Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Terminology > Module 3 Cardiovascular, Respitory, Nervous > Flashcards

Module 3 Cardiovascular, Respitory, Nervous Flashcards

(137 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

brady-

A

slow

Prefix meaning slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tachy-

A

fast

Prefix meaning fast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

-sclerosis

A

hardening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

atrio/o

A

atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

Word root meaning vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

coron/o

A

crown, heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hem/o

A

blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ven/o

A

vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Abbreviation BP

A

blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Abbreviation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A

CPR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Abbreviation for electrocardiogram

A

ECG/EKG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Abbreviation for myocardial infraction

A

MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diastole

A

the phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart relaxes and fills with blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Systole

A

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ventricle

A

Right and left pumping chambers

hollow part or cavity in an organ.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Ischemia (coronary artery disease-CAD)

A

Damage or disease in the heart’s major blood vessels due to lack of blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Angina

A

A type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.

A symptom of coronary artery disease.

feels like squeezing, pressure, heaviness, tightness, or pain in the chest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

Greater than 140/90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
enzyme tests
Tests to measure levels of specific enzymes in the blood ## Footnote Example: The doctor ordered enzyme tests to check for any signs of heart damage.
26
Echocardiogram
A test that uses sound waves to create a moving picture of the heart ## Footnote Example: The cardiologist recommended an echocardiogram to assess heart function.
27
Electrocardiogram
A test that records the electrical activity of the heart ## Footnote Example: The nurse performed an electrocardiogram to monitor the patient's heart rhythm.
28
Arrhythmia
Any deviation from the normal pattern of the heartbeat ## Footnote Example: The patient was diagnosed with an arrhythmia after experiencing irregular heartbeats.
29
stress test
A test that measures the heart's ability to respond to stress ## Footnote Example: The stress test revealed that the patient's heart rate increased significantly during exercise.
30
Holter monitor test
A test that records the heart's electrical activity over a period of time ## Footnote Example: The cardiologist recommended a Holter monitor test to monitor the patient's heart rhythm for 24 hours.
31
Serum lipid tests
Tests to measure levels of fats and cholesterol in the blood ## Footnote Example: The doctor ordered serum lipid tests to assess the patient's risk of heart disease.
32
Cholesterol
A type of fat found in the blood that is necessary for bodily functions ## Footnote Example: High levels of cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease.
33
HDL
High-density lipoprotein, often referred to as 'good' cholesterol ## Footnote Example: HDL helps remove LDL, or 'bad' cholesterol, from the bloodstream.
34
LDL
Low-density lipoprotein, often referred to as 'bad' cholesterol ## Footnote Example: High levels of LDL can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries.
35
Triglycerides
Consists of fatty acids and glycerol ## Footnote Example: Elevated triglyceride levels can increase the risk of heart disease.
36
Angioplasty or PTCA (with or without stent placement)
A procedure to open blocked or narrowed blood vessels ## Footnote Example: The cardiologist performed an angioplasty with stent placement to improve blood flow.
37
bypass surgery or CABG
A surgical procedure to create new routes for blood flow to the heart ## Footnote Example: The patient underwent bypass surgery to treat severe coronary artery disease.
38
hemi-
half ## Footnote Example: hemisphere
39
pre-
before ## Footnote Example: prenatal
40
-algesia
pain ## Footnote Example: hyperalgesia
41
-algia
pain ## Footnote Example: neuralgia
42
-kinesia
movement ## Footnote Example: bradykinesia
43
-phasia
speech ## Footnote Example: aphasia
44
-therapy
treatment ## Footnote Example: chemotherapy
45
cerebr/o
brain ## Footnote Example: cerebrospinal
46
encephal/o
brain ## Footnote Example: encephalitis
47
meningi/o
meninges ## Footnote Example: meningitis
48
myel/o
spinal cord, bone marrow ## Footnote Example: myelogram
49
A- / an-
Without
50
Neur/o
Nerve
