Motor Systems - LectureCapture

Question 1

Path of the corticospinal and corticonuclear projections

Answer 1

Descend through internal capsule -> cerebral peduncle -> basilar pons -> pyramids -> forms A/L corticospinal systems

Question 2

What is the primary motor cortex?

Answer 2

Pre central gyrus

Question 3

Where is the supplementary motor cortex located?

Answer 3

Above the pre/post central gyri

Question 4

Where is the cortical micturition center located?

Answer 4

On the supplementary motor area, medial superior frontal gyrus for voluntary motor control in pre central gyrus

Question 5

All LMNs project to

Answer 5

Muscles

Question 6

All UMNs project to

Answer 6

LMNs

Question 7

Cranial nerve nuclei are ______ (what type of motor neurons)

Answer 7

UMNs

Question 8

REVIEW BODY MAP

Answer 8

REVIEW BODY MAP

Question 9

Lateral cortex is supplied by

Answer 9

MCA

Question 10

Medial cortex is supplied by

Answer 10

ACA

Question 11

Face is located where on the internal capsule?

Answer 11

Genu

Question 12

Posterior limb of internal capsule contains what structures

Answer 12

Arm
Torso
Leg

Question 13

Somatosensory projections and motor projections use what part of the internal capsule?

Answer 13

Posterior limb

Question 14

What parts of the brain are active when doing finger flexion or tap finger on a surface?

Answer 14

ONLY primary motor and somatosensory

Question 15

What parts of the brain are active when doing a finger movement sequence?

Answer 15

Primary motor, somatosensory, and supplementary motor area

Question 16

What parts of the brain are active when doing a mental rehearsal of a finger tapping sequence?

Answer 16

Supplementary ONLY

Question 17

Apraxia

Answer 17

Inability to perform a complex movement or sequence of movements (especially learned)

Question 18

Premotor cortex gets input from

Answer 18

Proprioception, visual system, and thalamic motor nuclei

Question 19

The premotor cortex guides

Answer 19

The primary motor cortex

Question 20

If you have premotor damage WITHOUT primary motor damage, what deficits

Answer 20

NO WEAKNESS, you get apraxia (weakness can mask apraxia in some instances)

Question 21

Input from prefrontal cortex is probably related to what kinds of movements?

Answer 21

Learned (buttoning a shirt)

Question 22

Supplementary cortex projects to

Answer 22

UMN in primary motor cortex

Question 23

If you have supplementary cortex damage WITHOUT primary motor damage, what deficits

Answer 23

Apraxia, not weakness

Question 24

Frontal eye fields function

Answer 24

UMN for voluntary eye movements

Question 25

Do you have the vestibulocular reflex with FEF damage?

Answer 25

NO - VO still intact

Question 26

FEF corticonuclear projections are ______ to oculomotor and trochlear

Answer 26

Bilateral

Question 27

FEF corticonuclear projections are ______ to abducens

Answer 27

Contralateral

Question 28

FEF drives lateral conjugate gaze towards which side?

Answer 28

Opposite side

Question 29

Left FEF controls ______ gaze

Answer 29

Rightward

Question 30

Right FEF controls ______ gaze

Answer 30

Leftwards

Question 31

Unilateral FEF damage causes

Answer 31

Deviation towards lesion

Question 32

A left FEF lesion would cause what kind of deviation?

Answer 32

Leftward deviation This makes sense because the normal function of FEF is rightward gaze, so if damaged, you get a leftward deviation and inability to voluntarily look right

Question 33

With FEF - if the abducens is intact, you get what kinds of movement?

Answer 33

Reflex, not voluntary

Question 34

Function of the cortical micturition center

Answer 34

Supresses voiding through projections from the superior frontal gyrus -> pontine micturition center

Question 35

Frontal type incontinence occurs when what is damaged?

Answer 35

Cortical micturition center | If only one is damaged, deficits are variable

Question 36

Symptoms of frontal type incontinence

Answer 36

When bladder is full, patent is unable to stop reflex voiding If only this part of the frontal lobe is damaged, the patient is likely distressed (if more frontal damage, there is less distress)

Question 37

Sympathetic effect on voiding

Answer 37

Inhibits detrusor, activates sphincter (for urine storage)

Question 38

Parasympathetic effect on voiding

Answer 38

Activates detrusor, inhibits internal sphincter (may partially compensate for frontal type incontinence)

Question 39

If primary motor is intact, but premotor is damaged

Answer 39

Aprexia

Question 40

If primary motor is intact, but FEF is damaged

Answer 40

gaze deviation deficit

Question 41

If primary motor is intact, but Broca's is damaged

Answer 41

Language output deficit

Question 42

Pericallosal branch of the ACA supplies

Answer 42

Cingulate gyrus

Question 43

Callosmarginal branch of the ACA supplies

Answer 43

Superior frontal gyrus

Question 44

Occlusion of callosomarginal branch of the ACA results in

Answer 44

Leg portion of PMC, entire supplementary, and cortical micturition center