msk

Question 1

what is a classic physical exam finding of a patient with a femoral neck fracture

Answer 1

fractured leg shorten and externally rotated

Question 2

define the three grades of sprain’s. strain, what is the treatment

Question 3

extensor mechanism injury
- quad tendon rupture
- petellar tendon rupture

what PE finding would you see

Answer 3

PE - not able to do straight leg raise

Question 4

what is considered a pathologic fracture?

Answer 4

fx through an abnormal/weak bone
*dt cyst, cancer, osteoporosis

Question 5

what abx tx is indicared for an open fracture?

Answer 5

1st gen cephalosporin (cefazolin) aka ancef

if high-grade open fracture – add aminoglycoside (gentamycin)

farm related injury – penicillin

surgical washout, tetnas

Question 6

colles vs smith

Question 7

in a colles fracture (distal radius fracture) what nerve injury should you think about?

Answer 7

median nerve injury

Question 8

what is a boxer’s fracture?
what should be added if “fight bite” is seen?

Answer 8

fx of the 4th or 5th metacarpal neck

cover for oral flora to ppx for tenosynovitis – Amoxi-clauve (augmentin)

Question 9

**scaphoid fracture
** PE finding, complication you worry about, tx for non-displaced vs displaced?

Question 10

pt with snuffbox tenderness and you are worried about scaphoid tenderness. X-ray is negative, what are next steps?

Answer 10

place in thumb spica, see ortho/pcp 7-10 days, repeat film in 10-14 days

MRI if high suspicion

Question 11

nightstick fx

Question 12

galeazzi vs monteggia fx

Question 13

radial head fracture

Question 14

what is “sail sign” on x-ray

Answer 14

Posterior fat pad –> elbow effusion = HIGH suspiscion for fx

add picuture

Question 15

hip fractures - compare intertrochanteric vs femoral neck fx

Question 16

lisfranc injury

Answer 16

buzzword: plantar ecchymosis

Question 17

jones fracture and why is it so problematic?

Question 18

what is the MC salter-harris fx

Answer 18

type 2

Question 19

child has tenderness at growth plate, x-ray neg

Answer 19

salter-harris type 1 –> fx thru the growth plate

Question 20

*** dislocations

Question 21

compartment syndrome

Question 22

septic arthritis

Question 23

MCC septic arthritis

Answer 23

S. aureus

sexually active - N. gonnorrhea

Question 24

osteomyelitis - MCC and MC for pts with sickle cell

Answer 24

MCC - S. aureus

sickle cell - Salmonella

Question 25

osteomyelitis

Question 26

key features of benign bone neoplasms

Answer 26

slow growing, well-demarcated, intact corticies, no soft tissue mass

Question 27

compare/contrast benign bone neoplasms

Question 28

osteochondroma vs enchondroma

Question 29

key features of malignant bone neoplasms

Answer 29

large, expansile lesions with rapd growth aggressive appearing with cortical disruption , ill definied border +/- systemic sx: fatigue, night sweats, fevers, weight loss

Question 30

what is the most common malignancy of the bone?

Answer 30

| BLT with Kosher Pickle

Question 31

osteosarcoma

Question 32

Ewing's sarcoma

Question 33

chondrosarcoma

Question 34

multiple myeloma

Answer 34

| MC primaru malignancy of bone

Question 35

avascular necrosis

Question 36

barlow vs ortaloni manuevers

Question 37

Paget disease of the bone

Question 38

Thoracic outlet

Question 39

what are red flags of back pain?

Answer 39

- fever - IVDU (epidural abscess

Question 40

what is spondylosis

Question 41

radiculopathy vs myelopathy

Question 42

spinal stenosis

Question 43

herniated nucleus pulopsus

Question 44

what is the most common location for a herniated disk

Answer 44

L5-S1

Question 45

cauda equina syndrome

Question 46

hangmans fracture vs whiplash injury

Question 47

C-spine trauma --> what criteria is used to clear c-spine trauma

Question 48

compression vs burst fracture

Question 49

scoliosis - what is the cobb angle

Question 50

kyphosis vs lordosis

Question 51

spondylolysis vs spondylolisthesis

Question 52

ankylosing spondylitis - who gets, it, sx, associations, tx

Question 53

torticollis

Question 54

gout - presentation, who gets it, s/sx

Question 55

what would you expect to see on fluid aspiration in gout flare? any lab findings you would look for?

Question 56

acute vs long term terapy for gout

Question 57

gout vs pseudogout

Question 58

who gets rheumatoid arthritis? what s/sx do they present with?

Question 59

what lab markers are seen in rheumatoid arthritis

Question 60

Rheumatoid arthritis treatment?

Question 61

Osteoarthritis - who gets it, s/sx they present with?

Question 62

key XR findings of OA

Question 63

OA tx

Question 64

What is reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome)

Question 65

Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis (juvenile idiopathic arthritis) - who gets it, what s/sx do they present with, labs, tx

Answer 65

| "can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree"

Question 66

psoriatic arthritis - sx, PE, dx, findings

Question 67

fibromyalgia

Question 68

osteoporosis

Question 69

Dexa scan: T score of what indicates ostopenia? osteoporosis

Question 70

tx of osteoporosis

Question 71

SLE - sx, lab findings

Question 72

SLE tx

Question 73

Scleroderma - sx, labs/antibodies associated

Question 74

what is CREST syndrome

Question 75

sjogren syndrome - sx, labs/ antibodies associated, tx

Question 76

polymyositis - who gets it, sx, dx, tx

Question 77

polymyalgia rheumatica - who gets it, sx, labs, tx

Question 78

what is polymyalgia rheumatic associated with?

Answer 78

giant cell temporal arteritis

Question 79

what is polyarteritis nodosa

Question 80

mixed connective tissue dz - wht antibodies is needed for dx?