Opth I II III [4] Flashcards
(19 cards)
Hydraulic theory
Pressure goes to fluid and causes bones to buckle
Buckling theory
Forces goes directly to bones, making them buckle
Clinically weakest wall of the orbit
orbital floor
- palatine, maxillary, zygomatic
Thinnest wall of the orbit
Medial wall
(SMEL)
- Sphenoid, maxillary, ethmoid, lacrimal
Thickest wall of the orbit
Lateral wall
no sinus on the other side
treating orbital floor fractures
(Floor and medial wall most commonly affected)
Repair w/in 2 weeks if:
1. enopthalmos (sunken in eye due to high vol in orbit)
2. Incarcerated muscle/orbital tissue
3. >50% of wall is fractured
Oculocardiac Reflex
Increased P on eye Pulling on eye muscle → Bradycardia Asystole Arrythmia
WHy?
Afferent travels along CN V1 (opth)
Efferent travels along CN X
- which innervates heart
features of nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Dacrocystitis:
infxn of lacrimal sac due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Tx of nasolacrimal duct obstruction
antibiotics for infxn,
then surgical bypass surgery
lacrimal gland begins fxn at what age?
6 week
Basic eye exam
- visual acuity
- visual fields
- ocular motility
- pupils
- external exam (eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea)
- fundoscopic exam
COnjunctivitis can be either bacteria or viral. When does viral conjunctivitis most commonly occur? Which organism is it?
Most commonly occurs after Upper respiratory tract infxn.
- Adenovirus
(watery discharge, not pyrulent)
Tx for viral conjunctivitis
Hand hygiene
Cool compresses
if really bad → steroids
Most common organism for Bacterial conjunctivitis
Staph aureus,
Strep pneumoniae
Tx 4 bacterial conjunctivitis
No cultures nec.
Ab eye drops 1x week
- FQ
- Gentamicin
Symp:
- irregular pupil
- periorbital eye pain
- photophobia
- cloudy vision
- redness near limbus
Iritis
Hallmark of allergic conjunctivitis
itchy eyes
Angle closure Glaucoma
symptoms
- tx
Closed off trabecular network
Sx:
Unilateral severe eye pain
eye feels hard
Tx: Iridotomy
In this disorder, pts do not usually experience any symptoms as it slowly causes damage to their PERIPHERAL VISION
Open angle glaucoma.
- progressive disease of optic nerve (increased IOP)
