Move the Lower Extremities

Question 1

Iliopsoas

Answer 1

The iliopsoas muscle is a combination of two muscles: the iliacus and the psoas major. The muscle’s functions are walking, running, climbing stairs, sitting up from lying down.

Question 2

Sartorius

Answer 2

The sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in the human body. It plays several important functions: hip flexion, knee flexion, lateral rotation of the hip, medial rotation of the knee, and stabilization.

Question 3

Gluteus maximus

Answer 3

The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the buttocks. Its primary functions include: hip extension, hip abduction, hip external rotation, and postural control.

Question 4

Gluteus medius

Answer 4

The gluteus medius is a key muscle located on the side of the hip. Its main functions include: hip abduction, pelvis stabilization, internal rotation of the hip, hip extension, musculotendinous unit dysfunction.

Question 5

Tensor fascia latae

Answer 5

The tensor fascia latae (TFL) muscle helps stabilize and move the hip and knee. It also helps balance the body’s weight while walking. Its functions include: hip abduction, hip rotation, knee extension, hip and knee stabilization, walking, and medial hip rotation.

Question 6

Adductor longus

Answer 6

The adductor longus muscle is located in the inner thigh and plays several important functions: adduction of the thigh, hip flexion, medial rotation of the hip, and pelvic stability.

Question 7

Gracilis

Answer 7

The gracilis muscle is a thin, strap-like muscle located on the inner side of the thigh. Its primary functions include: hip adduction, knee flexion, and internal rotation of the knee.

Question 8

Semimembranosus

Answer 8

Located in the posterior compartment of the thigh and
one of the three hamstring muscles (along with semitendinosus and biceps femoris). Flexes the knee joint, Medially rotates the tibia, and Extends the hip joint (when acting with other hamstrings).

Question 9

Semitendinosus

Answer 9

The semitendinosus is a long, thin muscle located on the medial (inner) side of the back of the thigh. It is one of the three hamstring muscles, along with the biceps femoris short head and semimembranosus. Its functions include: flexion of the knee, medial rotation of the tibia, and extension of the knee.

Question 10

Biceps femoris

Answer 10

The biceps femoris muscle is located on the back of the thigh and plays several important functions: knee flexion, hip extension, external rotation of the leg, and pelvis stabilization.

Question 11

Rectus femoris

Answer 11

The rectus femoris is a muscle located on the front of the thigh. Its primary functions include: knee extension, hip flexion, maintaining knee stability.

Question 12

Vastus lateralis

Answer 12

The vastus lateralis is one of the four muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris group. Its primary function is to extend the knee joint. Its functions include: knee extension, patellar stabilization, hip flexion assistance, and thigh rotation.

Question 13

Vastus intermedius

Answer 13

The vastus intermedius is a muscle located in the anterior compartment of the thigh. Its primary function is to extend the knee joint. Its functions include: knee extension, stabilization, and posture.

Question 14

Vastus medialis

Answer 14

The vastus medialis is one of the four quadriceps muscles located on the front of the thigh. Its primary function is to extend the knee joint. Its functions include: knee extension, patellar tracking, weight-bearing, and balance and coordination.

Question 15

Tibialis anterior

Answer 15

The tibialis anterior muscle is located in the front of the lower leg. Its main functions include: dorsiflexion, inversion, propulsion, and stability.

Question 16

Gastrocnemius

Answer 16

The gastrocnemius muscle is located in the back of the lower leg and plays several important functions: plantar flexion, knee flexion, posture maintenance.

Question 17

Soleus

Answer 17

The soleus muscle is located in the lower leg and plays several important functions: plantar flexion, postural support, calf pump, endurance muscle, coordination with other muscles.

Question 18

Peroneus longus

Answer 18

The peroneus longus muscle is located in the lateral compartment of the lower leg. Its main function is to: evert the foot and plantarflex the foot.

Question 19

Peroneus brevis

Answer 19

The peroneus brevis muscle is located in the lateral compartment of the lower leg. Its primary function is to: evert the foot and plantarflex the ankle.