Module 3 Flashcards
What are transport proteins?
Regulate movement of hydrophilic molecules through membrane
What is passive transport?
The diffusion of molecules from a region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration via a concentration gradient
What are the three processes included In passive transport?
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
What is simple diffusion?
Process in which some molecules diffuse through the phospholipid belayer of cell membrane
What is facilitated diffusion?
Process in which ions and molecules use Transport proteins to pass through cell membrane.
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane down a concentration gradient.
What is energy requiring Transport?
Movement of substances through membranes using cellular energy, usually supplies by ATP.
What is active transport?
Membrane proteins use cellular energy to move substances against their concentration gradient across the cell membrane.
What is endocytosis?
Process in which cells engulf particles or fluids and require energy.
What are the three types of endocytosis?
Pinocytosis, receptor meditated endocytosis, and phagocytosis.
What is pinocytosis?
Also known as self drinking. Small area of cell membrane dimple in word and surround the interstitial fluid, dimple them buds off into the cytosol as a vesicles.
What is receptor meditated Endocytosis?
Specific molecules or complexes of molecules that cannot die fuse or pass-through channels in the cell membrane are taken up by cells. Require specialized receptor proteins located on plasma membrane in depressions called coded pits.
What is phagocytosis?
Process where cells transport large materials into the cell. Occurs when part of the cell membrane extends over the material and then fuses around it to form a vesicle called a food vacuole.
What is exocytosis?
So dispose of unwanted substances into the interstitial fluid using energy.
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide, water, and light
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose, oxygen
Where does photosynthesis take place?
In the chloroplast
What two stages does photosynthesis occur in?
Light dependent and light independent
What is light dependent?
Occurs in the thylakoid and generates ATP and NADPH.
What is light independent?
Also called the Calvin Benson cycle, occurs in the stroma and produces glucose.
What is oxidation?
An atom or molecule loses an electron.
What is reduction?
An atom or molecule gains an electron
What is a photo system?
Cluster of light absorbing pigment molecules within thylakoid membrane‘s in chloroplasts
What is Chemiosmosis?
Process through which ATP is generated across the inner membrane of mitochondria and the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. Couples the movement of hydrogen ions down a concentration gradient to the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate.
