B E. B and C

In old, matured plants

When the opium poppy is harvested before flowering, the latex will contain more of this constituent A. Codeine B. Morphine C. Narcotine D. Heroin E. All

Codeine

The cyclic form of levulose when it is present in oligosaccharide or polysaccharises A. Fructofuranose B. Fructopyranose C. Glucofuranose D. Glucopyranose E. None

Fructofuranose

The 8-carbon sugar which was isolated from crushed avocado pulp and from rock garden plant, Sedum is known as A. D-gluco-octulose B. D-glycero-D-manno-octulose C. D-glycero-D-levulose D. All E. None

D-glycero-D-manno-octulose

A nonreducing sugar commonly found in fungi A. Lactose B. Galactose C. Sucrose D. Trehalose E. None

Trehalose

The following seed gums are known as bulk forming laxatives EXCEPT A. Guar gum B. Locust bean gum C. Plantago D. All E. None

None

Xanthan gum, a microbial gum prepared by the action of Xanthomonas campestris is known for its _______ property which enables its use in toothpaste and ointment production A. Dilatants B. Plastic C. Pseudoplastic D. Shear thickening E. None

Pseudoplastic

In photosynthesis, what type of reaction is responsible for the fixing or reducing of carbon dioxide into sugar? A. Dark reactions B. Light reactions C. Both D. none

Dark reactions

The following sugar alcohol are products of reductivemetabolism of sugar EXCEPT A. Dulcitol B. Glucitol C. Mannitol D. Propranol E. Sorbitol

Propranol

The primary sugar which is obtained by hydrolysis of inulin A. Fructose B. Galactose C. Glucose D. Mannose E. Sucrose

Fructose

In cheese production, the liquid by product which is formed after the addition of renin and the separation from the coagulum A. Butter B. Buttermilk C. Cheese D. Malted milk E. Whey

Whey

Lactulose is converted to the following acids after the action of intestinal bacteria A. Acetic acid B. Gluconic acid C. Lactic acid D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

The following are correct about nonhydrolyzable tannins EXCEPT A. Derived from condensation of 2 or more flavan 3-ols like catechin B. Derived from condensation of 2 or more flavan 3,4-diols like leucocyanidin C. When treated with hydrolytic agents they fprm phlobaphenes D. They readily hydrolyzed to yield phenolic acids and sugar E. Form green colored solution with FeCl3

They readily hydrolyzed to yield phenolic acids and sugar

Pharmacologic activities of lactone glycosides are the following EXCEPT A. Anticoagulation B. Antispasmodic C. Aphrodisiac D. Cardiotonic E. Repigmentation

Cardiotonic

The principal products of hydrolysis of salicin A. D-glucose and salicyl alcohol B. D-glucose and saligenin C. D-glucose and salicylic acid D. A and B E. B and C

A and B

The following substances are homopolysaccharide EXCEPT A. Glycogen B. Inulin C. Cellulose D. Gum E. Starch

Gum

The specific acid are produced after the hydrolysis of triricinolein by lipases which exert cathartic effect A. Linoleic acid B. Oleic acid C. Palmitic acid D. Ricinoleic acid E. Undecylenic acid

Ricinoleic acid

A fixed oil from the seed of Carthamus tinctorius which is used as antilipemic agent in conjunction with an adequate dietary adjustment A. Almond oil B. Persic oil C. Safflower oil D. Sesame oil E. Sunflower oil

Safflower oil

The only liquid plant wax expressed from seeds of Simmondsia chinensis A. Carnauba wax B. Bees wax C. Jojoba D. Spermaceti E. None

Jojoba

The volatile oil of this crude drug is obtained by expression A. Cinnamon B. Clove C. Peppermint D. Orange E. Spearmint

Orange

The dehydration and decarboxylation product of prepehenic acid which leads to the formation of phenylalanine A. P-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid B. O-methylphenylpyruvic acid C. Phenylpyruvic acid D. Pyruvic acid E. Pyruvate

Phenylpyruvic acid

The following crude drugs are classified under cardiac glycoside EXCEPT A. Adonis B. Convallaria C. Dogbane D. Green hellebore E. Squill

Green hellebore

Which of the following hexoses yield fructose upon hydrolysis A. Cellulose B. Inulin C. Gum D. Glycogen E. Starch

Inulin

This compound is produced after hydrolysis -of salicin which was isolated from willow bark A. Aspirin B. Saligenin C. Salicylic acid D. B and C E. None

Saligenin

The following crude drugs are used for their laxative or cathartic effect EXCEPT A. Cascara sagrada B. Castor oil C. Datura D. Senna E. Tamarind

Datura

The α-1,4 glycosidic bond is found in the following carbohydrates EXCEPT A. Amylose B. Amylopectin C. Maltose D. Glycogen E. Trehalose

Trehalose

A complex mixture of Ca, Mg and K salts of Arabic acid is known as ____ A. Arabic acid B. Arabin C. Arabinose D. Gum arabic E. Karaya

Arabin

Which of the following anthraquinone derivatives is an isomer of anthrone? A. Aloin B. Anthranol C. Dianthrone D. Oxanthrone E. Aloin

