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HISTOLOGY > MODULE 7 : SPECIAL SENSES (book based) > Flashcards

MODULE 7 : SPECIAL SENSES (book based) Flashcards

(85 cards)

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0
Q

Anterior part of the sclera through which light rays enter the eye

A

CORNEA

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1
Q

Maintains rigidity of eyeball. “White” part of the eye

A

SCLERA

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2
Q

L.E. of cornea

A

SSKE

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3
Q

Three components of vascular layer

A

CHOROID, CILIARY BODY, IRIS

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4
Q

Densely pigmented layer. Contains numerous melanocytes which gives its distinct black color and blocks the light from entering except through the pupil

A

CHOROID

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5
Q

Contains the ciliary process and ciliary muscles

A

CILIARY BODY

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6
Q

Colored portion of the eye

A

IRIS

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7
Q

Innermost of the most posterior part of the eye

A

IRIS

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8
Q

Anterior region wherein the retina terminates. The non-photosensitive part of the retina.

A

ORA SERRATA

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9
Q

Soace located between the cornea, iris, and lens

A

ANTERIOR CHAMBER

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10
Q

Space situated between iris, cilary process, zonular fibers and lens

A

POSTERIOR CHAMBER

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11
Q

Posterior space behind the lens and zonular fibers. Surrounded by the retina

A

VITREOUS CHAMBER

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12
Q

Watery fluid produced by ciliary process

A

AQUEOUS HUMOR

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13
Q

Gelatinous substance produced which fills vitreous chamber

A

VITREOUS BODY

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14
Q

L.E. of external eyelid (epidermis)

A

SSE

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15
Q

L.E. and L.P. of palpebral conjunctiva (interior eyelid)

A

L.E. : low strat. columnar with goblet cells

L.P. : elastic & collagen fibers

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16
Q

A specialized sebaceous gland found in the tarsal of the internal eyelid

A

MEIBOMIAN GLANDS

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17
Q

Its secretion forms an oily layer that prevents evaporation of normal tear layer

A

TARSAL GLANDS

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18
Q

L.E. of Cornea

A

SSNKE

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19
Q

Corneal endothelium. Posterior surface of cornea

A

POSTERIOR EPITHELIUM

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20
Q

Junction between cornea and sclera (anterior region)

A

LIMBUS

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21
Q

Area of greatest visual acuity in the eye. A small, yellow pigmented spot seen in opthalmoscope

A

MACULA LUTEA

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22
Q

A shallow central depression which is devoid of rods and blood vessels. Has the highest concentration of cone cells.

A

FOVEA

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23
Q

“Blind spot” of the eye. The region where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball.

