Module 4

Question 1

What is a good genetic organism?

Answer 1

Fast-growing, easy to maintain, easy to mate and relatively simple.

Question 1

What does CRISPR stand for?

Answer 1

Clustered Regulation Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats

Question 2

How does CRISPR edit DNA?

Answer 2

Synthetic guide finds target molecule, cuts off, replaced by healthy copy

Question 3

What is saccharomyces cerevisiae?

Answer 3

Yeast

Question 4

What is yeasted used for?

Answer 4

Studying gene interactions and finding mutate genes

Question 5

What is Caenorhabditis elegans?

Answer 5

A little worm thing

Question 6

What is Caenorhabditis elegans used for?

Answer 6

Model development, RNA interference,

Question 7

What is the fruit fly used for?

Answer 7

Fundamental aspects of development and HOX genes.

Question 8

What is Danio Rerio used for?

Answer 8

Development of eye and model for human disease.

Question 9

What are mice used for?

Answer 9

Genetic basis of skin colour, testing carcinogen, and model for mammalian development

Question 10

What is forward genetics?

Answer 10

genetic mapping

Question 11

What is reverse genetics?

Answer 11

Genes to plants

Question 12

What is EMS?

Answer 12

Eythl methanesulfonate

Question 13

What do we do with EMS?

Answer 13

Feed flies and worms, treat seeds, analyse phenotypes of M2 generations etc

Question 14

What is insertional mutagenesis?

Answer 14

Plasmid is removed from a bacterium, T-DNA is cut by restriction enzyme, foreign DNA is cut, foreign DNA is inserted, plasmid reinstated into a bacterium

Question 15

What does insertional mutagenesis do?

Answer 15

The foreign DNA is inserted into replicated, a plant is born with this DNA

Question 16

What is an allele?

Answer 16

Forms of genes at a given locus on a chromosome

Question 17

What does epistatic mean?

Answer 17

One gene is modified by the expression of another

Question 18

Gene for flower colour and pollen length linked or unlinked?

Answer 18

Linked

Question 19

What is coupling recombination and repulsion recombination?

Answer 19

coupling - A-B, a-b
Repulsion - A-B, a-b

Question 20

Is recombination a rare event?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

How does recombination rates help creating genetic map?

Answer 21

If there is 18% recombination rate, the distance can be expressed at 18 map units.

Question 22

How to calculate map distance?

Answer 22

Number of recombinants/ total

Question 23

What is cross over interference?

Answer 23

One cross over event that may prevent another from occurring nearby (<20cM)

Question 24

What is I=1-c?

Answer 24

c=obs freq of doc/exp are of dco

Question 25

What is association mapping?

Answer 25

Replies on population history

Question 26

What is qualitative traits?

Answer 26

Simple inheritance patterns e.g. red or white flowers

Question 27

What is quantitative traits?

Answer 27

Complex inheritance patterns e.g. height in people

Question 28

Complex inheritance facts

Answer 28

Repsond to selection, statistical methods used,

Question 29

What are environmental effects?

Answer 29

Changes in environment/microenvironment

Question 30

How do we calculate represented as deviations from population mean?

Answer 30

T=u+g+e u=pop mean g=deviation from mean due to genetic factors e=deviation from mean due to environmental factors

Question 31

What is Vt=Vg+ve

Answer 31

Vt= total phenotypic variance vg=genetic variance Ve=environmental variance

Question 32

To estimate average variances of two parental populations

Answer 32

Ve=(Va+Vb+Vf1)/3

Question 33

Finish calculations in lecture 23

Question 34

What is a locus?

Answer 34

Genes position on a chromosome

Question 35

Lecture 24?