MSK

Question 1

Temporal arteritis - immediate treatment ?

Answer 1

Oral prednisolone

unless vision is affected.
then prescribe IV methylprednisolone

Question 2

Discitis - causative organism ?

Answer 2

Staph. aureus

Question 3

Sensory innervation to dorsum of foot + innervates tibialis anterior muscle. Which nerve root ?

Answer 3

L4-L5

(Deep fibular nerve - damage causes foot drop)

Question 4

Back pain which radiates to the thigh and/or calves
Walking uphill is easier

Answer 4

Spinal stenosis

Question 5

Spinal stenosis risk factors

Answer 5

Older age
Previous back surgery
Manual labour

Question 6

Knee jerk reflex is supplied by what nerve roots ?

Answer 6

L3 + L4

Question 7

What muscle is responsible for hip flexion?

Answer 7

Iliopsoas muscle

Question 8

Spinal deformity in ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 8

Thoracic kyphosis

Question 9

Azathioprine interacts with what other drug to cause bone marrow suppression ?

Answer 9

Azathioprine + Allopurinol

Question 10

Azathioprine + Allopurinol causes … ?

Answer 10

Bone marrow suppression

Question 11

Dermatomyositis rash

Answer 11

Heliotrope rash

Question 12

SLE rash

Answer 12

Malar rash

Question 13

What does a heliotrope rash look like?

Answer 13

Named after the heliotrope flower, which has purple petals.

Bilateral lilac discolouration of the eyelids (particularly the upper eyelids)

Question 14

What does a malar rash look like?

Answer 14

Butterfly-shaped rash over cheeks and nose that spares the nasolabial folds

Question 15

Osteomyelitis investigation

Answer 15

MRI

Question 16

Osteomyelitis causative organism

Answer 16

Staph. aureus

Question 17

Rule-out test for SLE

Answer 17

ANA

Question 18

Anti-Ro and Anti-La antibodies =

Answer 18

Sjogren’s syndrome

Question 19

Anti-Jo-1 antibody =

Answer 19

Dermatomyositis/Polymyositis

Question 20

Skin changes in dermatomyositis

Answer 20

Heliotrope rash
Gottron’s papules (pathognomonic)

Question 21

Causes of avascular necrosis

Answer 21

Long-term steroid use
Chemotherapy
Alcohol excess
Trauma

Question 22

Ankylosing spondylitis - findings on plain radiography

Answer 22

Syndesmophytes - bony growths originating from inside a spinal ligament or of the annulus fibrosus.

Question 23

autosomal dominant pathogenic variant in the FBN1 (fibrillin) gene = what condition ?

Answer 23

Marfan’s syndrome

Question 24

Sensory loss of posterolateral aspect of leg and lateral aspect of foot, weakness in plantar flexion of foot, reduced ankle reflex, positive sciatic nerve stretch test.
Which nerve root?

Answer 24

S1

Question 25

What must be corrected before prescribing bisphosphonates for osteoporosis?

Answer 25

Vitamin D deficiency/Hypocalcaemia

Question 26

How often is methotrexate taken?

Answer 26

Weekly

Question 27

HLA-B27 is positive in what % of ankylosing spondylitis patients?

Answer 27

90%

Question 28

Most specific antibody for SLE?

Answer 28

Anti-dsDNA

Question 29

Following an injury: 1. Respiratory problems 2. Neurological problems 3. Petechial rash (tends to occur after the first 2 symptoms)

Answer 29

Fat embolism

Question 30

Reactive arthritis - first line management

Answer 30

NSAIDs

Question 31

Patients who are allergic to aspirin may also react to ... ?

Answer 31

Sulfasalazine

Question 32

If NSAIDs are contraindicated e.g. peptic ulcer , what painkillers should be prescribed for gout?

Answer 32

Colchicine

Question 33

Which drugs are associated with atypical stress fractures?

Answer 33

Bisphosphonates

Question 34

Buerger's disease - main risk factor

Answer 34

Very heavy smoking (very rare)

Question 35

CREST - what does it stand for?

Answer 35

Calcinosis Raynaud's phenomenon Esophageal dysmotility Sclerodactyly Telangiectasia

Question 36

Ottawa Rules are for?

Answer 36

Ankle fractures

Question 37

Garden classification is for?

Answer 37

Neck of femur fractures

Question 38

Salter-Harris is for?

Answer 38

Growth plate fractures in children