MSK Orthotics (1)

Question 1

purpose of a brace/orthosis

Answer 1

assist motion

restrict motion

correct motion

provide feedback

Question 2

assist motion –> purpose

Answer 2

w/ use of elastic straps or spring

Question 3

restrict motion –> purpose

Answer 3

with use of stops or hinges

Question 4

correct motion –> purpose

Answer 4

with long duration stretch

Question 5

provide feedback –> purpose

Answer 5

afferent input from cutaneous receptors may lead to improved position sense

Question 6

3 categories of knee bracing

Answer 6

prophylactic

rehabilitative

fxnal

Question 7

prophylactic –> categories

Answer 7

designed to prevent or reduce the severity of a knee injury

Question 8

rehabilitative –> categories

Answer 8

designed to allow protected motion of the injured knee treated surgically or non-surgically

Question 9

fxnal –> categories

Answer 9

designed to provide stability to the unstable knee

Question 10

hinge design for knee braces/orthoses

Answer 10

single

polycentric

multi-axis cam action

Question 11

polycentric hinge

Answer 11

“fource point” hinge

Question 12

fource point hinge

Answer 12

knee extension constraint hinge brace

potential training tool to assist athletes in increasing knee flexion angle during landing tasks

Question 13

hinge technology of fource point hinge

Answer 13

patented

leaf spring mechanism provides 5 levels of resistance during extension

Question 14

patented –> fource point hinge

Answer 14

designed to keep the knee out of “at risk” position

Question 15

what does the fource point hinge apply

Answer 15

resistance during knee extension

resistance engages in last 25 degrees of extension

Question 16

athletes <25 years who return to sport

Answer 16

have a secondary ACL injury rate of 23%

30-40x greater risk

Question 17

decrease in anterior shear force on the tibia

Answer 17

should reduce the load on the ACL

Question 18

risk factors for ACL injury may be minimized by

Answer 18

training through increased flexion angle during jump landing

Question 19

wearing a FP consistently

Answer 19

increased the knee flexion angle

Question 20

how much did the knee flexion angle increase while wearing a Donjoy FP hinged brace

Answer 20

8-10 degrees

Question 21

brace prescription is based on

Answer 21

7 factors

Question 22

7 factors of base prescription

Answer 22

goal of brace

activities for brace usage

pt’s build and varus and valgus alignment

pt’s ability to don and doff the brace

cosmesis of brace

materials used and weight of brace

cost

Question 23

goals of brace

Answer 23

prophylactic

rehabilitation

fxnal

Question 24

goal of prophylactic knee braces

Answer 24

eliminated or decreases the severity and incidence of injuries to the knee

resulting from both contact and non-contact stresses

Question 25

characteristics of an ideal prophylactic brace

Answer 25

supplement the resistance of the knee to injury doesnt interfere w/ knee fxn doesnt increase overall risk in other joints adaptable to various anatomical configurations not hazardous to others durable and cost effective efficient in preventing injuries

Question 26

goal of rehabilitative braces

Answer 26

provides controlled motion to allow tissue healing

Question 27

characteristics of ideal rehabilitative brace

Answer 27

provide adequate control of motion avoid excessive loads on healing tissue allow locking hinge if needed adjustable to variable leg sizes and shapes, adapt for edema and atrophy easily donned and doffed durable and economical comfortable

Question 28

uses of rehabilitative braces

Answer 28

function

Question 29

function of rehabilitative braces

Answer 29

to provide protection against accidental loading ligament injury/reconstruction quad rupture/patellar tendon rupture patalla femoral realignment

Question 30

goal of fxnal knee braces

Answer 30

assists or provides fxnal stability of the knee

Question 31

characteristics of an ideal fxnal knee brace

Answer 31

support the joint w/o restricting fxn be adjustable for changes in thigh girth be able to withstand demand of activity

Question 32

types of fxnal knee braces

Answer 32

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell stock or custom

Question 33

stock or custom are dependent on--> types of fxnal

Answer 33

size and shape of leg demand of activity cost

Question 34

examples of fxnal knee braces (least to most restrictive)

Answer 34

sleeve medial and lateral hinge hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

Question 35

fxn of a sleeve

Answer 35

compression retention of body heat protect and provide proprioception

Question 36

uses of a sleeve

Answer 36

arthritic knee tendinitis

Question 37

materal

Answer 37

typically either elastic or neoprene

Question 38

medial and lateral hinge fxn

Answer 38

controls valgus/varus and extension (hyper)

Question 39

uses of medial and lateral hinge

Answer 39

medial or lateral instability

Question 40

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell fxn

Answer 40

attempts to control medial/lateral, ant/post and IR/ER

Question 41

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell has...

Answer 41

6 degrees of freedom

Question 42

6 degrees of freedom --> hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

Answer 42

sagittal plane frontal plane transverse plane

Question 43

sagittal plane --> hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

Answer 43

anterior translation of tibia and hyperextension

Question 44

frontal plane --> hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

Answer 44

medial and lateral

Question 45

transverse plane --> hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

Answer 45

controls ER of tibia with extension of knee

Question 46

uses of hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

Answer 46

ACL or PCL with rotary instability

Question 47

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell term

Answer 47

"de rotation"

Question 48

breakdown/transition braces are

Answer 48

designed to be used during both stages of rehabilitation and fxnal

Question 49

breakdown/transition braces examples

Answer 49

patella braces "unloading" OA braces

Question 50

patella braces goals

Answer 50

to improve tracking or prevent subluxation/dislocation of patella

Question 51

types of patella braces

Answer 51

donut horseshoe dynamic buttress extension stop w/ buttress strap "counterforce" McConnel strapping

Question 52

goal of unloading OA braces

Answer 52

to decrease knee compartment forces caused by OA

Question 53

indications of unloading OA braces

Answer 53

isolated unicompartmental OA (M/L)