Anthranol

A psychotomimetic, euphoric and hallucinogenic substance which was isolated from peyote (Lophophora williamsii) A. Heroin B. LSD C. THC D. Mescaline E. Papaverin

Mescaline

The class of ergot commonly known as lysergic acid derivatives which contains the pharmacologically active alkaloids. A. Clavinet type B. Peptide alkaloid C. Terpenoids D. A and B E. None of these

Peptide alkaloid

This plant serves as local source of strychnine A. Strychnos nux vomica B. Strychnos nux-blanda C. Strychnos ignatii D. Strychnos potatorum E. All

Strychnos ignatii

A specific raulwolfia alkaloid which is known to have antiarrythmic property and was produced by cell suspension culture of Rauwolfia serpentina A. Ajmaline B. Ajmalicine C. Aimaline D. Serpentine E. Reserpine

Ajmalicine

The specific amino which give rise to a large class of indole alkaloids. A. Glycine B. Phenylalanine C. Threonine D. Tryptophan E. Tyrosine

Tryptophan

Which of the following statements is TRUE about quinine? A. A quinolone alkaloid B. It is employed as prophylaxis for cardiac arrhythmias C. For treatment of glaucoma D. As treatment for atrial fibrillation E. Effective against chloroquine-resistant malaria causing organisms

For treatment of glaucoma

The methylation product of theobromine A. Adenine B. Caffeine C. Guanine D. Theophylline E. Xanthine

Caffeine

An isomer of theobromine A. Adenine B. Caffeine C. Guanine D. Theophylline E. Xanthine

Theophylline

In the Ergot alkaloids, lysergic acid or its isomer is linked to this particular compound A. Alcohol B. Amino alcohol C. Amino acid D. Protein E. Sugar

Amino alcohol

The principal alkaloid isolated from Japanese aconite which is known for its cardiotonic properties that is active at the same dosage levels as Digitalis glycoside A. Aconitine B. Higentamine C. Mesaconitine D. Neopelline E. Neoline

Higentamine

The specific pharmacologic use of Veratum steroidal alkaloid A. Cardiotonic B. Convulsive C. Bronchodilator D. Hypotensive E. Cathartic

Hypotensive

Cephaelis ipecacuanha commonly known as ipecac has been used for many years for the following properties A. Emetic B. Expectorant C. Antitumor D. A and B only E. All

All

NK 109, a synthetic isomer of this compound isolated from Fagara xanthoxyloides has been found to have greater antitumor activity than any of the natural benzophenanthridine structures and was entered for clinical trials in Japan. A. Fegarine B. Fegaridine C. Fegadine D. Figadine E. None

Fegaridine

A vinca alkaloid which is used mainly for the treatment of generalized Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas A. Vinblastine B. Vincristine C. Vindesine D. Vinorelbine E. None

Vinblastine

This antimalarial compound and is derivatives should be given with mefloquine to reduce the risk of recrudescence and resistance A. Artemisinin B. Berberine C. Emetine D. Quinine E. Quassin

Artemisinin

This reagent may be used to distinguish theobromine from caffeine since theobromine will be precipitated from a dilute nitric acid solution A. Ferric chloride B. Copper sulfate C. Silver chloride D. Silver nitrate E. Sulfuric acid

Silver nitrate

A limonoid which was isolated from neem tree has in vitro antiplasmodial activity A. Brutasol B. Gedunin C. Jatrophone D. Quassin E. Quassinoid

Gedunin

Gossypol, a polyphenol derived from this particular fixed oil is found to have activity against P. falciparum and E. histolytica when tested in vitro. A. Arachis oil B. Coconut oil C. Cotton seed oil D. Olive oil E. Palm oil

Cotton seed oil

The first sugar formed during photosynthesis and also a main transport material A. Glucose B. Sucrose C. Fructose D. Starch E. None

Sucrose

A mixture of flavanoligans which marked hepatoprotective properties was isolated from milk thistle fruits is known as ___ which is available as purified standardized extract A. Boldine B. Cynarin C. Curcumin D. Silymarin E. None

Silymarin

Vincristine has a superior antitumor activity compared to vinblastine but is found to have this side effect A. Cardiotoxic B. Convulsive C. Hepatotoxic D. Nephrotoxic E. Neurotoxic

Neurotoxic

Fresh garlic exhibits antibiotic activity due to its Sulfur containing amino acid known as _____ A. Alicin B. Allilin C. Allylmercaptocystein D. Ajoene E. All

Allilin

Which of the following plants belong to the family Ranunculaceae? A. Aconiturn B. Helleborus C. Tinospora D. A and B E. B and C

A and B

The following are subfamilies of the second largest family of flowering plant which is Fabaceae A. Caesalpinoideae B. Krameriaceae C. Crassulaceae D. Mimosoideae E. Papilionaceae

Crassulaceae

This balsam is used as an antiseptic dressing for wounds and as parasiticide A. Balsam of peru B. Storax C. Siam benzoin D. Copaiba E. Sumatra benzoin

Balsam of peru

The following statements are true about pectin EXCEPT? A. Purified carbohydrates obtained from dilute alkali extract of the inner portion of rind of citrus fruits B. It is concists chiefly of partially methoxylated polygalacturonic acids C. The molecular weight ranges from 100,000 to 250,000 D. The insoluble pectin in fruit is known as protopectin E. It is classified as protectant, suspending and antidiarrheal agent

