Module3 Flashcards
What is community development ?
Defined by Kretzman and McKnight as “building communities from the inside out”
-It occurs when a community is engaged in a dynamic continuous process of social change that can lead to permanent enhancements in people’s lives.
It can include strategies such as capacity building, empowerment and participation
What are the three layers to community development?
Philosophy: CD embodies the belief that people can identify and solve their problems
Process: supports citizens as they find their power to effect change
Project/outcome: involves the work of citizens to bring about change in their community
What are the 10 steps of the community development process?
1- Get to know your community
2- Listen to community members
3- Being people together to develop a shared vision
4- Assess community assets and resources, needs, and issues
5- Help community members to recognize and articulate areas of concern and their cause
6- Establish a vehicle for change
7- Develop an action plan
8- Implement action plan
9- Evaluate results of actions
10- Reflect and regroup
What is community capacity?
Identifies and works with existing community strengths to promote a positive view of the community (focuses on strengths rather than weaknesses: capacity building)
What are the 9 features of Community Capacity?
1-Participation 2-Leadership 3-Community structures 4-External supports 5-Asking why 6-Obtaining resources 7-Skills, knowledge, and learning 8-Linking with others 9-Sense of community
What is asset mapping?
Identifying community-based initiatives such as community development, strategic planning, and organizational development
What are the 3 approaches to asset mapping?
1-Whole-assets approach (comprehensive, complete map)
2-Storytelling approach (social history that reveals assets)
3-Heritage approach (a picture, map, or list of community’s heritage)
What is community mobilization?
The use of community capacity to bring about change through an action plan, usually developed and implemented with community partners
What is community competence?
When a community is able to use its problem-solving abilities to identify and deal with community health issues. Has been linked to community empowerment
What is Asset Based Community Development? (ABCD)
A strategy for sustainable community driven development.
- It is concerned with how to link micro-assets to the macro-environment.
- Builds on assets already found in the community and mobilizes individuals, associations, and institutions to come together to build on their assets, not their needs
- The key is to begin to use what is ALREADY in the community, this is community driven development
What are the guiding principles of Asset based community development?
Everyone has gifts, Relationships build a community, Citizens at the centre, Leaders involve others as active members of the community, People care about something, Motivation to act, Listening conversation, Ask, Asking questions rather than giving answers invites stronger participation, A citizen centered “inside out” organization is the key to community engagement, Institutions have reached their limits in problem solving, Institutions as servants
What are the 5 key assets in Asset based community development?
- Individuals
- Associations (small informal group of people)
- Institutions (paid group of people)
- Physical assets (land, buildings…)_
- Connections (exchange between people sharing their assets by bartering…)
What is the core of ABCD?
Its focus on societal relationships
What is social capital?
Features of social organizations, which increase a society’s productive potential. Built on a web of relationships .
What is empowerment?
An active process whereby individuals, groups, and communities are able to state their health requirements and be involved in and take charge of the strategies required to achieve improved health
•Empowerment promotes an environment that creates opportunities for competencies to be used
What is community empowerment?
- Requires reciprocity and continuous interaction between people and the social, economic and physical environments to bring change and promote health
- Community empowerment results from collective individual efforts to influence and manage the effects of the DOH
What is required to empower families?
For families to become active participants, they need to feel a sense of personal competence and a desire for and willingness to take action
•An empowered family has:
-Access and control over needed resources
-Decision making and problem solving abilities
-Abilities to communicate and obtain needed resources
What is the goal of the community health action model?
To depict community health promotion processes in a manner that can be implemented by community members to achieve their collectively and collaboratively determined actions and outcomes to sustain or improve the health and well-being of their community, the community as a whole for the benefit of all
What is participatory action research? (PAR)
This is when community members gather info about their community. It includes popular knowledge, personal experiences, and other nonscientific knowledge.
For participatory action research, the process is as important as the outcome, what are the 3 learning cycles?
- Education and analysis
- Investigation
- Action
What the 4 cores of the Community health action model?
Being
Belonging
Becoming
Social: Assessment, implementation and evaluation
What is involved in the Being Stage of the Community Health Action model?
interactions as people come together to form a collective unit. Develop a sense of identity or attachment to the group or community. Leads to a sense of belonging
What is involved in the Becoming Stage of the Community Health Action model?
community action by the group
What is involved in the Belonging Stage of the Community Health Action model?
expression by the group of a sense of community. Expressions usually come in the form of community action
