MS Flashcards
(107 cards)
there is an increase of MS prevalence
1. in males in the last decade
2. in northern communities
3. in children in alberta
4. in those >50yrs old in the last 10 years
2
what is the most common nontraumatic neurolgoical disability in people of working age
MS
which of the following is false about MS
1. most adults with dx say that sx started in childhood
2. it is the most common nontraumatic neurolgoical disability in people of retirement age
3. incidence is increasing in women (3;1), likely due to women entering workforce
4. the exact cause is unknown
2- of working age
3 possible mechanisms of MS
overactive immune disease resulting in
1. Breakdown of myelin and inadequate myelin repair
2. Degeneration / progression
3. B and T cell mediation
list 3 possible causes of MS
childhood obesity, less sun exposure, smoking, environment, genes, infections (EBV/ mono)
2 characteristics of MS
chronic inflammation in brain, spinal cord, optic nerves
slow degeneration, resulting in axonal loss
what is the emerging immunopath view of MS
T cells active, but B cells independent in also releasing cytokines
current immunomod tx for MS focuses on
preventing the demyelination
list 3 sx of MS
sensory, weakness, bladder and bowel, coordination, impaired vision, depression, cognition, fatigue, heat intolerance, balance/ gait, sexual dysfunction, pain, paroxysmal
what is considered a relapse of MS
=>24hrs of symptoms, a clinical event of MS inflammation
what are the 4 subtypes of MS
relapsing-remitting
2 progressive
1 progressive
progressive relapse
rank the MS subtypes from least to most common
progressive relapse
1 progressive
2 progerssive
relapsing remitting
______________disability doesn’t get worse between relapses but after each relapse it can end up worse than before
relapsing remitting
steady progression to worse disease state after relapse-remitting subtype
2 progressive
no relapses, just slow progression in MS is considered _________ subtype
1 progressive
Relapses occur, followed by full or partial recovery, but nerve damage continues and symptoms become increasingly disabling is _____________ subtype
progressive relapse
what is MS prodrome
various sx with ↑ physician encounters and rx drug use
Fatigue, pain, headache, low mood, anxiety, bladder issues, infections
what is considered radiologic isolated MS syndrome
no hx of MS sx but MRI looks like MS lesions
when radiologic isolated sx is noted, 50% of pts will have a clinical event of MS within ___yrs
50% in 10ysr
what is a clinically isolated sx of MS
1st spell of demyelintion
the natural hx of MS includes an increase in _________, __________, _________ and decreases in _______ and ______
increase in axonal damage, disability, progression
decrease in inflammation, # of relapses
the recent change to milder courses of MS is due to
Changes in diagnostic criteria, MS epidemiology, early + appropriate disease modifying therapies (DMT), improved general health in populations, tx of comorbidities (ex- HPTN, smoking, lipids, depression/anx)
later start of disease modifying therapies after MS onset, results in
increased LT disability
list 3 MS red flags
New neurologic sx (tingling, weakness, balance issues, dizziness, double vision, loss of vision)
Signs of infection
Intolerance to medication, medication SEs
