Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSY midterm 2 > Module 6 States of consciousness > Flashcards

Module 6 States of consciousness Flashcards

1
Q

Split brain

A

A type of surgery that cuts the connections between the two hemispheres of the brain to reduce frequency and severity of seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Corpus callosum

A

large band of axons that connect the two hemispheres of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hemispheric specialization

A

Refers to the idea that the two hemispheres in your brain (right and left) have differing functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Conscious content

A

The subjective experiences of your internal and external world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

States of consciousness

A

Refers to the different levels of arousal and attention an individual can experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Attention

A

The process of selecting information from the internal and external environments to prioritize for processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Passive attention

A

Occurs when the attentional priorities are set by bottom up information from the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Active attention

A

Occurs when attentional priorities are set by the top down goals of an individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Difficulties associated with studying attention in laboratory

A

Attention is often directed to based on the instructions provided by experimenter, in the real world attention is often directed by an individuals goals, expertise and state of mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Selective attention

A

A form of attention that occurs when a person attends to some information while ignoring other information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Stimulus salience

A

Refers to the idea that some stimuli in the environment capture attention by virtues of there physical properties (brightness of a colour, loudness of sound, etc) refers to bottom up qualities of a scene that influence attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Attentional Capture

A

Occurs when attention is diverted because of the salience of a stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cocktail party effect

A

Describes a situation with selective attention, at a party a person can be engaged in a conversation and supress and ignore all the other information and stimuli around them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dichotic listening task

A

An attention task where one stream of information is presented to one ear and a different message is played in the other, participant is asked to only attend one message and is later asked about the unattended message

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Divided attention

A

Occurs when a person engages in two or more tasks at once

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Automaticity

A

refers to fast effortless processing of information without conscious thought

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Accident rate when driving with the use of cell phone vs without

A

4 times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Inattentional blindness

A

Refers to the tendency to miss changes to some kins of information when your attention is engaged elsewhere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Flicker task

A

A change attention task used to study intentional change detection and inattentional blindness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Intentional change detection

A

An attention task that requires the participant to actively search for a change made to the stimulus. Used to measure change detection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Inhibition

A

The process of actively reducing processing of some information while the brain attends to a specific task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Subliminal stimulus

A

A sensory stimulus that is processed, but does not reach the threshold for conscious perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Subconscious processing

A

Occurs when we are aware of information from the environment but are not aware that it is influencing our behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Subvisual messages

A

Visual images that are presented too quickly for the brain to perceive in conscious awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Subaudible messages

A

Auditory messages that are played too quietly or in such a way that the brain cannot be consciously aware of the content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Symptom of attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity disorder

A

difficulty focusing on a task, sitting still for prolonged periods of time, impulsivity, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Fatal familial insomnia

A

Rare, genetic disorder affecting the thalamus, that causes individuals to die from lack of sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

Device that measures sum of electrical activation across the surface of the cortex - common practice of this device is to further the understanding and study of sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Electrooculogram

A

Device used to measure eye movements during sleep - used to further the understanding and study of sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Electromyogram

A

Device used to measure the muscle tension around the jaw - device associated with sleep measurement

31
Q

Beta waves

A

irregular mostly low amplitude brain waves that appear on an EEG when a person is alert and actively processing information, they also appear during REM sleep waves are desynchronized and erratic reflecting the different neural circuits all processing in the brain

32
Q

Alpha waves

A

Occur when a person is quietly resting and not doing any rigorous thinking most common occurrence of alpha waves is when a person is relaxed

33
Q

Theta waves

A

The waves that appear on an EEG when a person is deeply relaxed or falling asleep

34
Q

Sleep Spindles

A

Brief bursts of activity that occur 2-5 times per minute occurring during non rem sleep

35
Q

K complexes

A

A pattern of neural excitation followed by neural inhibition occurring during stage 2 sleep. Often triggered by unexpected noises

36
Q

Delta wave

A

Brain waves that appear on an EEG when a person is deeply asleep these waves occur during stages 3-4 also known as slow wave sleep

37
Q

Slow wave sleep

A

A broader name for sleep occurring in stage 3-4 During this stage recordings on EEG show delta waves

