MODULE 7

Question 1

Ketone bodies identify three intermediate
products of fatty acid metabolism

Answer 1

-Acetone,
-Diacetic acid/Acetoacetic acid, &
-Beta-hydroxybutyrate

Question 2

End products of fatty acid metabolism

Answer 2

CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER

Question 3

The average distribution of ketones in serum & urine:
Beta-hydroxybutyrate

Answer 3

78%

Question 4

The average distribution of ketones in serum & urine:
Acetoacetate

Answer 4

20%

Question 5

The average distribution of ketones in serum & urine:
Acetone

Answer 5

2%

Question 6

first ketone body formed

Answer 6

acetoacetate

Question 7

ketone body of greatest
average concentration d

Answer 7

● Beta-hydroxybutyrate -

Question 8

Acetocetic Acid (Diacetic Acid)

Answer 8

most toxic

Question 9

Progressive diabetic
ketosis

Answer 9

cause of diabetic acidosis which can eventually lead to
coma & death

Question 10

Causes of Ketonuria:

Answer 10

• Inability to utilize available carbohydrates in Diabetes
  mellitus
• Insufficient carbohydrate consumption
  -Starvation
  -Diet regimens
• Alcoholism
• Severe exercise
• Exposure
  -Acute febrile illnesses in children
• Loss of carbohydrates
  -Frequent vomiting (pregnancy)
• Defective renal reabsorption (Fanconi’s syndrome)
  -Digestive disturbances

Question 11

• Before the development of
  the nitroprusside test, ___ (Gerhardt’s test,
  1865) was used to detect ketones

Answer 11

Ferric Chloride Test (1865)

Question 12

The search for a more specific
& sensitive method for ketone detection resulted in the __

Answer 12

Nitroprusside Test (1883)

Question 13

A modified test for
nitroprusside. Although the test is no longer performed
routinely in clinical laboratories.

Answer 13

Rothera’s Tube Test (1908)

Question 14

Acetest tablet consists
of___

Answer 14

sodium nitroprusside, glycine and an alkaline buffer.

Question 15

indicates
presence of acetoacetate or acetone (> 5mg/dl)

Answer 15

purple lavender discoloration

Question 16

Rothera’s Test
● Nitroprusside in an alkaline medium reacts with a ketone
group to form a _____

Answer 16

purple ring.

Question 17

Acetoacetic acid and acetone both formed a purple
coloured ring complex with sodium nitroprusside in an
alkaline environment

Answer 17

-Ferro-penta cyanine
complex

Question 17

Removal of acetone and acetoacetic acid by boiling and the
reaction of the remaining beta-hydroxybutyric acid with
hydrogen peroxide.

Answer 17

harts test

Question 18

Why is harts test not commonly performed?

Answer 18

due to the dangerous fumes

Question 19

grams needed in rothera test reagent

Answer 19

0.5

Question 19

Procedure of acetest

Answer 19

place acetest tablet on white paper or filter paper
one drop of urine
wait for 30 seconds observe in color chart

Question 20

W\hat color is produced when acetone is present in Rother test

Answer 20

reddish-purplish ring

Question 21

In Rothera test, overlay solution with

Answer 21

1mL ammonium hydroxide

Question 22

narrow purple ring reports as

Answer 22

2+

Question 23

wide dark purple ring produces

Answer 23

4+

Question 24

what should be avoided that can destroy purple ring

Answer 24

agitation test

Question 25

is a pulverized sodium nitroprusside crystals and ammonium sulfate.

Answer 25

Rothera reagent

Question 26

Components of Rothera’s reagent:

Answer 26

Ammonium sulphate crystals 2% sodium nitroprusside Liquor ammonia (ammonium sol’n)

Question 27

indicates the presence of ketone bodies in urine.

Answer 27

purple colored ring

Question 28

Renal treshold in Ketone bodies

Answer 28

3mg/dL

Question 29

Gerhard test Postive color:

Answer 29

bordeaux red

Question 30

B-hydroxybutyric acid is converted to acetoacetic acid by removing its____

Answer 30

B-hydroxybutyric acid is converted to acetoacetic acid by removing its carbon dioxide.