Module 8: Contraception Flashcards
(40 cards)
what percent of all pregnancies are unplanned in the US
45%
what percent of unplanned pregnancies in the US occur to women in their 20’s
55%
why do most unplanned pregnancies occur to women in their 20’s
- time of risky sexual behaviors
- peak fertility
how many teenagers become pregnant each year in the US
750,000
what country has the highest teen pregnancy rate among developed countries
US
what are the top 5 states in terms of teen pregnancy rates
- texas
- alabama
- oklahoma
- mississippi
- louisiana
define fertility
a person’s ability to reproduce
when do women become fertile
- when they have a functioning menstrual cycle
- can produce a viable egg and healthy endometrium
- after menarche
- age 12-13
when do men become fertile
- when they can produce and carry sperm to ejaculation
- after semenarche
- age 12-13
define conception
the fertilization of an ovum by a sperm
where does conception take place
fallopian tube
define contraception
- birth control
- methods of preventing pregnancy
when does pregnancy officially start
when the embryo implants into the uterine wall
what conditions are necessary for conception
- a viable egg
- a viable sperm
- access to the egg by the sperm
how long are eggs viable after ovulation
24 hours
how many viable eggs are produced each month
1
how long are sperm viable in a woman’s body
5 days
how many sperm are released per ejaculation
300 million
list methods of contraception
- barrier methods
- hormonal methods
- surgical methods
- emergency contraception
- behavioral methods
define barrier methods
- block the egg and sperm form joining
- physical (condoms) and chemical (spermicides)
define hormonal methods
introduce synthetic hormones into the women’s system
what are the 3 ways that hormonal birth control works
- prevents ovulation
- thickens cervical mucus
- thins the endometrial lining to prevent implantation
define surgical methods
prevent pregnancy permanently
define emergency contraception
- large dose of hormones that is used after not using or failed birth control
- does not harm or terminate existing pregnancy
