Module 3

Question 1

fundamental niche

Answer 1

entire spectrum of conditions in which a species can survive and reproduce

Question 2

Realized niche

Answer 2

set of conditions actually used by a species due to competition with other species

Question 3

competition

Answer 3

the use or defense of a resource by one individual that reduces availability of that resource to others

Question 4

interspecific competition

Answer 4

competition between species

Question 5

Intraspecific competition

Answer 5

competition within species

Question 6

Intraspecific competition drives divergence within populations

Answer 6

Interspecific competition drives divergence within communities

Question 7

Habitat

Answer 7

The resources and conditions present in an area that produce occupancy, including survival and reproduction of a given organism

Question 8

Liebig’s law of the minimum

Answer 8

rate of growth of a population is dependent on the nutrient or other condition present in the minimum quantity in terms of need and availability

Question 9

Eugene odum

Answer 9

any condition which nears or surpasses the limits of tolerance for the organism becomes a limiting factor

Question 10

limiting factor

Answer 10

the factor or condition outweighing other factors in limiting population growth

Question 11

Carrying capacity

Answer 11

The maximum population an environment can sustain without causing damage such as overbrowsing

Question 12

habitat use

Answer 12

the way an animal uses a collection of physicl and biological entities in a habitat

Question 13

Habitat selection

Answer 13

a hierarchical process involving a series of innate and learned behavioral decisions made by an animal about what habitat it would use at different scales in the environment

Question 14

Habitat preference

Answer 14

used to describe the relative use of different locations (habitats) by an individual species

Question 15

Habitat availability

Answer 15

the accessibility and procurability of physical and biological components of a habitat

Question 16

Habitat quality

Answer 16

The ability of the area to provide conditions appropriate for individual and population persistence.

Question 17

Critical habitat

Answer 17

A legal term describing the physical or biological features essential to the conservation of a species

Question 18

Macrohabitat

Answer 18

landscape features

Question 19

Microhabitat

Answer 19

finer-scaled features

Question 20

1st order

Answer 20

geographic range

Question 21

2nd order

Answer 21

home range of individual or groups

Question 22

3rd order

Answer 22

use of habitat components within home range

Question 23

4th order

Answer 23

how 3rd order selection is carried out

Question 24

Predation

Answer 24

the act of predators capturing prey

Question 25

carnivore

Answer 25

organism that depends in total or in part on killing another animal for food

Question 26

carnivory

Answer 26

predator kills and eats animal prey

Question 27

cannibalism

Answer 27

special case of carnivory where predator and prey same species

Question 28

parasitism

Answer 28

parasite feeding on another animal

Question 29

paul errington

Answer 29

doomed surplus

Question 30

compensatory

Answer 30

the concept that one kind of mortality largely replaces another kind of mortality in animal populations

Question 31

Additive

Answer 31

the concept that the effect of one kind of mortality is added to those of other sources of mortality

Question 32

Trophic cascades

Answer 32

predators suppression of prey is decreased, thereby enhancing prey's impacts on the next lower trophic level herbivore impacts on plants

Question 33

Harvest planning process

Answer 33

determining status of the resour