Module 3 Study Guide Flashcards
(115 cards)
1
Q
Indentured Servant
A
Servants that signed a contract to work for 4-7 years, in exchange for passage to North America
2
Q
Puritans
A
Wanted to break away from the Angelican Church
3
Q
When did the Great Migration occur?
A
Between 1629 and 1640
4
Q
Great Migration
A
1000s of people left England
5
Q
What religious group was known as the “Society of Friends”
A
Quakers
6
Q
What did the Quakers support?
A
Nonviolence, religious tolerance
7
Q
What was the largest group in New Jersey?
A
Quakers
8
Q
When was the English Bill of Rights signed?
A
1689
9
Q
What was the result of documents such as the English Bill of Rights and the Magna Carta?
A
The British Monarchs had their power limited
10
Q
When did the Great Awakening take place?
A
1730s and 1740s
11
Q
When did the Enlightenment period take place?
A
Late 1600s and the 1700s
12
Q
What did the Enlightenment promote?
A
Logic and Reason
13
Q
Who came up with the Albany Plan of Union?
A
Benjamin Franklin
14
Q
From where were many of the ideas for the Albany Plan of Union taken?
A
The Iroquois League
15
Q
Salutory Neglect by the British occurred until when?
A
French and Indian War, 1763
16
Q
What were the three sections of the English colonies?
A
- Chesapeake/Southern Colonies
- Middle Colonies
- New England Colonies
17
Q
What did the economy of the Southern Colonies depend on?
A
Agriculture
18
Q
What did the economy of the Middle Colonies depend on?
A
Craftsmanship and Banking
19
Q
What did the economy of the New England colonies depend on?
A
Fishing, shipbuilding, lumber, trading
20
Q
Describe the Society of the Southern Colonies
A
- Forced-labor society
- Large social gaps between rich and poor
21
Q
Describe the Society of the Middle Colonies
A
- Lots of Quakers
- Diverse Population
22
Q
What are the two names given to Philadelphia?
A
Failed “Holy Experiment” and City of Brotherly Love
23
Q
Describe the Society of the New England Colonies
A
- Very religious - Pilgrims and Puritans
- Superstitious - Salem Witch Trials
- Mandatory schooling
- Lots of families
24
Q
When did Sir Walter Raleigh found the colony on Roanoke?
A
1585
25
When did John White adventure to the Carolinas?
1587
26
When the colony on Roanoke was returned to, what had happened?
It had vanished
27
Who was the first person of English descendance to be born in the colonies?
Virginia Dare
28
What joint stock company founded the colony of Jamestown?
The Virginia Company
29
The Virginia Company founded what colony?
Jamestown
30
When was the House of Burgesses founded?
1619
31
What British citizen improved relationships with Natives and improved life in North Carolina?
John Smith
32
Who improved the economy of the colonies by bringing tobacco, which was traded for economic profit?
John Ralph
33
When was the Petition of Rights signed?
1628
34
When was the English Bill of Rights signed?
1689
35
What king signed the English Bill of Rights into effect?
King William III
36
What document, also signed in the 1600's, came before the English Bill of Rights, and granted limited freedoms to English Citizens?
The Petition of Rights
37
What document stated that only the English Parliament, and not the King, could tax English citizens?
The Petition of Rights
38
What topics were included in the English Bill of Rights?
1. Citizens had the right to bear arms
2. Citizens had the right to trial by jury
39
What court case exemplified the right to freedom of the press?
The Zenger Trial
40
What group signed the Mayflower Compact?
The Pilgrims
41
When did the Pilgrims make their voyage across the Atlantic?
September - November 1620
42
Where did the Pilgrims land when they arrived in the New World?
Plymouth, Massachusetts
43
What type of government was the Mayflower Compact an example of?
Self-government
44
What religious group settled in Pennsylvania?
The Quakers
44
Why was the Mayflower Compact necessary?
Some of the voyagers on the ship spoke of breaking off from the others when they arrived
45
Who founded the colony of Pennsylvania?
William Penn
46
Who led the Puritans to religious freedom?
John Winthrop
47
Where did John Winthrop settle?
Massachusetts
48
Where did (most) witch trials in the 1600's take place?
Salem, Massachusetts
49
When did the Salem witch trials take place?
1692
50
What colony did Anne Hutchinson found?
Rhode Island
51
Why was Anne Hutchinson exiled?
She proposed religious ideas that church leaders found alarming
52
When did Bacon's Rebellion take place?
1670's
53
Who was the leader of Bacon's Rebellion?
Nathaniel Bacon
54
Where did Bacon's Rebellion take place?
Virginia
55
What government was overthrown during Bacon's Rebellion?
The House of Burgesses
56
During Bacon's Rebellion, what Governor conflicted with citizens over their violent actions against the Native Americans?
Governor Berkeley
57
What were slave codes?
Laws to control slaves
58
Who does most information about slave living conditions come from?
Olaudah Equiano
59
What is mercantilism?
The process by which wealth is controlled by controlling trade
60
In the system of mercantilism, how does an entity make more money?
Higher exports, lower imports
61
Before the French and Indian War, what did the British NOT do for the English Colonies?
1. Enforce Laws
2. Run Government
62
When did the Great Awakening take place?