Purified carbohydrates obtained from dilute alkali extract of the inner portion of rind of citrus fruits

(-) cathinone is known to have same pharmacologic properties as (+) amphetamine. This substance was isolated from this particular plant A. Abyssinian tea B. Ephedra C. Poppy plant D. Mandragora E. Strophantus

Abyssinian tea

It is new, orally active semi synthetic anhydrous derivative of 8’-norvinbalastine with a broader anticancer and lower neurotoxic side effects than other catharantus alkadloids A. Vinblastine B. Vincristine C. Vindesine D. Vinorelbine E. None

Vinorelbine

Podophyllum is commonly used as A. Purgative B. Paint in the treatment of soft venearal wart C. Emetic D. A and B E. B and C

A and B

The water soluble forms of antimaterial compound derived from Artemisia annua which can be given orally or by intervenous injection A. Sodium Arthemeter B. Sodium artelinate C. Sodium artesunate D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

A gum which is effective against H. pyfori and may be used for treatment of gastric ulcers A. Acacia gum B. Ghatti gum C. Karaya gum D. Mastic gum E. Sterculia gum

Mastic gum

The type of tragacanth which exudes from the natural injuries which is described as womlike or twisted in coils A. Ribbon gum B. Flake gum C. Tragacanth sorts D. Vermiform E. None

Vermiform

The condensation product of acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate which is formed upon entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle A. Aconitate B. Citrate C. Fumarate D. Malate E. Oxalosuccinate

Citrate

The following are plant constituents with antiviral activity EXCEPT: A. Berberine B. Calanolides C. Glycyrrhizin D. Hypericin E. Licochalcone

Berberine

A highly toxic compound derived from Anamirta cocculus commonly known as fish berry A. Cicutoxin B. Berberine C. Linamarin D. Picrotoxin E. Adonitoxin

Picrotoxin

Which of the following plants belong to family papaveraceae? A. Calophyllum B. Papaver C. Sanguinaria D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

The product of the action of betea mylase on starch is _____ A. Glucose B. Fructose C. Lactose D. Maltose E. Sucrose

Maltose

The synthesis of the amylose fraction of the starch us affected by this particular enzyme A. Amylase B. Glucosidase C. Peptidase D. Transglycosyphase E. None

Transglycosyphase

The following alkaloids are classified under pyridine piperidine family EXCEPT A. Arecoline B. Conline C. Cocaine D. Nicotine E. Lobeline

Cocaine

The following hydrocolloids are classified as microbial gum A. Dextran B. Guar C. Xanthan D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

The following algae are major sources of carrageenan A. Chondrus crisus B. Gigartina mamillosa C. Gelidium cartilagenum D. A and B E. B and C

A and B

The following crude drugs are classified under cyanophore glycosides EXCEPT A. Apricot B. Bitter almond C. Cassia D. Cherry E. Cassava

Cassia

Psidium guajava, a tannin-rich plant and its water extract commonly used as vaginal wash after giving birth and as antibacterial agent A. Fabaceae B. Lythraceae C. Myrtaceae D. Malvaceae E. Tiliaceae

Myrtaceae

The most important monosaccharide found in plants A. Glucose B. Fructose C. Ribose D. A and B E. B and C

Fructose

The coagulated latex derived from Palaquim and Payena species which is used in dentistry especially as a permanent filling in root canals. A. Mastic B. Cement C. Gutta percha D. Chicle E. Rubber

Gutta percha

This particular component of tragacanth is composed of polymethoxylated acids and is responsible for swelling property of this gum A. Arabin B. Bassorin C. Mannuronic acid D. Tragacanth E. None

Tragacanth

Anthraquinone glycosides are stimulant cathartic and exert their action by increasing the tone of the smooth muscle in the ______ A. Stomach B. Small intestine C. Large intestine D. A and B E. B and C

Large intestine

The aglycone portion of glycyrrhizin which is used for its anti-inflammatory property A. Glycyrrhizic acid B. Glycyrrhetic acid C. Glucoronic acid D. Both A and B E. None

Glycyrrhetic acid

An isoquinoline alkaloid whose salt is colored copper red A. Coniine B. Nicotine C. Berberine D. Sanguinarine E. Morphine

Sanguinarine

Carrageenan hydrocolloids differ chemically from agar by having higher _____ content A. Glucose B. Chloride C. Sulfate ester D. Nitrate E. Phosphate

Glucose

The principal adrenal steroid that regulates sodium, potassium and water balance in the organism A. Aldosterone B. Cortisone C. Desoxycorticosterone D. Hydrocortisone E. None

Aldosterone

The following are non-heterocyclic alkaloids EXCEPT A. Colchicines B. Ephedrine C. Hordenine D. Lobeline E. Mescaline

Lobeline

An alkaloid containing a quaternary amine and is known for its skeletal muscle relaxant effect A. Brucine B. Pilocarpine C. Ephedrine D. Strychnine E. Tubocurarine

