MTAP Flashcards by Dead Braincells

What is the dilution of the CSF specimen should it appear clear upon reception in the lab?

Undiluted

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Indirect test for the presence of excess ammonia in the
CSF

Glutamine

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Which of the following is/are the cause/s of oligoclonal bands in the csf but not in serum?
i. Multiple sclerosis
ii. Lymphoma
iii. HIV
iv. Guillain- barre syndrome

I and iv

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Which of the following findings is consistent with a subarachnoid hemorrhage rather than a traumatic tap?

Xanthochromia

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In peritoneal injuries, at what RBC value is indicative of blunt trauma injuries?

> 100,000/ml

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Which of the following are recommended in testing for tubercular peritonitis?

Acid-fast stain and adenosine deaminase

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Anticoagulant for peritoneal fluid submitted for chemistry test

Heparin

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Requested when a ruptured bladder or accidental puncture of the bladder during the paracentesis is of concern

Bun and Creatinine

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Recommended for differentiating exudates and transudates of hepatic origin

SAAG

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Normal volume of gastric fluid

20 to 50 ml

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Gastric tube inserted through the nose

Levine tube

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Basal acid output of a person with pernicious anemia

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In which condition is the highest level of serum gastrin usually seen?

Z-E syndrome

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Normal appearance of gastric fluid

Pale gray slightly mucoid

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Which crystal causes “pseudogout”?

Calcium pyrophosphate

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What type of cell is a ragocyte?

A PMN with inclusions formed by immune
complexes

LE cell - Neutrophil containing characteristic ingested “round body”
Reiter cell - Macrophage with ingested neutrophils
Ragocyte - Neutrophil with dark cytoplasmic granules containing immune complexes
Cartilage - Large, multinucleated cells
Rice bodies - Macroscopic ally resembles polished rice, Microscopically show collagen and fibrin
Fat droplets - Refractile intracellular and extracellular globukes, Stain with Sudan dyes

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All of the following may be used as diluting fluid for WBC counting in synovial fluid except:

Acetic acid

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Synovial fluid clarity if there is presence of crystals

Milky

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Pretreatment for very viscous synovial fluid

0.05% hyaluronidase

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Which of the following semen analysis results is abnormal?

Volume 1.0 mL

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Motility grading of 2.0b

Slow forward progression noticeable lateral
movement

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Using a 1:20 dilution, an average of 20 sperm counted in the five RBC counting squares on both sides of the hemocytometer. What is the total sperm count in a specimen with a volume of 5mL?

100,000,000 sperm/ejaculate

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In semen analysis, a viscosity grading of 0 means:

Watery

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Which morphological abnormality of sperm is most often associated with varicocele?

Tapering of the head

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This is a test performed primarily on a peritoneal lavage fluid

RBC count

Subtract 1 CCC for every __ RBC seen in the CSF

700

Limulus lysate test detects

Gram-negative endotoxin

Detection of which tumor marker in the peritoneal fluid indicates ovarian carcinoma

CA-125

Cultures of peritoneal fluid are incubated

Anaerobically

Given the following results, classify this peritoneal fluid: Serum albumin: 3.2 g/dl Serum protein: 6.0 g/dl Fluid albumin: 1.6 g/dl (Subtract serum albumin and fluid albumin, a difference (gradient) of 1.1 or greater suggests a transudate effusion of hepatic origin, and lower gradients are associated with exudative effusions)

Transudate

Production of serous fluid is controlled by; a.) capillary osmotic pressure, b.) capillary hydrostatic pressure, c.) capillary conductivity

All of these

Debris or pieces of pigmented cartilage in the synovial fluid that resembles grounded pepper

Ochronotic shards

Confirms the type of birefringence

Polarizing microscope

A significant cell found in pericardial or pleural fluid that should be referred to cytology is a:

Mesothelioma cell

Normal synovial fluid glucose should be ___ than the blood value

< 10 mg/dl lower

An additional test performed on pleural fluid to classify the fluid as a transudate or exudate is the

Fluid to serum protein gradient

A differential observation of pleural fluid associated with tuberculosis is:

Decreased mesothelial cells

All of the following are characteristics of malignant cells except

Absence of the nucleolus

Negative or weakly positive for Sudan III staining

Pseudochylous effusion

Length of the tail

45 um

Test for spermine

Barbiero’s test

Earliest form of sperm

Spermatogonium

Semenalysis after vasectomy shall be done __ to ensure complete absence of sperm

After 2 months and continued until 2 consecutive months shows no sperm

Computer-assisted semen analysis provides objective determination of

Sperm trajectory or velocity

Produces intrinsic factor

Parietal cells

Which of the following conditions is most often associated with normal CSF glucose and protein?