A

OPTIC PAPILLA

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24
Characteristics of Sclera
- AVASCULAR - TOUGH DCT - FLAT TYPE I COLLAGEN FIBERS
25
Characteristics of cornea
- COLORLESS - TRANSPARENT - COMPLETELY AVASCULAR
26
A clinical process where the cornea's shaped is changed to improve focus and vision
LASIK SURGERY (Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis)
27
Receives aqueous humor
SCLERAL VENOUS SINUS (Canal of Schlemm)
28
It allows the slow, continuous drainage of aqueous humor from the anterior cavity
TRABECULAR MESHWORK
29
Outer part of the choroid that is bound to sclera
SUPRACHOROIDAL LAMINA
30
Inner region of the choroid which is rich in microvasculature
CHORIOCAPILLARY LAMINA
31
A hyaline sheath which separates choriocapillary lamina from retina
BRUCH'S MEMBRANE
32
A condition where the drainage of the aqueous humor is impeded that results to an increase in intraocular pressure which affects the visual function that can lead to neuropathy
GLAUCOMA
33
Smooth muscle bundle in a circular array near the pupillary margin
SPHINCTER PUPILLAE MUSCLE (iris)
34
Composed of proteoglycans and Type IV collagen which serves as the attachment for zonular fibers
LENS CAPSULE
35
A process which permits focusing on near & far objects by changing the curvature of lens
ACCOMMODATION
36
Impairing of vision when areas of the lens become opaque or cloudy
CATARACT
37
Inner part of the retina which contains neurons and photoreceptors
NEURAL RETINA
38
Outer part of the retina which serves as an importany blood-retina barrier
PIGMENTED MEMBRANE
39
Produced by rod cells which is bleached by light and initiates visual stimulus
RHODOPSIN
40
Prduced by cone cells which has the maximal sensitivity to red, green and blue regions of the spectrum
IODOPSIN
41
Involves a cascade of changes in a cell when light hits & activates the retina
PHOTOTRANSDUCTION
42
An area of the retina where all of the layers of the retina are present
MACULA LUTEA
43
Caused by blindness in the center of visual field
AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
44
Covers the exposed anterior portion of the sclera.
CONJUNCTIVA
45
L.E. and L.P. of conjunctiva
L.E. : STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITH. | L.P. : LOOSE VASCULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
46
Striated muscle found in the internal eyelid
ORBICULARIS OCULI
47
A fibroelastic tissue which provides structural support for the eyelid
TARSUS
48
An infection usually caused by S. Aureus near the opening of the tarsal ducts
STYES
49
Gland type (characteristic) of Lacrimal Glands
TUBULO ALVEOLAR ACINI
50
Part of the ear which receives sound waves
EXTERNAL EAR
51
Part of the ear which converets Sound waves from fluid to nerve impulses (via acoustic nerve) to the CNS
INTERNAL EAR
52
Irregular, funnel shape composed of hyaline cartilage which directs sound waves into the ear
AURICLE / PINNA
53
L.E. External Acoustic Meatus
SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
54
Modified apocrine sweat glands found in the submucosa of ext. acoustic meatus
CERUMINOUS GLAND
55
An irregular part of the middle ear which is located between the tympanic membrane and the bony inner ear
TYMPANIC CAVITY
56
L.E. of Tympanic Cavity
L.E. : SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITH.
57
Tympanic Cavity is connected anteriorly to the pharynx via what structure?
EUSTACHIAN / PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE
58
Tympanic Cavity is connected posteriorly to what structure?
MASTOID CAVITY OF TEMPORAL BONE
59
Series of 3 small bones which connects the tympanic membrane to the oval window. Functions for mechanical vibration of sound
AUDITORY OSSICLES
60
3 bones of auditory ossicles
MALLEUS - "hammer" INCUS - "anvil" STAPES - "stirrup"
61
A part of membranous labyrinth which functions as for the sense of equilibrium
VESTIBULAR EQUILIBRIUM
62
A part of membranous labyrinth which functions for hearing
COCHLEAR LABYRINTH
63
Large areas of columnar sensory mechanoreceptors found in the internal ear
HAIR CELLS
64
Surrounds the cell bodies and processes of acoustic branch of CN VIII int he large spiral/cochlear ganglion
MODIOLUS
65
Fills the bony labyrinth
PERILYMPH
66
Fills the membranous labyrinth produced by stria vascularis
ENDOLYMPH
67
Type of hair cell with round basal ends surrounded by afferent terminal calyx
TYPE I HAIR CELLS
68
Type of hair cells with cylindrical and bouton endings
TYPE II HAIR CELLS
69
Composed of cadherin proteins which connects the tips of the stereocilia in hair cells
TIP LINKS
70
Type of hair cells which function for the angular movements of the head
CRISTAE AMPULLARES
71
Type of hair cells which function for the linear acceleration, gravity and tilt of the head
MACULAE OF THE SACCULES
72
Occurs when there is a problem in the vestibular system
VERTIGO
73
Opening at the apex of cochlea which functions for communication
HELICOTREMA
74
Separates cochlear duct from scala tympani
SPIRAL ORGAN OF CORTI
75
An area in the spiral organ of corti where tips of tallest stereocilia of outer hair cells are embedded
TENTORIAL MEMBRANE
76
A triangular shaped space between outer hair cells and inner hair cells
PILLAR CELLS
77
Directly supports both outer hair cells and inner hair cells in the spiral organ on corti
PHALANGEAL CELLS
78
A type of sound which conducts nearly only up to the end of cochlea, near helicotrema
LOW FREQUENCY SOUNDS
79
A type of sound which sound waves reach close to the oval window
HIGH FREQUENCY SOUNDS
80
A type of sound which sound waves displace spiral organ somewhere between the extremes
INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCIES
81
Type of deafness caused by problems usually int he middle ear which results to a lower conduction of vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS
82
A type of conductive hearing loss where there is a scar-like lesion in the body labyrinth near the stapes which inhibits its movement to the oval window
OTOSCLEROSIS
83
A type of conductive hearing loss commonly seen in young children which arises from upper respiratory tract infection and can reduce sound conduction due to fluid accumulation in that cavity
OTITIS MEDIA
84
Deafness which is congenital or acquired due to defects in any structure/cell (usually from cochlea to the auditory center in the brain)
SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS

HISTOLOGY (7 decks)

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