Tubocurarine

The aglycone produced when sinigrin is hydrolysed by myrosin A. Acrinyl isothiocyanate B. Allyl isothiocyanate C. Volatile mustard oil D. A and C E. B and C

B and C

Deslanoside is a desacetyllanatoside C, which on hydrolysis will yield digoxigenin, digitoxose and glucose in proportions of _____ A. 1:1:3 B. 3:1:1 C. 1:2:1 D. 1:3:1 E. 2:3:1

1:3:1

The primary bile acids formed in the human liver are the following A. Cholic acid B. Chenodesoxycholic acid C. Desoxycholic acid D. A and B E. B and C

A and B

The specific alkaloid derived from Cephaelis which is used against hepatic and interstitial amoebiasis A. Emetine B. Dehydroemetine C. Psychotine D. A and B E. All

Emetine

A terpenoid alkaloid derived from wolfsbane root A. Aconitine B. Germine C. Protoverine D. Arecholine E. Atropine

Aconitine

This specific sterol which was isolated from both calabar bean and soybean oil and is readily converted into pregnane type of steroid hormone A. Beta sitosterol B. Ergosterol C. Cholesterol D. Stigmasterol E. None

Stigmasterol

The following are common medicinal use of catharides EXCEPT A. Irritant B. Rubefacient C. Aphrodisiac D. Cardiotonic E. Removal of warts

Cardiotonic

A polyisoprenoid consisting of a mixture of cis and trans – C5 isoprenoids obtained from Manilkara zapota which serve as a base used for chewing gum A. Mastic B. Cement C. Gutta percha D. Chicle E. Rubber

Chicle

The form of vitamin B6 is abundant in plant sources A. Pyridoxol B. Pyridoxal C. Pyridoxamine D. B and C E. All

Pyridoxol

The following flavonoids constitute the vitamin P or known as permeability factor A. Hesperidin B. Hesperitin C. Rutin D. A and C E. B and C

A and C

A lignin derivative obtained from podophyllum which is used from the treatment of small cell lung cancer and testicular cancer A. Etoposide B. Peltatin C. Podophyllotixin D. Teniposide E. None

Etoposide

The following substances contain high molecular weight alcohol and long chain fatty acids EXCEPT A. Beeswax B. Carnauba C. Jojoba oil D. Spermaceti E. Cocoa butter

Cocoa butter

The following compounds are known to be antiprotozoal alkaloids EXCEPT A. Berberine B. Emetine C. Jatrorhizzine D. Arecoline E. Quinine

Arecoline

Vitamin B3 is highly distributed in the following sources EXCEPT A. Egg B. Liver C. Rice polishing D. Milk E. Yeast

Rice polishing

The specific bile acid which contributes to the biliary cholesterol gallstones A. Cholic acid B. Chenosdeoxycholic acid C. Desoxycholic acid D. Lithocholic acid E. None

Chenosdeoxycholic acid

A purified mixture of saccharides (not less than 93% dextrose) also prepared by controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch A. Dextrin B. Oligosaccharide C. Glucosan D. Dextrates E. Amylose

Dextrates

A diterpene ester isolated from Taxus brevifolia which is used clinically in the treatment of ovarian, breast and non-small cell lung cancer A. Paclitaxel B. Taxane C. Taxol D. A and B E. A and C

Paclitaxel

The following are true about gutta-percha, a purified, coagulated latex derived from Palaquium trees EXCEPT A. It is incapable of vulcanization B. It becomes plastic when heated 45-60℃ C. Used as covering moist dressing D. Composed of C10 units linked by cis double bonds E. Used in manufacture of surgical instruments

Composed of C10 units linked by cis double bonds

The following compounds are cyanogenic glycosides EXCEPT A. Amygdalin B. Diosgenin C. Linamarin D. Phaseolunatin E. Prunasin

Diosgenin

This specific steroid is responsible for the molting of insect A. Antheridiol B. Ecdysone C. Egosterol D. Estradiol E. Lanosterol

Ecdysone

The following alkaloids are oxygen free and are liquid by nature A. Coniine B. Nicotine C. Berberine D. A and B E. B and C

A and B

181. Tannins will produce this color upon reaction with potassium ferricyanide and ammonia A. Green B. Blue C. Pink D. Deep red E. Black

Deep red

182. Tropane alkaloids like hyoscyamine and atropine are isolated from the following plants EXCEPT A. Atropa B. Datura C. Hyoscyamus D. Piper E. Mandragor

Piper

This specific fixed oil combination with medium chain triglycerides are common ingredients of products for oral administration and are described as balanced dietary supplements A. Corn oil B. Coconut oil C. Almond oil D. Sesame oil E. Soybean oil

Coconut oil

A sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia annua which is used for the treatment chloroquine resistant malaria A. Artemisin B. Artemisinin C. Artemether D. Sodium artesunate E. Sodium artelinate

Artemisinin

The type of distillation used commonly for fresh plant samples which does not require maceration of the drug A. Water distillation B. Water and steam distillation C. Direct steam distillation D. Destructive distillation E. None

Direct steam distillation

Which of the following volatile constituents is not a phenylpropanoid? A. Cinnamaldehyde B. Eugenol C. Limonene D. Anethole E. Methylsalicylate

