Module 3: Occupational Therapy Process

Question 1

It is the general process used in the delivery of occupational therapy services. It parallels the process used by other health-related professionals.

Answer 1

Occupational Therapy Process

Question 2

How can we describe the OT Process?

Answer 2

1. It is neither condition-based nor age-specific. It can be applied in any practice setting.

Question 3

What are the end goals of OT Process customization?

Answer 3

Supporting the client’s health and participation through engagement in occupations

Question 4

What is the center of OT practitioner services?

Answer 4

Occupation-centered

Question 5

The clear diagram that illustrates the starting points and final destinations of OT Process?

Answer 5

Occupational Therapy Process Map

Question 6

What is OTs’ competency in “map reading” reliant on?

Answer 6

On Professional Reasoning, used to calculate or recalculate the best routes for sound therapy decisions

Question 7

Why is it important for clients to “know where they are going”?

Answer 7

Clients will be able to actively and collaboratively participate in the process of engaging in occupations to support themselves better.

Question 8

What are the steps in Operationalizing the OT Process?

Answer 8

1. Evaluation
2. Intervention
3. Re-evaluation
4. Continuation of OT or Discontinuation of OT

Question 9

It is the systematic collection and analysis of data. Results and conclusions are used to plan and implement interventions.

Answer 9

Evaluation

Question 10

It is the implementation of actions.

Answer 10

Intervention

Question 11

Types of Reevaluations

Answer 11

1. Formal Reevaluation
2. Informal Reevaluation

Question 12

It compares the client’s data during evaluation with the client’s data after receiving intervention. Continuing or discontinuing interventions is decided on.

Answer 12

Formal Reevaluation

Question 13

Making decisions to continue or discontinue select interventions

Answer 13

Informal Reevaluation

Question 14

These are inherent in every phase of the process. The specifically identified results of planned therapy intervention.

Answer 14

Outcomes

Question 15

They provide the background that supports the OT Process map. They facilitate evidence-based practice.

Answer 15

Evidence

Question 16

Factors included in Evidence

Answer 16

1. Theory
2. Research
3. Therapist’s experience
4. Client’s preferences

Question 17

Frame of reference, conceptual model

Answer 17

Theory

Question 18

What is Theory used for?

Answer 18

Used to examine and explain the occuupational performance strengths and needs of each client

Important in the selection of assessment tools and interventions

Question 19

Why do the clients’ preferences need to be integrated into the OT process?

Answer 19

Preferences can significantly influence the outcomes. A disconnect between preferences with other factors redu

Question 20

What happens when there is a disconnect between evidence, client’s preferences, and process components?

Answer 20

The support that the client needs to gain maximum therapeutic benefit from therapy will be reduced.

Question 21

It is the beginning of the OT process.

Answer 21

Evaluation

Question 22

What data do OTs collect and analyze during the Evaluation stage?

Answer 22

Information about the client’s occupational performance

Question 23

Main components under the Evaluation stage?

Answer 23

1. Occupational profile
2. Analysis of occupational performance
3. Targeted outcomes

Question 24

Primary Question of Evaluation stage

Answer 24

Who is my client and does my client need OT services?

Question 25

It is a profile that provides a description and summary of information related to a client's history, resources, and performance. It is the collection and organization of subjective data about a client.

Answer 25

Occupational Profile

Question 26

It is to gather the client's perceptions about their occupations, related performance strengths and concerns. Perceptions may also be from client's family, peers, other important people.

Answer 26

Occupational history

Question 27

Information that describes the physical and social environments where client performs their preferred occupations.

Answer 27

Occupational contexts

Question 28

OTs need to know why clients are seeking services, what their concerns are, what occupations they need or want to perform. It is to know the outcomes client wants to attain.

Answer 28

Occupational goals

Question 29

It addresses the collection, organization, measurement, and synthesis of primarily objective data regarding the client’s occupational performance.

Answer 29

Occupational Performance Analysis

Question 30

Main components under Occupational Performance Analysis stage?

Answer 30

1. Organization of objective data 2. Synthesis of objective data

Question 31

How is objective data collected?

Answer 31

The client will first perform selected activities important to their occupation. Ideally, client will perform occupations in their usual manner, with their usual equipment, and in their usual settings. Ideal performance situation reflects client’s real life situation. Therapists also need to rely on valid and reliable assessment tools.

Question 32

What are needed to develop relevant targeted outcomes?

Answer 32

Well-defined problem statements and hypotheses Short-term goals and long-term goals

Question 33

How is Goal Establishment done?

Answer 33

In collaboration with the client

Question 34

How should goals be written?

Answer 34

They are written as objective, measurable statements with an identifiable time frame and predetermined objective methods to measure progress.

