Module 7

Question 1

Cation electrolytes

Answer 1

Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium
positively charged ions

Question 2

Anion

Answer 2

Bicarbonate
Chloride
Phosphorus
Negatively charged ions

Question 3

Non-electrolytes

Answer 3

Salutes with no electrical charge
Glucose
Urea

Question 4

How much percentage of the body does extracellular fluids and intercellular fluid to make

Answer 4

60%
Extracellular equals 15%
Extra cellular fluid equals 45%

Question 5

What is the percentage of solids in the body?

Answer 5

40%

Question 6

Extracellular fluid includes

Answer 6

Plasma,
blood (mostly )
Vascular space
Fluid around cells

Question 7

Intercellular fluid has more electrolytes because

Answer 7

It uses osmosis and pulls the water towards the salt as it is more electrolyte rich

Question 8

Osmosis

Answer 8

Water from a high concentration to low concentration
Pulls towards the salty side

Question 9

Active transport

Answer 9

(ATP) the movement of molecules against a concentration gradient with the help of energy

Question 10

Filtration

Answer 10

Movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane through protein channels
Example kidney in blood

Question 11

Diffusion

Answer 11

Area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 12

Hypertonic solution

Answer 12

Cell shrinks
Increased osmotic pressure to NBF

Question 13

Hypotonic solution

Answer 13

Cell swells
Decreased osmotic pressure to nbf

Question 14

Isotonic solution

Answer 14

Cell stays same size
Same osmotic pressure to NBF

Question 15

Isotonic examples

Answer 15

Ringers lactate
Normal saline
DW5 ( becomes hypertonic after)

Question 16

What is normal saline made out of

Answer 16

0.9%, sodium chloride in water.

Question 17

Normal saline PH

Answer 17

5.5.
Becomes 7.2 after respiration.

Question 18

PH of lactated ringers

Answer 18

6.5.

Question 19

Crystalloids

Answer 19

Can’t carry oxygen
Dissolved crystals
Best choice for body fluid replacement
Small molecules

Question 20

Collids 1:1

Answer 20

Very high osmolary/ Collid onocotic pressure
Reduce edema
Large moles

Question 21

Micro drip

Answer 21

60 drops per 1 ml

Question 22

Marcodrip

Answer 22

10/15/20 droop per set

Question 23

What angle do you put an IV in at

Answer 23

45 degrees

Question 24

Iv contradications

Answer 24

Avoid joints
Avoid valves
Mastectomy
Dialysis fistula ( artery and veins fushed together)
Trauma
Burn
Injury

Question 25

Iv complications

Answer 25

Air embolism Necrosis Catheter, sheer Pain Infection Thrombosis

Question 26

Iv sizes

Answer 26

Orange 14 Gray 16 Green 18 Pink 20 Blue, 22 Yellow, 24 Purple 26

Question 27

Infiltration

Answer 27

The escape of fluid

Question 28

Drip rates

Answer 28

Volume x dropset divided time ( mins)

Question 29

Flow rate Plus what reasses

Answer 29

20ml/ kg (max 3 times for fluid ) Or until map of 65 If you hear crackles in the lungs Reassess every 250 Or return the peripheral pulses

Question 30

I/O contraindications

Answer 30

Fractures Burns Infection Trauma Osteogenesis Imperfecta (brittle bone )

Question 31

Three spots of io

Answer 31

Humoral Proximal tibia Distal tibia

Question 32

Io. Confirmation.

Answer 32

Catheter firm and doesn’t move Blood marrow is aspirated Blood in catheter hub

Question 33

Pressure infuser

Answer 33

200-3000 Mhgg

Question 34

Flushing

Answer 34

10ml normal saline

Question 35

Maintenance rate

Answer 35

Pt weight kg +40