Limonene

The following volatile oils are derived from the fruit part of the plant EXCEPT A. Coriander oil B. Juniper oil C. Orange oil D. Neroli oil E. None

Neroli oil

The following quinoine alkaloids were isolated from plants belonging to Rubiaceae family EXCEPT A. Cinchonine B. Cinchonidine C. Cisparine D. Quinine E. None

Cisparine

Synthetic racemic menthol is produced by hydrogenation of this particular volatile oil A. Geraniol B. Carvone C. Limonene D. Thujone E. Thymol

Thymol

Sulfoxide, found In Allium species is responsible for lachrymator factor of these plants and was derived fom what specific อmino acid? A. Alanine B. Glycine C. Cysteine D. Methionine E. Proline

Cysteine

Ubiquinone, a coenzyme found in the liver and involved in the electron transport chain is commonly known as A. Vitamin P B. Vitamin U C. Vitamin Q D. Vitamin Q10 E. None

Vitamin Q10

The following crude drugs are classified under ketone volatile oil group EXCEPT A. Buchu B. Caraway C. Cinnamon D. Cedar leaf E. Wormwood

Cinnamon

The main component of commercial garlic powder which is converted to other sulfur compounds which provide the garlic odor A. Allilin B. Allicin C. Diallyl disulphide D. Diallyl trisulfide E. All

Diallyl trisulfide

The following plants are rich sources of menthol, an alcohol volatile oil A. Mentha avensis B. Merha piperta C. Mentha spicata D. A and B E. B and C

A and B

A volatie oil which is employed as a toothache remedy and is applied topically to dental cavities A. Cassia oil B. Clove oil C. Fennel oil D. Nutmeg oil E. Spearmint oil

Clove oil

Methyl salicylate is commonly known as EXCEPT A. Betula oll B. Gaultheria oil C. Juniper oil D. Wintergreen oil E. Sweet birch oil

Juniper oil

Vitamin B9 is also known as A. Folacin B. Folic acid C. Vitamin M D. A and B E. All

All

The following compounds are classified as steroidal alkaloidal glycosides EXCEPT A. Solanin B. Soladulcin C. Hellebrin D. Tomatin E. Solasodine

Hellebrin

These compounds are termed nitrogenous anthocyanins which are responsible for the bright colorations of flowers and fruits of Cactaceae A. Anthocyanin B. Anthraquinone C. Betalains D. Chalcone E. Leucoanthocyanin

Betalains

200. The only disaccharide that occurs abundantly in the free state in plants A. Lactose B. Sucrose C. Saccharide D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

201. The following dicotyledonous orders are known to be alkaloid free at present EXCEPT A. Cucurbitales B. Fagales C. Oleales D. Rosales E. Salicales

Rosales

The volatile oil from these crude drugs isolated from a specific plant part which is the glandular hair A. Basil B. Celery C. Mint D. Oregano E. Rosemary

Celery

The following are rich sources of Vitamin B5 EXCEPT A. Chicken B. Milk C. Liver D. Cereals E. Nuts

Cereals

The following compounds are known as lupin alkaloids and are classified as Quinolizidine commonly occurring in family Lequminosae A. Cytosine B. Labumine C. Lupanine D. Physostigmine E. Sparteine

Physostigmine

The following statement are incorrect about methyl salicylate A. It is obtained by maceration and subsequent steam distillation of Gaulteria leaves B. It is made synthetically by distilling a mixture of ethanol and saligenin C. A colorless, pink to purple liquid with odor and taste of wintergreen D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

A resin which is used as stiffening agent in cerates, plasters and ointments and as adulterant of other resinous products A. Podophyllum B. Mastic C. Eriodictyon D. Jalap E. Rosin

Rosin

The following indole alkaloids were isolated from plants belonging to family Apocynaceae A. Reserpine B. Physostigmine C. Vinblastine D. VincristineE. Yohimbine

Physostigmine

The chief enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of gaultherin and the production of methyl salicylate A. Amylase B. Glucosidase C. Gaultherase D. Emulsion E. Myrosin

Gaultherase

A resin derived from the tuberous root of Exogonium purga which is used as cathartic agent A. Podophyllum B. Mastic C. Eriodictyon D. Jalap E. Rosin

Jalap

The drying fixed oil expressed from Carthamus tinctorius and is recommended for its cholesterol lowering properties A. Olive oil B. Palm oil C. Linseed oil D. Safflower oil E. Sesame oil

Safflower oil

The alkaloidal precipitating reagent which Is composed of saturated solution of picric acid A. Hager’s reagent B. Dragendorff’s reagent C. Mayer’s reagent D. Wagner’s reagent E. Sonnenschein reagent

Hager's reagent

The sedating principles isolated from cannabis resin are A. Cannabidiol B. Cannabichromene C. Cannabidiolic acid D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

The ginger volatile oil consists of the following sesquiterpenes EXCEPT A. Bisabolene B. Zingiberene C. Zingerone D. Zingiberol E. Non

Zingerone

Alkaloids react with Wagners and Dragendoffs reagents and will form precipitate which are colored ____ A. Cream B. Yellow C. Black D. Reddish brown E. Blue

