MSK 2-Additional

Question 1

While all lumbar plexus nerves (except for ilioinguinal nerve) pass beneath the inguinal ligament, this nerve passes through ______ canal.

Answer 1

Obturator nerve

Question 2

What anterior thigh muscle group passes anterior to hip joint?

Answer 2

Hip flexors

Question 3

What anterior thigh muscle group passes anterior to knee joint?

Answer 3

Knee extensors

Question 4

Fracture of the neck of femur occurs above/below lesser trochanter?

Answer 4

above

Question 5

Fracture of the neck of femur causes what characteristic appearance of the affected limb?

Answer 5

laterally rotated and shortened thigh and leg (due to ilopsoas pulling superiorly and laterally rotating)

Question 6

The heads of quadriceps femoris insert into quadriceps tendons which become patellar tendons. Patellar tendons eventually insert into

Answer 6

tibial tuberosity

Question 7

Which medial thigh muscle is innervated by sciatic nerve?

Answer 7

Hamstring portion of adductor magnus

Question 8

What opening is in between adductor portion and hamstring portion of adductor magnus?

Answer 8

adductor hiatus

Question 9

Which thigh muscle (can both flex and adduct hip) is innervated by both femoral and obturator nerves?

Answer 9

pectineus

Question 10

What passes beneath the inguinal ligament (from lateral to medial)?

Answer 10

Femoral nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymphatics (node of cloquet)

Question 11

After femoral artery and femoral vein pass through adductor hiatus they enter

Answer 11

popliteal fossa

Question 12

When femoral artery and vein enter popliteal fossa, they become

Answer 12

popliteal artery and popliteal vein

Question 13

Deep femoral artery is aka

Answer 13

profunda femoral artery

Question 14

Burning pain and paresthesia (tingling) to the outer thigh caused by impingement of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer 14

Meralgia

Question 15

Lunate surface is covered with

Answer 15

hyaline cartilage

Question 16

Three ligaments that strengthen the articular capsule at the hip joint are oriented in spiral fashion to become

Answer 16

tight in extension

Question 17

Head of femur is covered with

Answer 17

hyaline cartilage

Question 18

A small denuded region on the head of femur that serves as an attachment site for the ligament of the head

Answer 18

fovea

Question 19

Part of femur that is commonly fractured

Answer 19

neck

Question 20

Distal aspect of femur has

Answer 20

lateral and medial condyles

Question 21

Distal tubercle of femur above medial condyle; attachment site for hamstring portion of adductor magnus

Answer 21

adductor tubercle of femur

Question 22

Rough prominent ridges located along the posterior shaft of femur

Answer 22

linea aspera

Question 23

A broad, rough tuberosity for attachment of the gluteus maximus

Answer 23

gluteal tuberosity

Question 24

A region between the femoral condyles where cruciate ligaments attach

Answer 24

intercondylar fossa

Question 25

Retinacular arteries are aka

Answer 25

Femoral neck vessels

Question 26

The function of gluteus medius/minimus is to stabilize the opposite pelvis during ambulation (Walking). In Trendelenburg test, what indicates the weak side of hip abductors?

Answer 26

The stance leg side is the weak hip abductors if the opposite swinging side pelvis sags.

Question 27

Which hamstring muscle is the most commonly injured hamstring muscle that can is pulled/torn and cause hematomas

Answer 27

Biceps femoris

Question 28

What arteries are ruptured during pulled hamstring injury causing hematomas?

Answer 28

perforating arteries (vascularize hamstring muscles)

Question 29

What is the characteristic of Posterior Hip Dislocations (PHD)?

Answer 29

shortened, adducted, flexed, and medially (internally) rotated affected lower limb

Question 30

What structures pass through greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscles?

Answer 30

Superior gluteal nerve and vessels

Question 31

What structures pass through greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis muscles?

Answer 31

Inferior gluteal nerve and vessels Sciatic nerve Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve pudendal nerve & internal pudendal vessels

Question 32

Common fibular nerve is aka.

Answer 32

peroneal nerve

Question 33

Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) is aka

Answer 33

fibular collateral ligament

Question 34

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) is aka

Answer 34

tibial collateral ligament

Question 35

Muscle that separates the Lateral Meniscus and the Lateral collateral Ligament

Answer 35

Popliteus muscle (knee flexor; unlocks the knee)

Question 36

Achilles tendon inserts into

Answer 36

calcaneal tuberosity

Question 37

Superficial posterior leg compartment muscles are innervated by

Answer 37

S1 & S2 of tibial nerve

Question 38

Anterior tibial artery pierces through what structure to vascularize anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 38

interosseous membrane

Question 39

Lateral leg compartment muscles are innervated by

Answer 39

L5 & S1 of superficial fibular nerve

Question 40

Extensor digitorum longus which extends the digits (toes) insert into

Answer 40

extensor expansion on toes

Question 41

What anterior leg compartment muscles is a dorsiflexor but also everts the foot?

Answer 41

fibularis tertius (innervated by deep fibular nerve)

Question 42

Anterior leg compartment muscles are innervated by

Answer 42

L4 & L5 of deep fibular nerve

Question 43

Diminished pulses can often indicate _______ in more proximal vessels

Answer 43

occlusive vascular disease

Question 44

Patients suffering from years of _________ often have diminished pedal pulses due to vascular disease

Answer 44

diabetes

Question 45

What are the 5 Ps that indicate compartment syndrome?

Answer 45

1. Pallor (pale and cool skin) 2. Paresthesia 3. Pulselessness (dorsalis pedis) 4. Paralysis 5. Pain (out of proportion)

Question 46

Drop foot results in a characteristic

Answer 46

steppage gait (with slap sound)

Question 47

The joint between talus and calcaneus

Answer 47

subtalar joint

Question 48

The subtalar joint is aka

Answer 48

talocalcaneal joint

Question 49

The joint between calcaneus and cuboid

Answer 49

calcaneocuboid joint

Question 50

Flexor Hallucis Longus passes beneath what two structures before entering tarsal tunnel?

Answer 50

1. posterior tubercle of talus | 2. sustentaculum tali of calcaneus

Question 51

Which metatarsal has sesamoid bones beneath the head part of metatarsal?

Answer 51

1st metatarsal (big toe)

Question 52

Which metatarsal phalangeal joint is the common location of acute gouty arthritis?

Answer 52

1st metatarsal phalangeal joint

Question 53

Gout occurs due to the accumulation of urate crystals in a joint. In addition to food, what medication can increase uric acid levels and can precipitate acute gouty arthritis attack?

Answer 53

thiazide diuretics

Question 54

What is the treatment for gout?

Answer 54

NSAIDs steroids, colchicine

Question 55

In what layer of plantar muscles does the neurovasculature that pass through tarsal tunnel enter the foot?

Answer 55

2nd layer (with the FDL and FHL tendons)

Question 56

What muscle groups insert into extensor expansion of digits (toes)?

Answer 56

1. extensor digitorum longus (anterior compartment) | 2. Plantar and dorsal interossei muscles

Question 57

Dermatomes for L3-S1

Answer 57

L3: Medial knee L4: Big Toe L5: Middle Toes S1: Little Toe