MODULE 3 : LYMPHATICS

Question 0

Materials that are carried in the lymph include what.

Answer 0

WATER
BLOOD CELLS
PROTEINS

Question 1

Functions to transport fluid back to the blood and play an essential role in body defense and resistance to disease

Answer 1

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Question 2

Harmful materials that enter the lymph vessels include.

Answer 2

BACTERIA
VIRUSES
CANCER CELLS
CELL DEBRIS

Question 3

Components of the so called “immune system”, which are spread in most important parts of the body.

Answer 3

LYMPHATIC TISSUE

Question 4

Characterized by few and irregularly scattered lymphocytes in a loose manner

Answer 4

LOOSE LYMPHATIC TISSUE
(Found in :
- LP of upper respiratory and upper alimentary tracts
- internodular and deep cortical &. Edullary sheath of spleen
- internodular regions of the tonils and Peyer’s Patches)

Question 5

Characterized by lymphocytes that are abundant an closely packed together

Answer 5

DENSE LYMPHATIC TISSUE
(Found in :
- LP of lower respiratory and digestive tracts)

Question 6

Characterized as a compact, circumscribed aggregation of lymphocytes forming follicles or nodules

Answer 6

NODULAR LYMPHATIC TISSUE (e.i. Appendix)

Question 7

A type of Lymphatic Nodule that is widely distributed in the LP of digestive, respiratory and urinary tractsq

Answer 7

SOLITARY LYMPHATIC NODULES

Question 8

A type of Lymphatic Nodule that is found in the walls of the ileum (called Peyer’s Patches) and in the vermiform appendix

Answer 8

AGGREGATES OF LYMPHATIC NODULES

Question 9

Is a central pale staining part of a lymphatic nodule

Answer 9

GERMINAL CENTER OF FLEMING (Secondary Nodules)

Question 10

Site of active production of lymphocytes

Answer 10

SECONDARY NODULES

Question 11

Trap antigen in the presence of antibody to retain antigen-antibody complex

Answer 11

SECONDARY NODULE

Question 12

Peripheral dark staining portion of lymphatic nodules

Answer 12

CORONA

Question 13

Median organ situated in the superior mediastinum, anterior to the great vessels of the heart. Consists of two lobes, arising in the embryo as separate primordia on each side of the midline

Answer 13

THYMUS GLAND

Question 14

A type of lymphatic tissue which After puberty, it undergoes a rapid progressive involution until the organ is largely replaced by adipose tissue in the adult

Answer 14

LYMPHATIC TISSUE

Question 15

The only primary lymphatic organ. It is the first organ to become lymphoid during embryonic life

Answer 15

THYMUS GLAND

Question 16

Thymus Gland is covered by what type of capsule

Answer 16

CAPSULE OF LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Question 17

Embryonic origin of thymus gland

Answer 17

ENDODERMAL ORIGIN

Question 18

Part of the parenchyma of Thymus Gland which is the Peripheral zone of dense lymphatic tissue consisting of T lymphocytes

Answer 18

THYMIC CORTEX

Question 19

Part of the parenchyma of thymus gland which is composed of slightly staining central zone of loose lymphatic tissue

Answer 19

THYMIC MEDULLA

Question 20

Spherical or oval bodies composed of concentrically arranged cells of epithelial reticular cells with an acidophilic central area

Answer 20

THYMIC CORPUSCLES or HASSL’S BODIES

Question 21

Encapsulated spheroid or kidney-shaped organs along the course of lymphatic vessels

Answer 21

LYMPH NODES

Question 22

Part of lymph node that enter the node at its convex surface. Provided with valves that open towards the node

Answer 22

AFFERENT LYMPHATIC VESSELS

Question 23

Part of the lymph node which leave the node at the hilus and has valves that point away from the hilus

Answer 23

EFFERENT VESSELS

Question 24

Type of capsule surrounding lymph nodes

Answer 24

DCT

Question 25

Trace the Lymphatic Pathway and Sinuses

Answer 25

Afferent lymphatic vessels  enter the lymph node  subcapsular sinus  cortical sinus  medullary sinus  efferent lymphatic vessels  leave the lymph node

Question 26

The lymphatic sinus are not merely spaces but are lined by what structures?

Answer 26

LITTORAL CELLS

Question 27

Type of immunological defense that is the property of B lymphocytes and plasma cells

Answer 27

HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE

Question 28

A type of immunological defense that is T lymphocyte differentiation and activation lead to the development and systemic dessimination of lymphokine producing and cytolytic lymphocytes

Answer 28

CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE

Question 29

Largest lymphoid organ in the body

Answer 29

SPLEEN

Question 30

Has no afferent lymphatic vessels and no lymph sinuses

Answer 30

SPLEEN

Question 31

Type of capsule surrounding the spleen

Answer 31

FIBROMUSCULAR CAPSULE (dense connective tissue with smooth muscle)

Question 32

PALS consists of what type of cells?

Answer 32

T LYMPHOCYTES

Question 33

Site where blood–borne cells and particulate matter first contact the splenic parenchyma

Answer 33

TRANSITIONAL ZONE

Question 34

Arteries of the spleen when it enters in the red pulp, they become what structures? Characterized by having a tall endothelium resting on a basal lamina, but lacking an elastic interna

Answer 34

PENICILLIARY ARTERIES (or arteries of the red pulp)

Question 35

a characteristic thickening of walls of each penicillary artery when it branches upon entering the red pulp

Answer 35

ELLIPSOIDAL or SCHWEIGGER-SEIDEL SHEATH

Question 36

A theory of capillary circulation where Capillaries open directly into the spaces among the reticular cells of the splenic cords

Answer 36

OPEN CIRCULATION THEORY

Question 37

A theory of splenic circulation wherein Capillaries communicate directly with the lumen of the venous sinuses

Answer 37

CLOSED CIRCULATION THEORY

Question 38

A theory of splenic circulation where both types of circulation are present at the same time

Answer 38

COMPRISE THEORY

Question 39

Paired oval shaped bodies located in the oropharynx between the glossopalatine and pharyngopalaltine arches

Answer 39

PALATINE TONSILS

Question 40

L.E. of palatine tonsils

Answer 40

SSNKE

Question 41

Triggered when body tissues are injured

Answer 41

INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE (second line defense)

Question 42

Four cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 42

REDNESS HEAT SWELLING PAIN

Question 43

A characteristic of the immune system (third line of defense) which recognizes and acts against particular foreign substances

Answer 43

ANTIGEN SPECIFIC

Question 44

A characteristic of the immune system (third line of defense) wherein it is not restricted to the initial infection site

Answer 44

SYSTEMIC

Question 45

A characteristic of the immune system (third line of defense) which recognizes and mounts a stronger attack on previously encountered pathogens

Answer 45

MEMORY

Question 46

Type of immunity which is an Antibody-mediated immunity and Cells produce chemicals for defense

Answer 46

HUMORAL IMMUNITY

Question 47

Type of immunity which is Cell-mediated immunity and Cells target virus infected cells

Answer 47

CELLULAR IMMUNITY

Question 48

Any substance capable of exciting the immune system and provoking an immune response

Answer 48

ANTIGENS

Question 49

Occurs when Antibodies are obtained from someone else. An example of which is when it is Conferred naturally from a mother to her fetus

Answer 49

PASSIVE IMMUNITY