Reddish brown

The following are tribasic acids which are important components of the Kreb's cycle EXCEPT A. Aconitic acid B. Citric acid C. Malic acid D. Isocitric acid E. Non

Malic acid

The following are medicinal uses of balsam of copaiba EXCEPT A. Diuretic B. Expectorant C. Genitourinary disinfectant D. Astringent E. Laxative

Astringent

Which among the following balsams is commonly used for skin diseases and as a local protectant? A. Balsam of copaiba B. Peru balsam C. Benzoin D. Tolu balsam E. Storax

Peru balsam

Caffeine is a purine alkaloid which is not precipitated by alkaloidal reagents. However, it will produce a purple color with this test. A. Dragendofs test B. Murexide test C. Silver nitrate test D. Schiffs test E. Thalloeoquin test

Murexide test

Ergosterol, a major steroid isolated from fungi is commonly known as A. Provitamin D2 B. Provitamin D3 C. Vitamin D D. Both A and B E. None

Provitamin D2

The following cnude drugs are classified under steroidal alkaloid EXCEPT A. Green hellebore B. Veratum viride C. Black hellebore D. White hellebore E. None

Black hellebore

The following alkaloids are derived from amino acid, omithine EXCEPT A. Atropine B. Hyoscyamine C. Nicotine D. Pilocarpine E. None

Pilocarpine

Reserpine, an indole alkaloid is commonly used as A. Antihypertensive B. Mood enhancer C. Tranquilizer D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

Vitamin H Is commonly known as A. Biotin B. Coenzyme R C. Coenzyme Q D. A and B E. All

A and B

The presence of this acid serves as an indicator of the opium alkaloid occurrence in any product A. Isoquinolic acid B. Meconic acid C. Noscapic acid D. Tropic acid E. None

Meconic acid

It is obtained by the oxidation of dextrose , either with chlorine or electrolytically in the presence of bromide A. Glucitol B. Glucuronic acid C. Gluconic acid D. Glucaric acid E. None

Gluconic acid

This particular indole alkaloid is known for its efficiency to quench singlet oxygen A. Ergotamine B. Ergometrine C. Reserpine D. Strychnine E. Vinblastine

Reserpine

A crude drug will provide this positive result from emetine after treating with HCI and potassium KCIO3 A. Red to yellow B. Red to white C. Yellow to red D. Yellow to green E. Yellow to blue

Yellow to red

The specifc isoquinoline alkaloid derived from the bark and stems of Strychnos castelnaei is A. Brucine B. Strychnine C. Tubocurarine D. A and B E. None

None

The primary clinical application of cinchona alkaloids A. Cardiac arrhythmia B. Convulsions C. Malaria D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

Cholecalciferol occurs naturally in higher animals and is formed photochemically from 7-dehydrocholesterol by sun’s in adiation of the skin A. Vitamin D2 B. Vitamin D3 C. Vitamin D4 D. Vitamin D5 E. Vitamin D6

Vitamin D3

Atropine when treated with baryla water and heated at 60℃ will form the following products A. Oscine B. Tropine C. Tropic acid D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

An alkaloid which is known for its multiple central, peripheral effects as well as the rewarding property due to the blocking of dopamine reuptake mechanism A. Atropine B. Cocaine C. Morphine D. Heroin E. Reserpine

Cocaine

An alkaloid abundant in Datura species which upon hydrolysis will yields tropic and scopoline A. Atropine B. Hyoscine C. Scopolamine D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

The following tropane alkaloids isolated from the plants belonging to family Solanaceae EXCEPT A. Atropine B. Cocaine C. Hyoscyamine D. Hyoscine E. Mandragorine

Cocaine

The following are clinical effects of atropine EXCEPT A. Hyperthermia B. Mydriasis C. Constipation D. Antisialogogue E. Secretory effect

Secretory effect

The product of esterification of tropine with tropic acid is ____ A. Atropine B. Hyoscyamine C. Scopolamine D. Hyoscine E. None

Hyoscyamine

Colchicum autumnale is commonly known as A. Autumn crocus B. Meadow saffron C. Croccus D. A and B E. A and C

A and B

Nutraceuticals which are used for the maintenance of eye health, are antioxidant and can fight blue light A. Vitamin A B. Lutein C. Zeaxanthin D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

The 3-hydroxy derivative of tropane is known as A. Tropic acid B. Tropate C. Tropine D. Tropinate E. None

Tropine

The principal alkaloids from ipecac which are phenolic in nature are the following A. Cephaeline B. Emetine C. Psychotrine D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

The following are amino acids which serve as alkaloidal precursors EXCEPT A. Lysine B. Leucine C. Omithine D. Phenylalanine E. Tryptophan

Leucine

The following alkaloids are miotic agents A. Reserpine B. Pilocarpine C. Physostigmine D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

The parts used for colchicum which serve as the richest sources of colchine A. Corn B. Fruit C. Seed D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

Substances with cholesterol will produce this color upon the addition of CHCl3, acetic anhydride and sulfuric acid A. Green B. Yellow C. Red D. Orange E. Pink

Green

The principal alkaloid in all Datura species A. Atropine B. Hyoscyamine C. Hyoscine D. A and B E. All

