more little things for unit 1

Question 1

what is the em spectrum in order of increasing wavelength

Answer 1

gamma, x ray, uv, visible, infrared, microwaves, radio and tv waves

Question 2

what is the formula for calculating frequency when you know the wavelength and the speed

Answer 2

c = f lamda

Question 3

what is meant by wave particle duality

Answer 3

em radiation can be regarded as a stream of very small particles called photons. so it can behave as both a wave and a partilcle

Question 4

how can you calculate the energy of photons of radiation

Answer 4

e = planks constant times by frequency

Question 5

how can you calculate energy of a wave from avogradros number, planks constant, speed and wavelength

Answer 5

e = avo times plank times speed dividied by wavelength

Question 6

what do the dark lines on line absorption spectrum represent

Answer 6

the certain wavelengths that have been removed by absorption

Question 7

what do the lines on line emission spectra represent

Answer 7

distinct wavelength of emitted light

Question 8

what happens when atoms absorb energy

Answer 8

they become excited

Question 9

what happens when energy is absorbed

Answer 9

the electrons move up to an outer shell. when they move to a lower energy level, a photon is released as a particular wavelength of light. so when electrons fall back and produce these photons, a line on emission spectra is formed from the energy difference.

Question 10

what regions of the em spectrum does hydrogen have lines

Answer 10

uv, visible and IR

Question 11

what is meant by ionisation energy

Answer 11

the energy difference between ground state and the convergence limit

Question 12

how many subshells can each shell have

Answer 12

up to four.
s, p, d and f

Question 13

what are the subshells in shell 1

Answer 13

1s

Question 14

what are the subshells in shell 2

Answer 14

2s, 2p

Question 15

what are the subshells in shell 3

Answer 15

3s, 3p, 3d

Question 16

what are the subshells in shell 4+

Answer 16

4s, 4p, 4d, 4f, 5s, 5p, 5d, 5f, 6s, etc etc

Question 17

which block does an atom with an l value of 0 belong in

Answer 17

s

Question 18

which block does an atom with an l value of 1 belong in

Answer 18

p

Question 19

which block does an atom with an l value of 2 belong in

Answer 19

d

Question 20

which block does an aotm with an l value of 3 belong in

Answer 20

f

Question 21

which section of the periodic table is the s block

Answer 21

groups 1 and 2

Question 22

which section of the periodic table is the d block

Answer 22

transition metals

Question 23

which section of the periodic table is the p block

Answer 23

groups 3-0

Question 24

which section of the periodic table is the f block

Answer 24

lanthanides and actinides

Question 25

which block is groups 1-2

Answer 25

s

Question 26

which block is groups 3-0

Answer 26

p

Question 27

which block is transition metals

Answer 27

d

Question 28

which block is lanthanides and actinides

Answer 28

f

Question 29

what shape are s orbitals

Answer 29

spherical

Question 30

in what order do orbitals fill up

Answer 30

1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p, 8s

Question 31

are 4s electrons lost before or after 3d electrons during ionisation to positive ions

Answer 31

before

Question 32

what is the oxidation number in a free or uncombined element

Answer 32

0

Question 33

what is the oxidation number in single atom ions

Answer 33

equal to the charge on the ion

Question 34

what is the oxidation number for hydrogen

Answer 34

+1

Question 35

what is the oxidation number for oxygen

Answer 35

-2

Question 36

what must the algebraic sum of all the oxidation numbers in a molecule be

Answer 36

0

Question 37

what must the algebraic sum of all the oxidation numbers in polyatomic ion be equal to

Answer 37

the charge on the ion

Question 38

how many pairs of electrons do monodentate ligands donate

Answer 38

1

Question 39

how do you name a complex

Answer 39

metal symbol first. neg ligands next. neutral ligands next. overall charge written after the square brackets

Question 40

what is a complex

Answer 40

a central metal ion surrounded by ligands

Question 41

how do you name a negative ligand

Answer 41

ide becomes ido. ate becomes ato. ite becomes ito.

Question 42

how do you name a neutral ligand

Answer 42

water is aqua ammonia is amine co is carbonyl

Question 43

why can transition metals absorb light

Answer 43

because photons excite electrons in the lower d orbitals up to a higher energy d orbital

Question 44

why do transition metals make good catalysts

Answer 44

- they can form a variable number of bonds due to the availabliity of unoccupied and hal fiflled d orbitals - this allows easier formation of intermediate complexs - this provides reaction pathways of lower energy to proceed