38
Q

Rapid eye movement

A

A stage of sleep where narrative based dreaming occurs, during this stage EEG recordings become highly irregular and the sleeping persons eyes will move from side to side rapidly. Beta and theta waves are often common during this stage of sleep

39
Q

Hypnogram

A

A graphic depiction of a persons progress through the stages of sleep over the course of a night

40
Q

Waves associated with respective sleep stages (Stage 1, stage 2, slow wave sleep, REM)

A

Theta waves begin in Stage 1 as brain activity begins to synchronize, followed by sleep spindles and K-complexes in Stage 2. Delta activity is characteristic of slow-wave sleep, with REM returning to desynchronized theta activity with additional blood flow to the visual association cortex

41
Q

Why is sleep such a critical component for human function

A

sleep is important for normal cognitive functioning

42
Q

Function of slow wave sleep

A

restoring the brain rather than the rest of the body

43
Q

Activation synthesis hypothesis

A

A hypothesis about dreaming that suggests that dreams do not serve a purpose, but rather are the consequence of other processes that occur during sleep

44
Q

Evolutionary dream hypothesis

A

A hypothesis about dreaming that suggest dreams have biological significance

45
Q

Name of two major sleep disorders

A

dyssomnias, refer to problems with the quality of sleep. Parasomnias, by contrast, are disturbances that occur during sleep.

46
Q

Insomnia

A

Inability to fall or stay asleep

47
Q

Sleep hygiene

A

Behavior’s and practice’s that promote the ability to fall and stay asleep

48
Q

Conditioned insomnia

A

A form of insomnia that occurs when cues that are usually associated with falling asleep like you bed instead cause feeling’s of anxiety surrounding the inability to fall asleep

49
Q

idiopathic insomnia

A

Child onset insomnia - begins in childhood carries into adulthood. Cause unknown far more resistant type of insomnia

50
Q

Hypersomnia

A

A symptom of several different conditions and generally refers to excessive need for sleep or sleepiness in the daytime hours

51
Q

Sleep apnea

A

Medical condition where patient stops breathing during the night, carbon dioxide builds up in blood stream causing patient to wake

52
Q

CPAP machine

A

treatment method for sleep apnea patients which pushes pressurized air through airway

53
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Neurodegenerative disorder characterized as the sudden need to sleep, these sleep attacks can last anywhere from a few seconds to a few minutes

54
Q

Cataplexy

A

Most commonly associated with narcolepsy, experience of muscular paralysis and weakness during waking ours

55
Q

Hypnagogic vs Hypnopompic hallucination

A

Vivid sensory that occur before the onset of sleep and Vivid sensory that occur right before the waking

56
Q

REM Sleep disorder

A

neurodegenerative disorder causing brain to paralyze the body during sleep

57
Q

Night terrors cause

A

disorder of slow wave sleep

58
Q

Somnambulism

A

Sleepwalking or SWS

59
Q

Biological clocks

A

internal clocks that prepare the body for daily seasonal and annual rhythms

60
Q

Circadian rhythms

A

Daily clocks that tell the body when to sleep and wake

61
Q

Zeitgebers

A

Cues from environment that set the biological clocks

62
Q

jet leg

A

occurs when you travel to different time zone and body is out of sync

63
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

structure in the brain next to the optic chiasm that sets the bodies circadian clock

64
Q

Depressants vs Stimulants

A

Depressants slow or depress arousal of CNS whereas stimulants increase activity of nervous system

65
Q

Glutamate

A

neurotransmitter that often creates excitatory effects in nervous system

66
Q

GABA

A

neurotransmitter that often creates inhibitory effects of nervous system

67
Q

barbiturates

A

group of drugs that cause sedation and induce sleep used historically to treat anxiety

68
Q

benzodiazepine

A

group of drugs primarily used for treating anxiety known for being fast acting and addictive

69
Q

Stimulants

A

drugs that increase activity of nervous system common stimulants include caffeine nicotine cocaine and amphetamines

70
Q

adenosine

A

inhibitory neurotransmitter that creates inhibitory effects on brain

71
Q

acetylcholine

A

neurotransmitter that often creates an excitatory effect in the brain

72
Q

synesthesia

A

side effect associated with the use of psychedelic drugs whereby patients report the merging of sences

73
Q
A

PSY midterm 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions