Module 5 Lecture Review

Question 1

the penile urethra runs…

Answer 1

within the corpus spongiosum

Question 2

during oogenesis, the corona radiata starts to form at this level of follicular developmen?

Answer 2

secondary follicle

Question 3

the secondary oocyte is contained within the

Answer 3

mature (Graafian) follicle

Question 4

which one of the following describes the fetal portion of the placenta?

Answer 4

section of the chorion that has chorionic villi on its surface

Question 5

True or false: the fetal period only spans the second and third trimesters

Answer 5

false; includes final 4 weeks of 1st trimester (9-12)

Question 6

which of the following is not a component of the uterine tube?
fimbriae
ampulla
fundus
infundibulum

Answer 6

fundus

Question 7

the primitive gastrointestinal tract is formed by the…

Answer 7

endoderm

Question 8

the primitive ectoderm is formed by the…

Answer 8

epiblast

Question 9

testosterone is produced in…

Answer 9

leydig cells

Question 10

which one of the following terms refers to two identical daughter cells produced by the first division of the zygote?

Answer 10

blastomeres

Question 11

corpus cavernosum

Answer 11

paired erectile tissue on the dorsal side of the penis

Question 12

corpous spongiosum

Answer 12

erectile tissue on the ventral side of the penis that contains the spongy urethra

Question 13

primordial follicle

Answer 13

contains primary oocyte
single layer of stromal/follicular cells around oocyte

Question 14

primary follicle

Answer 14

contains primary oocyte
multi-layer protection

Question 15

secondary follicle

Answer 15

contains primary oocyte
corona radiata forms on surface to interact with sperm

Question 16

mature (graafian) follicle

Answer 16

contains secondary oocyte

Question 17

on day 3 of embryonic development, blastomeres replicate to form a 16-cell complex called the ____

Answer 17

morula

Question 18

gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Answer 18

released by hypothalamus to increase FSH and LH secretion

Question 19

follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 19

released by anterior pituitary gland to promote follicular growth and maturation
- highest during follicular phase

Question 20

luteinizing hormone

Answer 20

released by anterior pituitary gland to cause luteinization following follicle rupture
- highest near ovulation, end of follicular phase

Question 21

estrogen

Answer 21

released by ovarian follicle to promote development of secondary sex characteristics and uterine lining
- highest during follicular phase

Question 22

progesterone

Answer 22

released by corpus luteum to prepare for and support pregnancy
- highest during luteal phase

Question 23

a secondary spermatocyte has ___ chromosomes and is formed by ____

Answer 23

23; meiosis 1

Question 24

a spermatid has ___ chromosomes and is formed by _____

Answer 24

23; meiosis 2

Question 25

a secondary spermatocyte undergoes ________ to produce __ spermatids

Answer 25

meiosis 2; 2

Question 26

the hormone that is detected urine pregnancy tests

Answer 26

human chorionic gonadotropin hormone

Question 27

a secondary oocyte contains ___ chromosomes and is formed by ______

Answer 27

23; meiosis 1

Question 28

in oogenesis, the 1st polar body is formed alongside the ______

Answer 28

secondary oocyte

Question 29

Day 7-12 of embryonic development

Answer 29

implantation into uterine wall

Question 30

Day 5-6 of fertilization

Answer 30

blastocyst forms

Question 31

2 regions of blastocyst

Answer 31

Embryoblast - inner cell mass Trophoblast - outer cell mass

Question 32

Embryoblast differentiates into (bilaminar embryo)

Answer 32

Epiblast - upper layer Hypoblast - inner layer; precursor of endoderm

Question 33

Amnion

Answer 33

epiblast cells on top - regulate fetal body temperature - shock absorption - adhesion and movement

Question 34

Epiblast cells on bottom become _____

Answer 34

primitive ectoderm

Question 35

Primitive yolk sac

Answer 35

between layers of hypoblast cells

Question 36

Hypoblast cells on bottom

Answer 36

exocoelmic membrane

Question 37

Hypoblast cells on top

Answer 37

precursor to primitive endoderm

Question 38

Function of chorion

Answer 38

secretes hCG, placenta formation, and immune role (protein secretion and T cell production)

Question 39

layers of the chorion and their functons

Answer 39

cytotrophoblast - placenta formation syncytiotrophoblast - secretes hCH hormone

Question 40

trilaminar embryo

Answer 40

ectoderm (formed by epiblast) mesoderm endoderm (formed by hypoblast)

Question 41

Gastrulation

Answer 41

the change from bilaminar embryo to trilaminar

Question 42

Ectoderm becomes

Answer 42

epidermis central and peripheral nervous system (neural tube and neural crest cells)

Question 43

Mesoderm becomes

Answer 43

skeletal muscle dermis connective tissue

Question 44

Endoderm becomes

Answer 44

GI tract glandular tissue

Question 45

decidua

Answer 45

the endometrium following implantation

Question 46

maternal placenta

Answer 46

formed from decidua basalis

Question 47

fetal placenta

Answer 47

area of chorion that has chorionic villi

Question 48

fetal period of pregnancy

Answer 48

weeks 9-38

Question 49

second trimester

Answer 49

weeks 13-27

Question 50

first trimester

Answer 50

weeks 1-12

Question 51

third trimester

Answer 51

28-40

Question 52

week 9-12

Answer 52

liver is formed urine is formed sex is distinguishable

Question 53

week 13-16

Answer 53

organs (kidneys) are formed heartbeat detected with stethoscope GI tract glands develop

Question 54

week 17-20

Answer 54

eyebrows and scalp hair vernix caseosa secreted to protect fetal skin limb development

Question 55

Ferguson reflex

Answer 55

the strong urge of mothers to push during birth, caused by the positive feedback mechanism of labor

Question 56

prolactin

Answer 56

hormone that supports milk synthesis

Question 57

oxytocin

Answer 57

hormone that supports milk ejection