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Neuro 03 > Movement disorders [6] > Flashcards

Movement disorders [6] Flashcards

1
Q

What is responsible for unconscious motor control, smoothness of movements, coordination btwn diff muscle groups, muscle tone?

A

Basal ganglia

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2
Q

Key NT of the extrapyrimidal system. responsible for motor control

A

DA

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3
Q

Tremor

A

rhythmic oscillatory movement produced by alternating or synchronous contraction of antagonist muscles

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4
Q

Essential tremor

A

tremor with posture and action (circle drawing)

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5
Q

Antihypertensive med to treat tourettes if its bothersome

A

clonidine

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6
Q

Dystonia

A

cocontraction of muscle agonist + antagonist

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7
Q

Red flags for DDX of Parkinsonium

A

rapid progression
early onset dementia
confusions.hallucinations
early onset of motor instability

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8
Q

Prognosis of parkinsonium syndromes

A

7-10 years

worst than PD

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9
Q

PD vs ET (essential tremors)

  • at rest
  • action
A

PD:
- increased tremor at rest

ET
- Increased tremor with action

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10
Q

PD vs ET (essential tremors)

  • with mental concentration
  • with walking
A

PD:

  • increased tremor with mental concentration
  • increased tremor with walking

ET:

  • decreased
  • decreased
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11
Q

Symmetry of limb tremor

PD vs Et

A

PD:
- Assymetric

ET:
- symmetric

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12
Q

Most common movement disorders

A
  1. restless leg syndrome
  2. ET
  3. PD
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13
Q

Lewy body diseases

- PD vs Diffuse Lewy body disease

A

PD: movement disorder

DLBD: dementing disease

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14
Q

Substantia nigra damage (parkinsonism)

A
  • PD
  • Mult sys atrophy
  • PSP
  • Picks
  • corticobasal deg. disability
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15
Q

Extrapyrimidal signs

A

abnormal movement, posture, muscular tone

NOT paresis or sensory loss

  1. basal ganglia disorder
  2. cerebellar disorder
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16
Q

basal ganglia disorder

- extrapyramidal signs

A

Resting tremor

Hypokinetic

  • rigidity
  • bradykinesia

Hyperkinetic

  • chorea
  • athetosis
  • akathisia
17
Q

cerebellar disorder

- extrapyramidal signs

A
  1. Synergy (ataxia)
    - Dysmetria (FNF test)
    - dysdiadochokinesia
    - decomp of movement
  2. Dysequilibrium
  3. hypotonia
  4. ACTION tremor (unlike basal gang)
  5. Nystagmus
18
Q

pronator drift

-injury is seen in

A

eyes closed, arm out, palm up

seen in pyramidal tract dysfxn (contralat)
parietal lobe dysfxn (contralat)
parietal lobe dysfxn (ips)

19
Q

hemiparetic gait

-injury is seen in

A

unilateral UMN injury (hemispheric stroke)

- ips motor error

20
Q

Diplegic gate

-injury is seen in

A

bilateral periventricular lesions (cerebral palsy)

21
Q

Unilateral Neuropathic gate

-injury is seen in

A

(foot drop (weakness of foot dorsiflex) )

peroneal nerve palsy
L5 radiculopathy

22
Q

Bilateral Neuropathic gate

-injury is seen in

A

ALS
Charcot
uncontrolled diabetes

(foot drop (weakness of foot dorsiflex) )

23
Q

Myopathic gait

-injury is seen in

A

“trendelenburg sign*”

Muscular dystrophy

24
Q

Sensory gait

-injury is seen in

A

“stomping gait”
dorsal column disorders
- B12
- tabes dorsalis

uncontrolled diabetes

25
Q

Clinical features of dementing diseases

A
  1. impaired memory
  2. impaired behavior, planning, judgement, emotional control
  3. impaired language
26
Q

Clinical features of movement disorders

A
  1. choreiform movement disorders
  2. Parkinsonium features
  3. ataxia
27
Q

Tauopathies

  • what do taus usually do?
A

Alz
PSP
CBD
(FTLD, Picks)

  • binds to and stabilizes microtubules (hyperphos and aggreg is toxic)
28
Q

PSP Tau acculm in

A

at least 3

Substantia nigra
Pallidum
subthal. nuc
Pons

29
Q

Onset of HD age

A

40s
Progressive atrophy of neostriatum (ant caudate+dorsal putamen)\
- loss of medium spiney neurons

30
Q

Freidreich’s Ataxia

A

b4 20 years old
GAA (TNR)
AR
Ch 9

Loss of neurons in DRG - loss of periphery sensory fibers

Neuro 03 (16 decks)

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