Hyoscine

The following are classified under isoquinoline alkaloids EXCEPT A. Codeine B. Emetine C. Morphine D. Reserpine E. Tubocurarine

Reserpine

The following alkaloids are liquid in form due to the lack of oxygen in their molecules EXCEPT A. Caffeine B. Coniine C. Sparteine D. Nicotine E. None

Caffeine

Ergotoxine, a pure substance isolated by Banger and Carr which is composed of the following compounds A. Ergocristine B. Ergocomine C. Ergometrine D. A and B E. All

A and B

The primary principal glycoside in both Strophanthus kombe and S. hispidus are the following A. G-strophanthoside B. K-strophanthoside C. Strophoside D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

A hexahydric alcohol that is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract A. Glucitol B. Dulcital C. Mannitol D. Sorbitol E. Ribitol

Mannitol

A bisbenzylisoquinaline alkaloid derived from dopamine which is used to secure muscular relaxation in surgical operation A. Emetine B. Aristolochic aid C. Palmatine D. Sanguinarine E. Tubocurarine

Tubocurarine

The following are synonymous terms referring to the dried rhizome of Apocynum cannabinum EXCEPT A. Black indian hemp B. Canadian hemp C. Dog bane D. Indian hemp E. None

Indian hemp

The following glycoside are derivatives of digoxigenin EXCEPT A. Digoxin B. Acetyldigoxin C. Desacetyllanatoside C D. Digitoxin E. Lanatoside C

Digitoxin

It occurs as white, odourless, microcrystalline powder, practically insoluble in water and is the most lipid soluble of the cardiac glycosides used in therapeutics A. Digoxin B. Deslanoside C. Digitoxin D. Gitoxin E. Lanatoside

Digitoxin

The following ergot alkaloids are water insoluble compounds EXCEPT A. Ergometrine B. Ergotamine C. Ergosine D. Ergocrystine E. Ergocryptine

Ergometrine

A specific alcohol volatile oil which has an antipruritic acid and cardiac depression effect A. Citronellal B. Geraniol C. Menthol D. Carvone E. Terpinol

Menthol

This alkaloid in its hydrobromide form is employed in preoperative medication usually with papaveretum, 30-60min before the induction of anesthesia A. Atropine B. Hyoscyamine C. Hyoscine D. All E. None

Hyoscine

Quinidine has the following medical applications EXCEPT A. Prophylaxis of cardiac arrhythmias B. Treatment of atrial fibrillation C. Treatment of torsade de pointes D. Antimalarial property E. None

Treatment of torsade de pointes

An aldehyde volatile oil which is commonly used as insect repellent A. Citronella oil B. Juniper oil C. Peppermint oil D. Hamamelis oil E. Rose oil

Citronella oil

The following are alcohol volatile oils EXCEPT A. Cardamom oil B. Juniper oil C. Peppermint oil D. Hamamelis oil E. Rose oil

Hamamelis oil

The fluorescent substance obtained from belladonna leaf A. B-methylaesculetin B. N-methylpyrroline C. Scopoletin D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

The principal precursors for phenylpropanoid compounds which are found in volatile oils A. Cinnamic acid B. P-hydroxycinnamic acid C. P-coumaric acid D. A and B E. All

All

The type of prostaglandin which is used for the palliative therapy of neonates the patent ductus arteriosus and certain congenital heart defects A. PGE1 B. PGE2 C. PGF2alpha D. PGE1 E. PGE2

PGE1

The variety of coca which is well adapted in the desert conditions of N. Peru and was cultivated for “coca chewing” and the manufacture of cocoa based soft drinks A. Amazonian coca B. Columbian cola C. Huanuco coca D. Truxillo coca E. Mexican coca

Truxillo coca

The liquid plant wax which is hydrogenize and resembles the properties of spermaceti A. Bayberry wax B. Carnauba wax C. Cutin D. Jojoba oil E. Copernicia wax

Jojoba oil

The following alkaloids may cause the doubling of chromosomes in cells A. Colchicine B. Pilocarpine C. Sanguinarine D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

The following acids serve as antifungal agents EXCEPT A. Acetic acid B. Salicylic acid C. Undecylenic acid D. Azelaic acid E. None

Azelaic acid

The following are unsaturated fatty acid EXCEPT A. Linoleic acid B. Linolenic acid C. Palmitoleic acid D. Oleic acid E. Lauric acid

Lauric acid

The refined, fixed oil derived from the seed od Sesamum indicum is commonly known as A. Benne oil B. Arachis oil C. Teel oil D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

A purified internal fat of the abdomen of the sheep, Ovis aries which is used as ointment base A. Lard B. Carnauba C. Suet D. Wool fat E. Lanolin

Suet

A compound found sugar cane waste and leaves of alfalfa and wheat which exhibit lipid lowering activity A. Lutein B. Linoleic acid C. Policosanol D. Resveratrol E. Pycnogenol

Policosanol

The main metabolite of cocaine which may be identified in body fluids is ___ A. Benzoic acid B. Benzoylecgonine C. Methyl alcohol D. A and C E. B and C

