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Anatomy Year 1 > Movements of the spine > Flashcards

Movements of the spine Flashcards

Muscles involved in the movements of the spine (45 cards)

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1
Q

Which movements does the cervical spine allow?

A

Flexion, extension; left and right rotation; left and right lateral flexion

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2
Q

Which muscles are involved in cervical flexion?

A

Sternocleidomastoid, longus colli, longus capitis, scaleneus

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3
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

O: manubrium of sternum + anterior superior of medial clavicle
I: mastoid process

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4
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the longus colli?

A

O: C3-T3
I: C1-C6

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5
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the longus capitis?

A

O: transverse process C3-C6
I: occipital bone

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6
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the scalenus?

A

O: C2-C7
I: 1st and 2nd ribs

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7
Q

Which muscles are involved in cervical extension?

A

Splenius, erector spinae, semispinalis

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8
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the splenius?

A 
Splenius cervicis:- 
O: spinous processes T3-T6
I: transverse processes C1-C3
Splenius capitis:-
O: lower 1/2 of ligament nuchae + spinous processes C7-T4
I: mastoid process + occipital bone
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9
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the erector spinae?

A

O: iliac crest + sacrum + pelvis
I: occipital bone

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10
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the semispinalis?

A

O: C4-T10
I: occipital bone + spinous processes C2-T4

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11
Q

Which muscles are involved in cervical rotation?

A

Sternocleidomastoid (contralateral), scalenus (contralateral), splenius (contralateral)

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12
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

O: manubrium of sternum + anterior superior of medial clavicle
I: mastoid process

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the scalenus?

A

O: C2-C7
I: 1st and 2nd ribs

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14
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the splenius?

A 
Splenius cervicis:- 
O: spinous processes T3-T6
I: transverse processes C1-C3
Splenius capitis:-
O: lower 1/2 of ligament nuchae + spinous processes C7-T4
I: mastoid process + occipital bone
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15
Q

Which muscles are involved in cervical lateral flexion?

A

Sternocleidomastoid (ipsilateral),scalenus (ipsilateral), splenius (ipsilateral)

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16
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

O: manubrium of sternum + anterior superior of medial clavicle
I: mastoid process

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17
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the scalenus?

A

O: C2-C7
I: 1st and 2nd ribs

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18
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the splenius?

A 
Splenius cervicis:- 
O: spinous processes T3-T6
I: transverse processes C1-C3
Splenius capitis:-
O: lower 1/2 of ligament nuchae + spinous processes C7-T4
I: mastoid process + occipital bone
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19
Q

Which movements does the thoracolumbar spine allow?

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A

Flexion, extension; left and right lumbar flexion; left and right lumbar rotation

20
Q

Which muscles are involved in lumbar flexion?

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A

Rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique

21
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the rectus abdominis?

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A

O: anterior pubic crest
I: cartilage of 5th-7th ribs + xiphoid process

22
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the external oblique?

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A

O: borders of lower ribs
I: iliac crest + pubic crest + fascia of rectus abdominis

23
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the internal oblique?

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A

O: inguinal lig + iliac crest + lumbar fascia
I: inferior borders of false ribs + linea alba

24
Q

Which muscles are involved in lumbar extension?

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A

Erector spinae, multifidus, quadratus lumborum

25
What is the origin and insertion of the erector spinae?
O: iliac crest + sacrum + pelvis I: occipital bone
26
What is the origin and insertion of the multifidus?
O: sacrum + posterior iliac spine + vertebrae C4 to lower lumbar I: spinous processes of vertebrae which are 2-4 segments above
27
What is the origin and insertion of the quadratus lumborum?
O: posterior iliac crest I: 12th rib + transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
28
Which muscles are involved in lumbar lateral flexion?
Erector spinae (ipsilateral), quadratus lumborum (ipsilateral), rectus abdominis (ipsilateral), external oblique (ipsilateral), internal oblique (ipsilateral)
29
What is the origin and insertion of the erector spinae?
O: iliac crest + sacrum + pelvis I: occipital bone
30
What is the origin and insertion of the quadratus lumborum?
O: posterior iliac crest I: 12th rib + transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
31
What is the origin and insertion of the rectus abdominis?
O: anterior pubic crest I: cartilage of 5th-7th ribs + xiphoid process
32
What is the origin and insertion of the external oblique?
O: borders of lower ribs I: iliac crest + pubic crest + fascia of rectus abdominis
33
What is the origin and insertion of the internal oblique?
O: inguinal lig + iliac crest + lumbar fascia I: inferior borders of false ribs + linea alba
34
Which muscles are involved in lumbar rotation?
Erector spinae (ipsilateral), external oblique (contralateral), internal oblique (ipsilateral)
35
What is the origin and insertion of the erector spinae?
O: iliac crest + sacrum + pelvis I: occipital bone
36
What is the origin and insertion of the semispinalis?
O: C4-T10 I: occipital bone + spinous processes C2-T4
37
What is the origin and insertion of the external oblique?
O: borders of lower ribs I: iliac crest + pubic crest + fascia of rectus abdominis
38
What is the origin and insertion of the internal oblique?
O: inguinal lig + iliac crest + lumbar fascia I: inferior borders of false ribs + linea alba
39
What are the three layers of the erector spinae?
Lateral layer = iliocostalis Middle layer = longissimus Medial layer = spinalis
40
What is the function of the transversus abdominis?
Support spine + abdominal wall Aid forced expiration Raises intra-abdominal pressure
41
What is the origin and insertion of the transversus abdominis?
O: iliac crest + lower 6 ribs + lumbar fascia I: crest of pubic + iliopectineal line + linea alba
42
How many pairs or ribs are there (split into true, false and floating)?
12 pairs total: 7 true; 5 false (of which 2 are floating)
43
What distinguishes true, false and floating ribs?
True are attached directly to sternum via a unique costal cartilage, false are attached indirectly to sternum, and false have ends which are free or vertebral
44
What does the fascia of the abdomen do?
Provides attachment for abdominal muscles as there are no/few bones; only ABOVE umbilicis
45
What is the linea alba?
The vertical line of the fascia of the abdomen

Anatomy Year 1 (21 decks)

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