MSK

Question 1

classic signs of hip fracture?

Answer 1

shortened and externally rotated leg

Question 2

Dynamic hip screw
weight bearing status post op

Answer 2

immediate post op weight bearing

Question 3

knee pain

> twisting injury
knee gives way

Answer 3

meniscal tear
pain worse on straightening the knee

Question 4

ACL stops the ____ from sliding ____?

Answer 4

anterior cruciate ligament stops the tibia from sliding forward

Question 5

1st line for IX ACL tears

Answer 5

MRI scan

> RICE

Question 6

osgood schlatter disease

Answer 6

growth of tibial tuberosity
pain in anterior aspect pf knee

pain exarcebated with physical activity

Question 7

dynamic hip screw or intramedullary nail?

Answer 7

inter trochanteric fractures prefer DHS

Question 8

pain analgesia in NOF

Answer 8

iliofascial nerve block

Question 9

radiculopathy follows?

Answer 9

dermatomal distribution

C8

Question 10

achilles tendonitis mx?

Answer 10

rest, NSAIDS

> 7 days

refer to physio

Question 11

Lumbar spinal stenosis?

Answer 11

central canal narrowed by tumour/ disc prolapse / similar degenerative changes

positional element ; better on sitting

Question 12

Simmonds triad

Answer 12

palpation of tendon

examine angle of decline at rest

calf squeeze

Question 13

suspected osteoporotic vertebral fracture 1st line investigation

Answer 13

xray spine

Question 14

common complication of colles fracture resulting in weakness of index finger flexion?

Answer 14

median nerve injury

Question 15

radial nerve injury affects?

Answer 15

extension of digits

Question 16

all proximal pole fractures require?

Answer 16

surgical screw fixation

Question 17

scaphoid fractures

when is urgent surgical fixation required?

Answer 17

displaced S frcatures

proximal scaphoid pole fractures

Question 18

undisplaced scaphoid fractures?

Answer 18

cast 6-8 weeks

Question 19

initial management of suspected / confirmed scaphoid fracture?

Answer 19

immobilsation with a futuro splint

refer to ortho with further imaging 7-10 days later

Question 20

how to manage ankle fractures?

Answer 20

urgent closed reduction

Question 21

ottawa ankle rules?

Answer 21

xrays only needed

1- pain in malleolar
2- tender over distal tibia
3- Bone tenderness over distal fibula

Question 22

osteomyelitis investigation?

Answer 22

MRI of affected area

> swelling
infection
fever

Question 23

when does surgery precede xray for ankle fracture?

Answer 23

evidence of neurovascular compromise

> parasthesia
reduced sensation
prolonged capillary refill

Question 24

bouchards nodes are?

Answer 24

bony enlargements of PIP joint

Question 25

scaphoid fracture signs?

Answer 25

maximal tenderness over the anatomical snuffbox pain elicited on telescoping of the tumb pain on ulnar deviation

Question 26

Red flags for lower back pain?

Answer 26

<20, >50 history of previous malignancy night pain history of trauma systemically unwell

Question 27

most common mechanism for ankle sprain?

Answer 27

inversion of the foot

Question 28

s1 nerve root compression

Answer 28

sensory loss lateral aspect of foot weakness in plantar flexion reduced ankle reflex + sciatic nerve stretch test

Question 29

initial improvement of cellulitis with antibiotics but persistent discharge and tenderness suggests?

Answer 29

abscess formation > surgical drainage

Question 30

what back pain requires specialist review?

Answer 30

thoracic > lumbar > neck

Question 31

colles fracture?

Answer 31

dorsally displaced distal radius dinner fork deform

Question 32

sickle cell and osteomyelitis?

Answer 32

non typhi salmonella

Question 33

prolapsed disc features?

Answer 33

leg pain worse on back > worse when sitting

Question 34

Mx of prolapse disc?

Answer 34

analgesia physiotherapy exercises >6 weeks then refer for MRI

Question 35

de quervains tenosynovitis?

Answer 35

inflammation of the tendon on lateral aspect of the wrist and thumb

Question 36

finkelsteins test?

Answer 36

de quervains tenosynovitis pull thumb of the patient in ulnar deviation and flexion of thumb

Question 37

most common reason THR is revised?

Answer 37

aseptic loosening

Question 38

scaphoid fracture most common neurovascular structure to be involved?

Answer 38

dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery

Question 39

L3 nerve compression?

Answer 39

sensory loss over anterior thigh weak quadriceps reduced knee reflex

Question 40

Weber A fractures management?

Answer 40

minimally displaced stable may weight bear / CAM boot

Question 41

patella fractures direct injury?

Answer 41

undisplaced crack / comminuted fracture intact extensor mechanism

Question 42

which patella fractures can be managed non op?

Answer 42

undisplaced vertical (transverse) intact extensory mechanism

Question 43

iliotibial band syndrome?

Answer 43

knee pain in runners lateral knee pain

Question 44

L4 nerve root compression

Answer 44

sensory loss anterior aspect of the knee medial malleolus weak knee extesnion hip adduction reduced knee reflex

Question 45

nerve most likely to get injured in knee arthroplasty?

Answer 45

common peroneal nerve

Question 46

Osteosarcoma

Answer 46

mesenchymal tissue bone bone destruction ensure pt seen by specialist in 48 hours

Question 47

rib fracture management?

Answer 47

conservative appropriate analgesia > NSAIDs >Opioids >intercostal nerve blocks

Question 48

what is cubital tunnel syndrome?

Answer 48

compression of the ulnar nerv and can present with tingling/numbness of 4th/5th finger

Question 49

Baker's cyst?

Answer 49

asymptomatic fluctuant swelling behind the knee > popliteal cyst

Question 50

what is a popliteal cyst?

Answer 50

distension of the gastrocnemius-semimembranous bursa

Question 51

biceps tendon rupture

Answer 51

2 tendons long > glenoid short > coracoid process

Question 52

popeye deformity?

Answer 52

rupture of the proximal tendon causes this muslce > bulge in the arm

Question 53

anterior shoulder dislocation?

Answer 53

external rotation and abduction of the upper limb

Question 54

what is the phalens test?

Answer 54

carpal tunnel syndrome reverse prayer sign 30-60 s

Question 55

what are oslers nodes what can cause it?

Answer 55

tender purple/red raised lesions with a pale centre endocarditis >immune complex deposition > SLE >gonorrhoea > typhoid

Question 56

what is the triad of fat embolism?

Answer 56

respiratory neurological petechial rash

Question 57

rotator cuff injuries

Answer 57

subacromial impingment calcific tendonitis cuff tear arthropathy