51
CNS
Central Nervous System (includes brain and spinal cord only) ## Footnote ONS stands for Central Nervous System.
52
PNS
peripheral nervous system (includes ANS and SNS) ## Footnote PNS stands for peripheral nervous system.
53
CVA
cerebrovascular accident ## Footnote CVA stands for cerebrovascular accident.
54
EEG
electroencephalogram ## Footnote EEG stands for electroencephalogram.
55
LP
lumbar puncture ## Footnote LP stands for lumbar puncture.
56
Structural and functions of Brain components
brain stem (medulla oblongata), cerebellum, cerebrum ## Footnote These are the main components of the brain responsible for various functions.
57
Layers of Meninges
dura, arachnoid, pia ## Footnote The meninges are the protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
58
Types of Nerves
sensory & motor ## Footnote These nerves are responsible for transmitting sensory information and controlling muscle movements.
59
Spinal Cord function
2-way conduction ## Footnote The spinal cord carries sensory information to the brain and motor commands from the brain to the body.
60
Coma
deep sleep, no response to external stimuli ## Footnote Coma is a state of unconsciousness where the individual does not respond to their surroundings.
61
Concussion
brief interruption of brain function with a loss of consciousness ## Footnote A concussion is a temporary disturbance in brain function following a head injury.
62
Contusion (brain)
bruising, hemorrhage in the brain due to brain striking inner skull ## Footnote A brain contusion is a bruise or bleeding in the brain tissue.
63
Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)
death of specific area of brain tissue due to ischemia ## Footnote A stroke occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is cut off, leading to tissue death.
64
Epilepsy (Seizures)
excessive, irregular electrical activity of the CNS ## Footnote Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
65
Meningitis
inflammation of the meninges due to bacterial infection ## Footnote Meningitis is a serious infection causing inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
66
Migraine Headache
recurring, pulsating, vascular, usually on 1 side. Can cause visual disturbances ## Footnote Migraine headaches are intense headaches often accompanied by visual disturbances.
67
Syncope
fainting ## Footnote Syncope is a temporary loss of consciousness due to a drop in blood flow to the brain.
68
What does an Electroencephalogram (EEG) measure?
Electrical activity produced by the brain ## Footnote EEG measures electrical activity produced by the brain
69
What is lumbar puncture used for?
To withdraw CSF ## Footnote Lumbar puncture - hollow needle placed in subarachnoid space to withdraw CSF
70
What is a myelogram used for?
To visualize spinal cord and vertebral canal using contrast media and X-rays. ## Footnote Myelogram - use of contrast media to visualize spinal cord and vertebral canal through X-rays.
71
What does physical therapy focus on?
Gross motor skills ## Footnote Physical therapy - gross motor skills
72
What does occupational therapy focus on?
Fine motor skills ## Footnote Occupational therapy - fine motor skills
73
What does speech therapy focus on?
Speaking skills ## Footnote Speech therapy - speaking skills
74
-centesis
surgical puncture to withdraw fluid ## Footnote Example: Paracentesis is a procedure to remove fluid from the abdomen.
75
spasm
involuntary contraction
76
-stomy
new opening
77
bronch/o
bronchus
78
pne/o
breathing
79
laryng/o
voice box
80
ox/o
oxygen
81
pneumon/o
lung
82
pulmon/o
lung
83
nas/o
nose
84
thorac/o
chest
85
trache/o
trachea
86
Apnea-
Without/ absence of breathing
87
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
88
Tachypnea
Fast, rapid breathing
89
Bradypnea
Slow breathing
90
CXR
chest x-ray ## Footnote Example sentence: The doctor ordered a CXR to check for any abnormalities in the patient's lungs.
91
LLL
left lower lobe ## Footnote
92
LUL
left upper lobe ## Footnote
93
RLL
right lower lobe ## Footnote
94
RUL
right upper lobe ## Footnote
95
0г
oxygen ## Footnote
96
РА
posteroanterior ## Footnote
97
PFT
pulmonary function test ## Footnote
98
SOB
shortness of breath ## Footnote
99
TB
tuberculosis ## Footnote
100
URI
upper respiratory infection ## Footnote
101
What is hypoxia?
A condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply. ## Footnote Example sentence: The patient's hypoxia was caused by a severe lung infection.
102
What are rales?
Abnormal crackling or bubbling sounds heard upon auscultation of the lungs. ## Footnote Example sentence: The doctor heard rales in the patient's lungs, indicating the presence of fluid.
103
What are rhonchi?
Rattling, continuous, low-pitched sounds heard upon auscultation of the lungs. ## Footnote Example sentence: The nurse detected rhonchi in the patient's lungs, suggesting airway obstruction.
104
What are wheezes?
High-pitched, whistling sounds heard upon auscultation of the lungs. ## Footnote Example sentence: The child's wheezes were a sign of asthma exacerbation.
