Monomers And Polymers Flashcards
(21 cards)
Covalent bonding
Strongest bond - bond between two non metals
Ionic bonding
Weaker than covalent - bond between a metal and non metal due to electrostatic forces of attraction
Hydrogen bonding
Weak electrostatic bond between polar molecules
How are hydrogen bonds formed?
Uneven distribution of electrons in a molecule leading to partial charges
Monomer
Smaller unit from which larger molecules are made
Polymer
The large molecules that are made when many monomers are joined together
Condensation reaction
Joins two molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond and the elimination of water
Hydrolysis reaction
Breaks a molecule down by breaking the chemical bond and involves the addition of water
Examples of monomers
Monosaccharides, nucleotides ,amino acids
Monomer of Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
What is a monosaccharide?
Monomer from which larger carbohydrates are made
Examples of monosaccharides
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Glucose, Fructose and Galactose are what of each other?
Isomers (same molecular formula, different structures)
General formula of hexose, pentose, and triose sugars
Hexose= C(6)H(12)O(6)
Pentose= C(5)H(10)O(5)
Triose= C(3)H(6)O(3)
Disaccharides
Two monosaccharides joined together by a condensation reaction forming a glycosidic bond
What is maltose made from?
2 alpha glucose
What is maltose used for?
Seed germination and providing energy
What is sucrose made from?
Glucose and fructose
(Transported in the phloem)
What is lactose made from?
Glucose and galactose
(Found in milk)
Polysaccharides
2 or more monosaccharides joined together by a condensation reaction, forming many glycosidic bonds
Examples of polysaccharides
Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