Benzoylecgonine

An ingredient in most nutraceutical products which is used in controlling deranged lipid and cholesterol metabolism A. Peanut oil B. Sunflower oil C. Lecithin D. Soybean oil E. Sesamol

Lecithin

An acyl-CoA cholesterol acyl transferase inhibitor and a recently isolated alkaloid from Piper longum is proposed to be used for treatment of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis A. Capsaicin B. Guinesine C. Piperin D. Piperettine E. None

Guinesine

A hexitol that tastes approximately half as sweet as sucrose. has humectant properties, is not absorbed on oral ingestion and is not metabolized readily A. Glucitol B. Xylitol C. Sorbitol D. A and B E. A and C

A and C

Ephedrine and mescaline are alkaloidal amine which are derived from this specific amino acid A. Lysine B. Omithine C. Phenylalanine D. Proline E. Tyrosine

Phenylalanine

The following polyphenols are commonly found in Camelle species EXCEPT A. Catechin B. Kaempferol C. Gallotannin D. Myricetin E. Quercetin

Gallotannin

A milky fluid produced by the salivary glands of worker bees and used for counteracting the effects of ageing and for the treatment of depression and dermatitis A. Honey B. Royal jelly C. Propolis D. Beeswax E. None

Royal jelly

The reaction Involved in the conversion of liquid oil to semisolid fats which are used as cooking fats and shortening A. Hydrolysis B. Hydrogenation C. Oxidation D. Sulfonation E. None

Hydrogenation

An isoquinolone alkaloid derived from goldenseal root which is used for the control of uterine haemorrhage A. Berberine HCl B. Canadine HCl C. Hydrastine HCl D. Morphine HCl E. Sanguinarine HCl

Hydrastine HCl

The condensation product between acetyl coa and carbon dioxide which is serves as intermediate molecule in fatty acid synthesis A. Butyryl CoA B. Caproyl CoA C. Malonyl CoA D. Lauryl CoA E. Myristoyl CoA

Malonyl CoA

The following substances are used in perfumery as fixative EXCEPT A. Ambergris B. Civet C. Musk D. Rose E. Vanilla

Rose

Papaveretum BP is a mixture of the HCl of these opium alkaloids EXCEPT A. Codeine B. Morphine C. Papaverine D. Noscapine E. None

Noscapine

The following plants are sources of compounds used as rodent poisons A. Red squill B. White squill C. Strychnos D. A and C E. All

All

A C6 acid which forms the basic building block of isoprenoid compounds A. Citric acid B. Aconitic acid C. Malic acid D. Mevalonic acid E. Isocitric acid

Mevalonic acid

The following are rich sources of lactone glycosides EXCEPT A. Blistering flies B. Brassica C. Melilotus D. Vibumum E. Tonka beans

Brassica

The following plants are rich sources of amygdalin EXCEPT A. Bitter almond B. Apricot C. Cherries D. Populus E. Plum

Populus

The pericyclic fibers of the stem of Cannabis sativa A. Cotton wool B. Jute C. Flax D. Hemp E. Rayon

Hemp

A condensation product of caffeic acid and quinic acid which occurs in ate, coffee, hops, elder flower and lime flowers A. Benzoic acid B. Cinnamic acid C. Chlorogenic acid D. Shikimic acid E. Truxillic acid

Chlorogenic acid

Meconic acid, either in free form or as meconate will identify the presence of opium alkaloids by reacting with FeCls solution and producing a _____ color A. Deep blue B. Deep orange C. Deep red D. Dark brown E. Dark pink

Deep red

The following amino acids are precursors of most alkaloids EXCEPT A. Arginine B. Glycine C. Omithine D. Hydroxyproline E. Proline

Glycine

Pectin has the following pharmaceutical or medicinal properties EXCEPT A. Laxative B. Suspending agent C. Ingredient in antidiarrheal formulations D. As protectant E. None

Laxative

The best grade senna leaf is colored ____ A. Yellow B. Green C. Blue green D. Blue E. Dark yellow

Blue green

The plant part used in plantago seed which swells thus providing bulk and lubrication A. Embryo B. Endosperm C. Cotyledon D. Seed coat E. None

Seed coat

The following compounds are responsible for the cell division, cell elongation and growth of plant and fruit ripening except A. Abscissic acid B. Cytokinin C. Auxin D. Gibberellin E. Ethylene

Abscisic acid

The following gums are derived from marine sources and are usually used as suspending agents EXCEPT A. Agar B. Algin C. Karaya D. Carrageenan E. Sodium alginate

Karaya

Pyroxylin is the product obtained by the action of these two acids on cotton A. Hydrochloric acid B. Nitric acid C. Sulfuric acid D. A and B E. B and C

B and C

An ether of morphine which is used as antitussive A. Codeine B. Morphine C. Oripavine D. Heroin E. Codeinone

Codeine

The following opium alkaloids are strong bases, produce alkaline reaction to litmus and are highly toxic EXCEPT A. Codeine B. Morphine C. Noscapine D. Thebaine E. None

Noscapine

A term referring to closely related hydrocolloids that are obtained from various red algae or seaweeds A. Irish moss B. Carrageenan C. Danish agar D. Japanese isinglass E. None

Carrageenan

Module 2: Pharmacognosy Flashcards

(300 cards)