Motivation and Emotion Flashcards by Jeremy John

motivation

need or desire that energizes behavior

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instincts

natural survival motivation

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Drive reduction

physical needs motivate behavior, ex: food + water

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Homeostasis

body’s internal levels at normal

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Incentive motivation

do something for rewards

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arousal theory

adventure and excitement ex: bungee jumping

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Achievement Motivation

need to master challenges, outperform others, meet high standards

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Maslow hierarchy of needs (starts at lower level first)

self actualization
Esteem
Belongingness
Safety
Physiological

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Over justification Effect

do something we love, then get rewarded for it and don’t like it anymore

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self efficacy

our belief about how well you perform at a single task

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Balloon experiment

tricking your brain into thinking your stomach is full

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Glucose

blood sugar, produced in pancreas

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insulin

produced in pancreas, controls glucose

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lateral hypothalamus

tells your brain to eat

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Ventromedial hypothalamus - VMH

tells brain you’re full

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set point

the weight y our body knows how to work at, 18 months for new one

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taste preference is based on

based on culture

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anorexia nervosa

when underweight but think they’re overweight

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bulimia nervosa

binge eating then forced vomiting

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obesity

increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, etc.

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sexual stages

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

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sexual problems

premature ejaculation, man orgasms before they want to

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testosterone

male hormone, increases sexual desires

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estrogen

female hormone

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adolescent sexuality

culture often determines sexual behavior

sexual orientation

who you are attracted to

gender role

typical male and female behavior

gender typing

child becomes aware of their gender and thus behaves accordingly by adopting values and attributes

gender identity

how you personally feel, masculine or feminine

transgender

identity doesn't match biology

Kinsey

sex researcher, interviewed thousands about their sexual behavior

Belonging

often people stay in unhealthy relationships because they want to be apart of a couple

survival/evolution

sex = babies

James Lange

physical reaction, then emotion comes

Cannon Bard

physical and emotion happen simultaneously

Two factor/Schachter Singer

physical and cognitive label (understanding), then fear happens

Zajonc/LeDoux

emotion before understanding

Lazarus

appraisal determines emotion, cognitive appraisal

Fear

changes behavior

Learning Fear

learned through observation and conditioning

Biology of fear

amygdala lights up

Ekman and Friesen

studied babies around world, came up with 6 universal emotions

6 universal emotions

happy, sad, anger, surprise, disgust, fear

facial feedback theory

brain interprets sensations from your facial muscles

Display rules

individual cultures determine appropriate emotional expressions

Catharsis hypothesis

allowing yourself to vent will give you the chance to move on from the problem

Feel good

When we feel happy we are more likely to help people

Subjective well being

Your personal belief about how happy you are

Happiness

One key to happiness is being in a loving, committed relationship

Adaptive level phenomenon

When we get what we want, our happiness spikes, then levels back to normal after a while

relative deprivation

when we compare ourselves to others, we often feel lacking

stress

any circumstance, real or perceived, that threatens a person's well being

CDC

half of all deaths in 2019 were due to behavior and preventable

behavioral medicine

works with doctors to change negative behavior

health psychology

study of how stress impacts diseases

adaptive behaviors

positive behaviors

maladaptive behaviors

negative behaviors

theory of cognitive appraisal

how badly we view a stressful event or thing

Lazarus/transactional model of stress and coping

personal belief that you can or cannot handle a stressful event

Stress response system

when you're stressed, adrenal glands send out epinephrine and norepinephrine

cortisol (glucocorticoids)

hormones released by adrenal glands to come you down

Psychosomatic

headaches, muscle issue, stomach pain brought on by psychological factors

hypochondriasis / illness anxiety disorder

person has a physical issue that they believe is something much more serious

type a personality

needs to be in charge, more likely to have heart attack than type B

type b personality

easy going and relaxed

B lymphocytes

fights bacterial infections

T lymphocytes

T cells, attack viruses and cancer cells

Microphages

clean up the systems in our body

problem focus coping

change the situation

emotion focus coping

change your reaction

explanatory style

optimists have less stress and anxiety

exercise

5 times per week, 40 minutes each time

Motivation and Emotion Flashcards

(72 cards)