105
Bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchial tubes ## Footnote Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
106
Emphysema
progressive lung disease ## Footnote Emphysema is a progressive lung disease.
107
Hemothorax
blood in the pleural cavity ## Footnote Hemothorax is the presence of blood in the pleural cavity.
108
Pneumonia
infection in the lungs ## Footnote Pneumonia is an infection in the lungs.
109
Pneumothorax
collapsed lung ## Footnote Pneumothorax is a collapsed lung.
110
Tuberculosis
infectious disease affecting the lungs ## Footnote Tuberculosis is an infectious disease affecting the lungs.
111
Bronchoscopy
Examination of the bronchi using a flexible tube with a camera attached. ## Footnote Example sentence: The patient underwent a bronchoscopy to investigate a persistent cough.
112
Pulmonary function tests
Tests that measure how well the lungs are working by assessing lung volume, capacity, and flow rate. ## Footnote No additional information.
113
Thoracentesis
Procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space around the lungs using a needle. ## Footnote No additional information.
114
Atria
Right and left receiving chambers
115
Aorta
Largest artery, receives O2 blood from left ventricle
116
Arteries
Carry blood away from heart
117
Veins
Carry blood towards the heart
118
What are capillaries
Highway connection where veins and arteries connect
119
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Right atrium, left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle
120
Is the right atrium ventricle used for deoxygenated or oxygenated blood?
Deoxygenated blood going to the lungs to become oxygenated
121
Is the left atrium and left ventricle used for oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
In the left chambers you will find oxygenated blood that has just left the lungs
122
What is the heart valve connecting the right atrium and right ventricle Is blood oxygenated or deoxygenated at this point?
Tricuspid valve Deoxygenated Newly deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium travels through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle where it will be sent out to the lungs
123
What heart valve connects the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries Is blood oxygenated or deoxygenated at this point?
Pulmonic valve Deoxygenated Blood travels from right ventricle through pulmonic valve and through the pulmonary arteries on its way to the lungs to become oxygenated
124
What hear valve connects the left atrium to the left ventricle Is blood oxygenated or de oxygenated at this point?
Mitral valve (Bicuspid Valve) Oxygenated Oxygenated blood enters the left atrium and gets pushed through the mitral valve on its way into the left ventricle.
125
What valve connects the left ventricle to the aorta? Is the blood oxygenated or deoxygenated?
Aortic valve Oxygenated Blood passes from left ventricle through the aortic valve on its way to the aorta. Where it gets sent out to capillaries to release oxygen
126
What is the inferior Vena Cava (IVC) In what chamber does it release blood into?
Major veins that brings the deoxygenated blood from your trunk, visceral organs, and lower body back to the heart. Right Atrium
127
What is the function of the superior Venacava (SVC) And what chamber does the SVC EMPTY DEOXYGENATED BLOOD INTO?
Carries de oxygenated blood from the head and upper body back to the heart Right Atrium
128
What is the function of the pulmonary artery?
carry the deoxygenated blood away from the heart and then to the lungs to become oxygenated
129
What is the function of right and left pulmonary veins In what chamber is it releasing blood?
Bring oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the hert through the Left Atrium
130
What is the function of the aorta?
Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body
131
Name the valves, in order that the deoxygenated blood travels to become oxygenated and sent back out to the body
Tricuspid -> Pulmonic -> mitral-> Aortic Toilet Paper My Ass
132
What is the route deoxygenated blood travels through the heart
IVC/SVC-> Right Atrium-> Tricuspid valve -> Right Ventricle-> Pulmonic valve-> pulmonary artery-> lungs
133
What is the route oxygenated blood takes from the lungs to the rest of the body?
Lungs-> Pulmonary veins -> mitral valve-> left ventricle -> aortic valve -> aorta -> rest of body
134
Autonomic Nervous System
Brains unconscious control system for vital functions
135
Where in the respiratory system does O2/ CO2 transfer occur
At alveolus (tiny air sacks of the ends of the bronchioles)
136
What function does the autonomic nervous system have?
Sends signal to muscles around lungs to flatten diaphragm and contract intercostal muscles around limbs. This creates more space for air to come into lungs
137
What are Bronchioles
Tiny Tree like branches inside the lungs that contain alveolus at the ends for CO2/O2 exchange

Medical Terminology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions