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terms 17 Flashcards

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1
Q

transopson derivedrepititive

A
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2
Q

how much genom trnacsvibed

A

70

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3
Q

argonaute family

A

ago family
the biogenesis is related to the small rna

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4
Q

small rna

A

piwi /pi rna
endgenous si rna/ small interfering rna
mi rna /micro

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5
Q

pri-miRNA

A

primary transcript of micro mrna

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6
Q

clevage of the pri-mirna ?

A

drosha and DGCR8

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7
Q

EVERY RNA THAT EXPORT OUT OF THE NUCLEOUS ARE MATURE

A

NO- PRE MIRNA !

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8
Q

export of the pre-miRna

A

exportin 5 and ran cofactor

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9
Q

exportin 5

A

nulcear transporter reseptor family
sense the dsrna and short 3 prime overhang

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

dicer where ? what produce reltaed to micro rna

A

in cytoplasm
cut the terminal loop
mi rna duplexes
conserved in all euk

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12
Q

each end of mi rna

A

drosha and dicer

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13
Q

Paralogues

A

genes within the same genome that originate from a common ancestral gene through duplication events.

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14
Q

RNA POL 3 TRANSCRIBE

A

rRNA 5S ,TRNA SOME SN RNA

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15
Q

MOST CONSERVED MI-RNA

A

SEED SEQUENCE

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16
Q

RNA POL 2 TRANSCRIBE

A

MRNA PRECURSOR,MI RNA , SI RNA

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17
Q

ENDOGENOUS HAIR PIN SHAPED TRANSCRIPT

A

MIRNA

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18
Q

IN DEGREFATION OF THE MI-RNA WHICH ARE THE PATHWAY EACH BY WHAT

A

EXOSOME= POLY ADENYLATIO 3 TO 5
EXONUCLEOUS =M7G CAPPING -,5 TO 3 PRIME

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19
Q

Ago pr exo/ endo

A

Exonucketic activity the miran duplexes are loaded inside
Rna helicase

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20
Q

DNA is positione inside the rna pol

A

Groove between the.b and b prime subunit

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21
Q

Transient excursion

A

Forward:/ reverse translocation

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22
Q

Inchworming

A

Flexible rnapol

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23
Q

Scruhching

A

Flexibility dna

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24
Q

Trcf

Study These Flashcards
A

Transc4iption coupling factor

25
Topisomerase negative or positve
Negative
26
27
CAN TRANSLOCATION LEADS TO ANEUPLOIDY ?
YES , ROBERTSONIAN REDUCE THE NUMBER -TYPE OF THE NON RECIPROCAL
28
LEAST GENE ON WHICH CHROMOSME OF HUMANS
CHROMOMSE 21 !
29
familial down syndrom
robertsonian
30
primary down syndrom
trisomy 21 -47
31
2n but all non homologous which is the case
allopolyploidy ! sterile
32
autoployploid
nondisjunctiion set of chromosomes 1 species
33
allopolyploidy
fuse 2 species increase set
34
IBD
inflammatory bowel disease. It is an umbrella term used to describe chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal (GI high in south of Italy
35
Divergent adaptive evolution
process in which populations or species undergo evolutionary changes that lead to divergence in their traits, behaviors, or adaptations. italy pop
36
mechanisms underlying adoption
physiological adaptation - developmental plasticity- -fully genetic
37
phenotypic diversity
epigenetic
38
intergemrational
not direct stimuli
39
transgenerational
indirect- non exposued generation
40
dichloro-diphenyltrichloroethane
DDT
41
RISC
GUIDING TO TARGET MI RNA SI RNA PICH WHICH ONE TO BE MATURE DECAY MACHINERY IN MI RNA
42
ENZYME FOR DEADYNELYATION
EXOSOME RECRUIT BY RISC
43
ENZYME FOR DECAPPING
EXONUCLEOUS RECRUIT BY RISC
44
EFFECTIVENESS SIGNALING PATHWAY
SPACE AND TME
45
THE SI RNA BIOGENESIS LACK WHAT
DROSHA
46
ANTIVIRAL RESPOND BY WHICH RNA
SI-RNA
47
THE ORGIN OF THE MI-RNA VS TTHE SI- RNA
MI-RNA : :HAIRPIN SHAPED TRASNCRIPT SI-RNA : DS RNA
48
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN THE si-rna and mi-rna
RNA Interference (RNAi): Both siRNAs and miRNAs are involved in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, a natural cellular mechanism that regulates gene expression by post-transcriptional gene silencing. Dicer Processing: Both siRNAs and miRNAs are processed by an enzyme called Dicer. Dicer cleaves long double-stranded RNA precursors into smaller duplexes with characteristic ends. RISC Incorporation: Processed siRNAs and miRNAs are incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), where they function as guides for target mRNA recognition and silencing. Target mRNA Binding: Both siRNAs and miRNAs use base pairing to recognize and bind to specific sequences on target mRNAs. This binding leads to post-transcriptional gene silencing. Cleavage of Target mRNA: The binding of both siRNAs and miRNAs to their target mRNAs within the RISC complex can result in mRNA cleavage and degradation, inhibiting protein synthesis. Gene Regulation: Both types of small RNAs play key roles in the regulation of gene expression, influencing various cellular processes, including development, differentiation, and response to environmental stimul both transcribed by the trna pol2
49
differences BETWEEN THE si-rna and mi-rna
Differences: Source of Origin: siRNA: Typically originates from exogenous sources, such as viral infections or experimentally introduced double-stranded RNA. miRNA: Originate from endogenous transcripts produced by the cell's own genome. Origin Processing: siRNA: Arises from perfectly complementary double-stranded RNA precursors. miRNA: Arises from hairpin structures within single-stranded RNA precursors (pri-miRNA), forming imperfect duplexes after processing. Number of Strands in RISC: siRNA: Usually only one strand (the guide strand) is incorporated into the RISC complex. miRNA: Both strands (miRNA/miRNA*) can be incorporated into the RISC complex, and either strand can function as a guide. Target Specificity: siRNA: Typically has high sequence specificity and is designed to target a specific mRNA. miRNA: May have partial complementarity to multiple mRNAs, allowing regulation of multiple targets. Biological Function: siRNA: Often used experimentally or in therapeutic applications to silence specific genes. miRNA: Involved in the fine-tuning of gene expression, developmental processes, and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Biogenesis Pathway: siRNA: Mainly associated with the exogenous small RNA pathway. miRNA: Mainly associated with the endogenous small RNA pathway.
50
flamenco gene encode
pi -rna
51
transposase
mediate the cut and paste activity of the transposons
52
backsplicing
lncRna
53
circular rna in euk
lncrna can be both linear or circular
54
lncrna interact
pr-mrna/mirna-dna
55
sense vs anti sense vs biderectional
sense same sequence as the RNA product antisense transcription produces RNA molecules with sequences that are complementary to the mRNA bidirectional : simultaneous transcription of both the sense and anti-sense strand
56
miRna sponge
long non ocding rna that contain multiple mi-rna binding site induce translation by decoding the mi rna
57
polyribosome
complex of multiple ribosomes translating a single mRNA (messenger RNA) molecule simultaneously.
58
cap undependent
ires, long non coding rna
59
degradosome
main degredation enzyme for degredating the mrna of the prokaryote

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