MP - Fungi

Question 1

Yeast [CHARACTERISTICS]

Answer 1

Unicellular

Question 2

Tube-like strands [CHARACTERISTICS]

Answer 2

Hypha/Hyphae

Question 3

Aggregate of hyphae

Answer 3

Mycelium

Question 4

Hardened mass of mycelium that generally serves as an overwintering stage

Answer 4

Sclerotium

Question 5

Mycelial cords, rhizomorphs and fruit bodies (mushrooms) [CHARACTERISTICS]

Answer 5

Multicellular

Question 6

Feed on dead tissues or organic waste (decomposers) [CHEMOHETEROTROPHS]

Answer 6

Saprophytes/Saprobes

Question 7

Mutually beneficial relationship between a fungus and another organism [CHEMOHETEROTROPHS]

Answer 7

Symbionts

Question 8

Feeding on living tissue of a host [CHEMOHETEROTROPHS]

Answer 8

Parasites

Question 9

Cell wall

Answer 9

Chitin

Question 10

Food storage of fungi

Answer 10

Lipids and Glycogen

Question 11

Fungi are Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes?

Answer 11

Eukaryotes

Question 12

All fungi require _ and _

Answer 12

Water and Oxygen

Question 13

Fungi can grow in where?

Answer 13

Almost any habitat imaginable

Question 14

Number of described species is somewhere between

Answer 14

69,000 - 100,000 (1.5M species total)

Question 15

Fungi usually grow in an environment with a pH of _, which is too acidic for most common bacteria

Answer 15

pH = 5

Question 16

Almost all molds are _

Answer 16

Aerobic

Question 17

Most yeasts are _

Answer 17

Facultative anaerobes

Question 18

Most fungi are more resistant to _ than bacteria, most can therefore grow in relatively high sugar or salt concentration

Answer 18

Osmotic pressure

Question 19

Appearance of a colony in fungi

Answer 19

• whitish, gray with fuzzy edges
• usually turn into a different color from center outwards

Question 20

An area of yeast cell that bulges out to form new cells. Nucleus divides by mitosis

Answer 20

Buds

Question 21

Specialized cells that can function as resting or dispersal propagules. Maybe asexual or sexual.

Answer 21

Spores

Question 22

Purpose of fungi’s spores

Answer 22

• Allows the fungus to move to new food source
• Resistant stage
• Means of introducing new genetic combinations into a population

Question 23

[TYPE OF SPORES]
Formed by the fragmentation of a separate hypha into single, slightly thickened cells. Produced by Coccidiodes immitis

Answer 23

Arthrospores/Arthroconidia

Question 24

[TYPE OF SPORES]
Thick walled spore formed by rounding and enlargement within a hyphal segment. Produces by candida albicans

Answer 24

Chlamydoconidia

Question 25

[TYPE OF SPORES] Formed within a sporangium or sac at the end of an aerial hypha called sporangiophore. Sporangium can contain hundreds of _. Produced by Rhizopus

Answer 25

Sporangiospore

Question 26

[TYPE OF SPORES] Unicellular or multicellular spore not enclosed in a sac. Produced by Aspergillus and penicillium spp.

Answer 26

Conidiospores/Conidia

Question 27

[TYPE OF SPORES] Consists of buds coming off the parent cell. Found in Candida albicans and Cryptococcus

Answer 27

Blastospores/Blastoconidia

Question 28

[CLASSIFICATIONS OF FUNGI] The bread molds

Answer 28

Phylum Zygomycota

Question 29

Black bread mold

Answer 29

Rhizopus

Question 30

[CLASSIFICATIONS OF FUNGI] The sac fungi. (Yeasts, morels, truffles)

Answer 30

Phylum Ascomycota

Question 31

[CLASSIFICATIONS OF FUNGI] The club fungi (Mushrooms, puffballs, bracket fungi, rusts, smuts, toadstools)

Answer 31

Phylum Basidiomycota

Question 32

[CLASSIFICATIONS OF FUNGI] The fungi imperfecti

Answer 32

Phylum Deuteromycota

Question 33

Why is it called imperfecti?

Answer 33

Because they are asexual

Question 34

"Fungus roots"

Answer 34

Mycorrhizae

Question 35

Hyphae invades root cells

Answer 35

Zygomycota

Question 36

Hyphae invade root but don't penetrate cells

Answer 36

Ascomycota & Basidiomycota

Question 37

Multicellular fungi, asexual spores, important for food spoilage, food products and antibiotics

Answer 37

Molds

Question 38

Unicellular fungi, spherical/oval, found as white powdery coating on fruits and leaves, reproduces asexually by budding or fission, sexual reproduction by spores

Answer 38

Yeasts

Question 39

Combination of green algae and a fungus, no longer exist if growing alone

Answer 39

Lichens

Question 40

[TYPE OF LICHEN] Grow flush or encrusting onto the substratum

Answer 40

Crustose lichens

Question 41

[TYPE OF LICHEN] More leaflike

Answer 41

Foliose

Question 42

[TYPE OF LICHEN] Have fingerlike projections

Answer 42

Fruticose

Question 43

[DIMORPHISM] What temperature is fungi is yeast like in

Answer 43

37°C

Question 44

[DIMORPHISM] What temperature is fungi mold like

Answer 44

25°C

Question 45

[DIMORPHISM] On agar, what is fungi like?

Answer 45

Yeast like

Question 46

[DIMORPHISM] In agar, what is fungi like?

Answer 46

Mold like

Question 47

[FUNGAL DISEASES] Infections deep within the body

Answer 47

Systemic

Question 48

[FUNGAL DISEASES] Infection beneath the skin

Answer 48

Subcutaneous

Question 49

[FUNGAL DISEASES] Infect only keratin containing tissues such as the epidermis, hair and nails

Answer 49

Dermatomycoses/cutaneous

Question 50

[FUNGAL DISEASES] Localized along hair shafts and in superficial epidermal cells

Answer 50

Superficial

Question 51

[FUNGAL DISEASES] Harmless in its normal habitat but can cause pathogenesis in a host given certain circumstances.

Answer 51

Opportunistic