Question 35

What do STGs address?

Answer 35

Performance skills or body functions (strength, movement, actions, behaviors, etc.)

Question 36

What do LTGs address?

Answer 36

Performance of the client’s meaningful and important daily occupations

Question 37

It follows the Evaluation stage. Data collected during the prior stage serve as navigational information for determining the best therapeutic role for the planning and implementation of this stage’s services.

Answer 37

Intervention

Question 38

Main components of Intervention stage

Answer 38

1. Intervention plan 2. Intervention implementation

Question 39

Intervention stage Primary Question

Answer 39

What occupational therapy interventions can best help my client?

Question 40

It determines the selection of specific occupational therapy activities used to address the client’s targeted outcomes.

Answer 40

Intervention Plan

Question 41

Who collaborates with the therapist to determine the Intervention Plan?

Answer 41

The client

Question 42

What is considered in order to develop an intervention plan?

Answer 42

Client’s current occupational performance

Question 43

Categorizations of OT Interventions

Answer 43

1. Occupation-based intervention 2. Purposeful activity 3. Preparatory method

Question 44

This intervention focuses on the client engaging in client-directed occupations that match the client’s targeted outcomes.

Answer 44

Occupation-based Interventions

Question 45

This intervention involves specifically selected activities that allow clients to develop skills that enhance occupational performance. These interventions engage clients in practicing activities related to occupations versus performing their desired daily occupations.

Answer 45

Purposeful activities

Question 46

These are techniques used to prepare the client for or used concurrently with purposeful activities and occupation-based interventions.

Answer 46

Preparatory methods

Question 47

The process of carrying out the interventions and monitoring the client’s response.

Answer 47

Intervention Implementation

Question 48

What happens during Intervention Implementation?

Answer 48

The OT practitioner observes and examines the client’s performance while the client engages in the intervention. The practitioner then adjusts aspects of the intervention as needed to better accommodate or challenge the client’s occupational performance in order to achieve targeted outcomes.

Question 49

The targeted outcomes established during evaluation are assessed using the same measures employed during the initial evaluation.

Answer 49

Reevaluation

Question 50

Components of Reevaluation

Answer 50

1. Re- analysis of occupational performance 2. Review of targeted outcomes 3. Identify action

Question 51

Primary question of Reevaluation stage

Answer 51

How has occupational therapy affected my client’s occupational performance?

Question 52

Steps in Reanalysis of Occupational Performance

Answer 52

1. Measure and re-collect 2. Compare the data obtained during the original evaluation with the current data obtained during reevaluation.

Question 53

Why should we use the same measures during reevaluation that were used during the evaluation phase?

Answer 53

If we do not use the same measures, then we are not measuring comparable aspects of occupational performance.

Question 54

These are used to determine whether occupational therapy interventions achieved the intended targeted outcomes through goal attainment

Answer 54

Changes in occupational performance

Question 55

How is degree of goal attainment determined?

Answer 55

By comparing the client’s performance measured at evaluation with performance measured at reevaluation

Question 56

It is the achievement of intended targeted outcomes

Answer 56

Goal Attainment

Question 57

What is done to identify next appropriate actions?

Answer 57

Targeted outcomes and goals are reviewed and reevaluated

Question 58

After reevaluation, the therapist considers whether to continue therapy, refer the client to another service, or discontinue services

Answer 58

Action Identification

Question 59

This is justified when client is making progress toward the overall goals or if there is reason to believe alternate approaches might work to improve progress. New or altered targeted outcomes and goals may emerge as a result of the therapy process

Answer 59

Continuation of Services

Question 60

This is done when client has reached targeted outcomes or there is evidence to suggest that further intervention will not substantially improve occupational performance.

Answer 60

Discontinuation of Services

Question 61

Provided to client when therapy services are terminated

Answer 61

Aftercare or follow-up recommendations

Question 62

Why is it important to determine the “right time” for reevaluations?

Answer 62

If reevaluation occurs too early, a course of intervention may be prematurely considered unsuccessful because the client hasn’t had enough time to show change in performance. If reevaluation occurs too late, client may have already achieved a targeted outcome and progression in occupational performance is not continuing because outcomes, goals, and intervention plan have not been appropriately modified to accommodate positive change.

Question 63

What are essential in determining the attainment of targeted outcomes?

Answer 63

Measurable goals with identifiable time frames and predetermined objective methods to measure progress

Question 64

The all-encompassing goal of OT services

Answer 64

“Supporting health and participation in life through engagement in occupation”

Question 65

When are targeted outcomes revisited to address progress?

Answer 65

Reevaluation

Question 66

Primary question during Outcome: Continue or Discontinue stage

Answer 66

Does my client continue to need occupational therapy services?