1730's - 1740's
63
In the 1600's, what discoveries allowed for the beginning of the Enlightenment period?
Discovery of Natural Laws
64
What was the Great Awakening centered around?
Religion
65
Who was the French and Indian War fought between?
French and Native Americans vs. English
66
English Colonists proposed to develop what union, to fight in the French and Indian war?
The Albany Union
67
Were colonists and the British Government in favor of the Albany Plan of Union?
NO
68
When was the Treaty of Paris signed?
1763
69
In 1763 (Treaty of Paris,) what land did the British gain from the Spanish?
Florida
70
In 1763 (Treaty of Paris,) what land did the British gain from the French?
All French land east of the Mississippi
71
Who founded Georgia?
James Oglethorpe
72
When was Georgia founded, and what were the two purposes of its founding?
1732
1. Refuge for debtors
2. Buffer between English and Spanish
73
Pontiac's Rebellion
Natives Americans captured British forts, after English settlers went too far west into their territory
74
What was the Proclamation of 1763?
The king declared that settlers could not settle past the Appalachian Mountains
75
What three actions taken by John Smith improved life in the Jamestown?
1. Building a fort
2. Rewarding hard work with more food and better housing
3. Forming a strong relationship with the Native Americans
76
What two events led to a conflict between Jamestown settlers and the Natives?
1. Native Americans attacked Jamestown after the arrival of 400 new settlers.
2. Colonists killed Powhatan leader
77
When did Jamestown settlers start a war with natives after killing one of their leaders?
1622
78
When/Why was the Virginia Company charter cancelled?
1624, Because it failed to protect colonists from attacks by Native Americans
79
What happened to Virginia after the Virginia Company charter was cancelled?
Virginia became a Royal Colony
80
Who requested the Charter to found Maryland, and when did they do so?
George Calvert, 1620's
81
Who, in 1632, was finally issued the Charter that his father had wanted, to start Maryland?
Cecilius Calvert
82
What was the first colony to promote religious tolerance?
Maryland
83
What group found religious tolerance in Maryland?
English Catholics
84
What act was passed by Lord Baltimore as a way to lessen tensions between Catholics and Protestants in Maryland?
The Toleration Act of 1649
85
What did the Toleration Act of 1649 do?
1. Make it illegal to limit the religious rights of Christians
2. Show that the government wanted to offer citizens some religious freedom
86
Why did the plan of James Oglethorpe fail?
People were not interested in moving to Georgia to start new lives
87
When was Georgia made into a British Colony?
1752
88
What was the purpose of slave codes?
To control slaves and prevent them from revolting
89
Why were the Pilgrims exiled from Britain?
They were Protestants who wished to be free of the Church of England
90
Before setting sail for the America's, where had the Pilgrims attempted to live?
The Netherlands
91
Why were the Pilgrims unwilling to remain in the Netherlands?
They feared that future generations would forget the traditions of their ancestors
92
The joint-stock company formed between the Pilgrims and a collection of merchants was given a charter by the English government to settle where?
Virginia
93
When was the Mayflower Compact signed?
November 21, 1620
94
What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?
It was one of the first attempts of self-government in the English colonies
95
Describe the relationship between the Pilgrims and the Native Americans
Positive, Native Americans taught colonists how to improve farming
96
Who are the three main Native Americans associated with the Pilgrims?
1. Samoset - Introduced the Natives to Pilgrims
2. Tisquantum (Squanto) - Taught Pilgrims how to fertilize soil with fish remains
3. Chief Massasoit - Wampanoag chief, attended the "First Thanksgiving"
97
When did the "First Thanksgiving" take place?
In the fall of 1621
98
Who could vote in Puritan communities?
Male church members
99
What conflict emerged between New England colonists and the natives?
1. Wampanoag tribe believed no one could own land
2. Colonists believed that they owned any land they found
3. Colonists believed that the natives should have to leave any land claimed by colonists
100
What types of craftsmen helped the economy of the Middle Colonies to succeed?
1. Blacksmiths
2. Carpenters
101
Why were children in Massachusetts taught to read?
So they could read the Bible and other church materials
102
How did William Penn limit his own power?
By establishing an elected assembly
103
What was the original government of Pennsylvania?
A representative democracy
104
What were "staple crops?"
Crops that were always needed
Examples: Wheat, barley, and oats
105
How were the colonial governments organized?
British Monarch --> Charter --> Governor --> Advisory counsel
106
How did the Navigation Acts support the system of mercantilism?
1. By giving Britain greater control of the economy
2. The colonies could only trade with Britain
3. There was a tax added to the trade of all goods
107
What fort was built by George Washington?
Fort Necessity
108
What was the purpose of Fort Necessity?
Help the British in a standoff against the French, in the Ohio River Valley
109
What became of Fort Necessity?
1. It failed
2. Most of the British soldiers died
3. George Washington surrendered to the French
110
What was another name for King Philip?
Metacomet
111
What man, chosen by the king, was in charge in Royal colonies?
The Royal Governor
112
What group of people were in charge of proprietary colonies?
Proprietors
113
When did the French and Indian War begin?
1754
114
Who was the Wampanoag tribe leader that fought in the French and Indian War, because settlers were taking the land of his people?
Metacom, also known as King Philip
