MOLECULAR

Question 1

IHF

Answer 1

bend dna- dnaA multimer help

Question 2

DNA GYRASE

Answer 2

type of topisomerase
unwinding the dna (repication )
+ supercoil at downstream /block the transcription

Question 3

ARS

Answer 3

sequence of the yeast, Autonomously Replicating Sequence, origin of replication

Question 4

ORC)

Answer 4

protein complex involved in the initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells,
bind to a, b1 of ARS bind oric

Question 5

CMG COMPLEX

Answer 5

replication , initiation , euka
activated pre-rc
Orc+cdc6+cdt +mcm ….kinases(s cdk,ddk),+cdc45,GINS

Question 6

deamination

Answer 6

induced / spon
G –XANTHINE
A— HHYPOXANTHINE

Question 7

BASE ANALOGE

Answer 7

2BU(T) ; G
2AP/AMINO PURIN (A); C

Question 8

ALKALTING AGENT
1-NAME?
2- EXAMPLES OF FUNCTION

Answer 8

1- MUSTARAT AGENT ,EMS /ETHYL METHANOSULAFATE
2- G+ ethyl = 6 ehtyl guanine : t
t+ethyl=4 ethyl thymine: g

Question 9

oxidative reatction
1- name ?
2- exmaples

Answer 9

1- superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical
2-G = 8oxy7,8dihydrodeoxy G : A
TRANSVERSION
mispair

Question 10

TRANSVERSION

Answer 10

OXIDATIVE REACTION

Question 11

hydroxylamine
1- example

Answer 11

oh+ c=hydroxylamine c = rare tautomer: A
not reversable and repair !

Question 12

intercalating agent
1- names ?
2- examples ?

Answer 12

1- proflavin , acridine orange , ethidium bromide , dioxine
intercalate distord 3d ,insertion and deletion fram shift
SEVER !!

Question 13

PYRIMIDINE DIMER

Answer 13

MOSTLY 2 T BIND IN RESULT OF UV

Question 14

INIOONIZING RADIATION

Answer 14

X RAY

Question 15

DAM METHYLASE

Answer 15

METHYLATE A IN GATC
MISMATCH
RECOGNISITIO OLD VS NEW

Question 16

MUTS,MUTL,MUTH

Answer 16

MISMATCH REPAR -BACTERIA

Question 17

FORMULA OF CALCULATING THE GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE OF MONO,DI,TRI HYBRID CROSSES

Answer 17

2* N = PHENOTYPE

3*N = GENOTYPE

Question 18

SUBMETA CENTRIC

Answer 18

LITTLE SHORT P-X CHROMOSME

Question 19

ACROCENTRIC

Answer 19

VERY SHORT P -Y CHROMOMSE

Question 20

SEX DETERMINATION IN DROSOPHILA

Answer 20

GENIC BLANCED SYSTEM

Question 21

PURE BREEDING

Answer 21

ALL HOMOZYGOTE

Question 22

HETEROHAMETIC

Answer 22

SEX DERERMIN DIFFERENT GAMET

Question 23

HEMIZYGOSITY

Answer 23

YX

Question 24

MRNP

Answer 24

MATURE RNA+ PR
SPLICING ACCURACY, EFFICIENCY TRANSLATION TRASNPORT TO CYTOPLASM

Question 25

EJC

Answer 25

EXON JUNCTION COMPLEX TYPE OF MRNP MRAK THE SPLICING SITES AFTER THE SPLICING

Question 26

GUID SEQUENCE

Answer 26

PART OF INTRONS IN TYPE 1 AUTOPLSING HELP IN ALINGMENT I=OF EXONS AND RECOGNATION INTRONS

Question 27

INTRON TYPE 2

Answer 27

6 STEM LOOP(RIBOZYME CHARECTERISTIC)+ ORF

Question 28

MGMT

Answer 28

Methyl guanine methyl transferases Transfer the methyl de alkylation i Functioning in the direct repair

Question 29

GgNER

Answer 29

Pathway of the ner Global genome nucletide exicision repair Uvr A, UvvrB without the Rna pol

Question 30

TC NER

Answer 30

Patheay of ner Transcription coupled nucoeltide excision reapur With rna pol

Question 31

Incision

Answer 31

Cut

Question 32

fto genes

Answer 32

apetite

Question 33

angiotensine

Answer 33

precouser proteins is formed by visceral adipose constrict the blood vessels and the high pressure

Question 34

LOAD THE AMINO ACID ON THE CORROSPONDING TRNA

Answer 34

AMINOACYL TRNA SYNTHESISE

Question 35

ISOACEPTOR TRNA

Answer 35

TRNAS WOTG DIFFERNT ANTICODON BUT 1 AMINOACYL TRNA SYNTHEASE /AA

Question 36

INCISION IN NER OF EUK

Answer 36

XPB AND D

Question 37

Lynch syndrome

Answer 37

genetic defect in MMR proteins, leading to characteristic microsatellite instability in specific cancers

Question 38

TLS

Answer 38

TRANSLESION SYNTHEASE POLYMERASE

Question 39

SOS SIGNAL

Answer 39

HAPPEN AT TRANSLESION WHEN DNA POL STOP AT LESION

Question 40

RecA

Answer 40

strand exchange process during genetic recombination

Question 41

KU70-KU80

Answer 41

DETECT THE DSBREAKAGE NHEJ REPAIR A TYPE OF DOUBLE STRAND BREKAAGE REAPIR

Question 42

HR

Answer 42

HOMOLOGOUS REPAIR- A TYPE OF DOUBLE STRANDE REPAIR

Question 43

DSBR

Answer 43

DOUBLE STRAND BREAK REPAIR- A TYPE OF THE HR WHICH IS A TTYPE OF DS BREAKAGE REPAIR INVOVLE THE DOUBLE HOLLIDAY JUCNTION CAN BE NON CROOS OVER OR CROSS OVER

Question 44

RAD51 is homologous to....IN BACTERIA

Answer 44

l RecA

Question 45

SDSA

Answer 45

SYNTHESIS-DEPENDENT STRAND ANNEALING - A TYPE OF HR WHICH IS A TYPE OF DOUBLE STRAD REPAIR

Question 46

LYNCH SYNDROM

Answer 46

RELATED TO MUTATION IN COMONENTS IN MMR PATHWAY SO THEY ARER MORE LIKE TO SYFFER FROM THE CANCER

Question 47

MutL homologs N EUK

Answer 47

MLH

Question 48

MutS homologs

Answer 48

MSH

Question 49

RAD51 HOMOLOGOUS TO...

Answer 49

REC A IN BSCTERIA

Question 50

SPO11

Answer 50

e initiation of genetic recombination during meiosis

Question 51

SPO11

Answer 51

A meiotic proteine initiation of genetic recombination during meiosis

Question 52

dNTP

Answer 52

deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate

Question 53

POSTIVE MODELS OF THE NATURAL SELECTION

Answer 53

1- HARD SWEEP 2- SOFT SWEEP STANDING / DE NOVO 3- POLYGENIC polygenic adaptation model 4- ADAPTIVE INTROGRESSION