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Final Year - Passmed > Neuro 5 > Flashcards

Neuro 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

MG anesthetic drugs which are less successful?

A

suxamethonium

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2
Q

Rocuronium

A

neuromuscular blocking drugs

non depolarising
ppl w MG will be more sensitive to this drug

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3
Q

what is the treatment of choice for an essential tremor?

A

propranolol

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4
Q

skin on palmar aspect of thumb nerve innervation?

A

median

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5
Q

ulnar nerve provide sensation to?

A

medial aspect of the palm

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6
Q

is sodium valproate an inducer of p450?

A

No it is an inhibitor

Sodium valproate causes inhibition of the P450 system

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7
Q

sodium valproate s/e

A

A - Appetite increase –> weight gain
L - Liver failure
P - Pancreatitis
R - Reversible hair loss (alopecia)
O - Oedema
A - Ataxia
T - Teratogenic, tremor, thrombocytopaenia
E - Enzyme inducer (p450), encephalopathy (due to high ammonia)

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8
Q

MND is associated with which dementia?

A

frontotemporal dementia

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9
Q

partial strokes

A

2/3 criteria

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10
Q

complete / total anterior circulation stroke?

A

middle and anterior cerebral arteries

hemiparesis / hemisensory loss

homonymous hemianopia

higher cognitive dysfunction

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11
Q

what is the difference between multiple system atrophy and normal pressure hydrocephalus ?

A

MSA is parkinson plus condition
tremor/rigidity and bradykinesia

NPH
> gait
>urinary incontinence
>confusion

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12
Q

which abx class increases risk of Intracranial hypertension

A

lymecycline

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13
Q

drugs which increase risk of Intracranila htn?

A

COMAAR

ciclosporin
ocp
mineralocorticoids

amiodarone
antibiotics
> tetracyclines
> sulphonamides

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14
Q

colles fracture which nerve?

A

The median nerve may be injured in a Colle’s fracture

distal radius > outstretched hand

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15
Q

raised ICP mx?

A

head elevation 30 degrees

diuretic use > mannitol > osmotic diuretic

controlled hyperventilation

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16
Q

why is metoclopramide contraindicated in patients with parkinsons?

A

dopamine antagonist
crosses BBB

> worsene extrapyramidal side effects of PD

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17
Q

Domperidone

A

blocks dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone

does not cross BBB

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18
Q

anti emetics contraindicated in PD?

A

metoclopramide
haloperidol
prochlorperazine

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19
Q

which Parkinson drug is associated with pulmonary fibrosis?

A

cabergoline

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20
Q

Myasthenia gravis
exarcebating drugs?
why?

A

beta blockers
> not sure / look up

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21
Q

Painful third nerve palsy

where would lesion / occlusion be?

A

posterior communicating artery

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21
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome
sensory loss where?

motor function where?

A

median nerve
lateral 3.5 digits

flexor muscles of the forearm

flexion, abduction, opposition, and extension of the thumb.

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21
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome

what nerve
what sign?

Study These Flashcards
A

ulnar nerve pathology

froments test
adductor pollicis muscle
> ulnar neuropathy

22
Q

what is in pabrinex?

Study These Flashcards
A

IV b/c

includes b12

replace thiamine

23
C8/T1 radiculopathy
similar to ulnar nerve neuropathy but forearm is impacted
23
What can happen if you give folate before b12?
worsen b12 deficiency > subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord
24
what is wernickes triad?
confusion ataxia opthalmoplegia
24
Ix signs from wernickes encephalopathy?
decreased red cell transketolase MRI
25
Acute seizure management?
ABC approach ensure airway and o2 give benzodiazepines
25
Rectal Diazepam dose? adult
10-20mg
26
focal seizure first line?
lamotrigine / levetiracetam
26
focal seizures involve?
inappropriate electrical activity on one side of the brain
26
post suspected TIA mx? investigations
aspirin 300mg unless contraindicated assessed urgently <24hours diffusion MRI urgent carotid doppler imaging
27
post suspected TIA mx? medical
antiplatelet therapy DAPT > clopidogrel 300mg > aspirin 300mg 75mg for 21 days PPI considered
27
long term secondary prevention TIA?
clopidogrel
28
how is carotid imaging conducted?
carotid duplex USS CT angiography / MR angiography
28
webers syndrome is characterised by? ipsilateral ? contralateral?
midbrain stroke ipsilateral CN 3 contralateral hemiparesis
28
sarcoidosis facial nerve palsy
lethargy bilateral CN 7 palsy bilateral parotid gland enlargement
28
shagreen patch
tuberous sclerosis rough skin over lumbar spine
28
Homocystinuria
methionine metabolism
28
when would you not be appropriate for DAPT?
if previous GI bleed risk monothrerpay and ppi
28
Clopidogrel moa
inhibits platelet aggregation reduces risk of clot formation
29
sumatriptan MOA
5-HT1 receptor agonist constriction of blood vessels in the brain > relieve headache
29
radial nerve supplies what muscle group?
extensor muscle group
29
interossei are supplied
ulnar nerve
30
what is jacksonian movement?
clonic movement moving proximally > frontal
31
which antiepileptic can cause peripheral neuropathy as a side effect?
phenytoin
32
main s/e of soidum valproate
GI tremor weight gain hair loss
33
levetiracetam main s/e
mood swings aggression
34
most common bleeding site in extradural haemorrhage
middle meningeal artery > pterion: weakest part of the cranium
35
uncal herniation causes?
oculamotor nerve palsy dilated and fixed pupil
36
to count as localising how high should the movement be?
upto clavicle
37
in GBS there is decreased ______ nerve conduction velocity
decreased motor nerve conduction velocity secondary to demyelination
38
carotid endartectomy should be done on side?
contralateral to the symptoms
39
miller fischer syndrome?
subtype of GBS areflexia opthalomoplegia ataxia
40

Final Year - Passmed (47 decks)

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