Viral meningitis

Which organism is the most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis in neonates?

Group B streptococcus

Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with an exudative effusion?

Malignancy TRANSUDATES - due to disruption of balance in hydrostatic and oncotic pressures 1. CHF 2. Nephrotic Syndrome 3. Fluid: Serum protein ratio <0.5 4. Fluid: Serum LD ratio <0.6 EXUDATES - due to conditions directly affecting the cavities. 1. Infections 2. Malignancies 3. Fluid: Serum protein ratio >0.5 4. Fluid: Serum LD ratio >0.6

The term effusion refers to:

An increased volume of serous fluid (between membranes (parietal and visceral))

Which of the following crystals is the cause of gout?

Uric Acid (MSU)

Synovial fluid clarity if there is presence of crystals

Milky (turbidity is frequently associated with the presence of WBCs, however, synovial cell debris and fibrin also produce turbidity. The fluid may appear milky when crystals are present)

Tumor marker for lung cancer and breast cancer

CYFRA 21-1 (CYtokeratin FRAgment: lung cancer and breast cancer, urinary bladder cancer) (CEA: colon cancer) (CA125: ovarian/ metastatic uterine cancer) (CA15-3: breast cancer)

How to differentiate hemothorax and hemorrhagic exudate?

Run a hematocrit on the pleural fluid

At what pH level of pleural fluid is highly indicative of esophageal rupture?

< 6.0

Single best test to differentiate chylous effusion from pseudochylous effusion

Triglycerides

Normal appearance of pleural fluid

Clear pale yellow

Color of living sperm cells on Eosin Nigrosin stain

Bluish-white/ unstained

Most common cause of male infertility?

Varicocele

Normal value of semen volume

2-5 mL

A long, thin hexagonal plate, and is linked to ingestion of large amounts of benzoic acid is closely associated to which type of crystal

Hippuric acid

Which of the following disorders frequently occurs following a bacterial infection of the skin or throat?

Acute glomerulonephritis

Which of the following conditions is associated with the greatest proteinuria?

Nephrotic syndrome

A negative blood test and an increase in urine urobilinogen is correlated with:

extravascular hemolytic anemia

Constant production of urine with a specific gravity of 1.008 to 1.010 is likely associated with

Renal Tubular Failure

Which of the following crystals is considered nonpathological?

Ammonium Biurate

The average renal plasma flow is

600ml/min

Which of the following substances may inhibit the reaction of glucose oxidase aside from ascorbate?

Acetoacetic Acid

What is the major component of whewellite and weddellite kidney stones?

Calcium Oxalate

Which of the following tests is a specific measure of glomerular filtration?

Cystatin C

Which of the following statements regarding WBCs in urinary sediment is true?

WBC casts indicate that pyuria is of renal, rather than lower urinary, origin

Which of the following statements about renal diseases is true?

Glomerular renal diseases are usually immune mediated

Chronic renal failure usually presents which type of cast?

Waxy Cast

Positive result for Guthrie test

Growth of bacteria

Primary inorganic component of urine

Chloride

Which of the following reagents is used to detect urobilinogen in urine?

p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde

The fluid leaving the glomerulus has a specific gravity of:

1.010

Many particulates, print is blurred

Cloudy

>200 ug/min

Clinical albuminuria

Which of the following may cause black or brown pigment in urine?

Homogentisic acid

It attaches to amorphous urates when the urine is refrigerated

Uroerythrin

Which of the following best describes the tests for microalbuminuria?

testing may detect early renal involvement in diabetes mellitus

Primary organic component of urine

Urea

If a patient fails to discard the first specimen when collecting a timed specimen the:

specimen must be recollected and is falsely elevated

In a refractometer, in every 3 deg C above calibration temperature, one should:

none of the choices (it does not require any temperature adjustment)? OR Subtract 0.001? PS: actually di alam sagot nyan yan sabe nila eh sorisori hehe palakasan na lang ng kutob ^_^

Which of the following ketone/s is/are not being detected by the conventional reagent strip test for ketones?

B-hydroxybutyric acid

Which of the following utilizes a bacteria inhibition test as a screening test

Phenylketonuria

Orange diaper syndrome

Lesch-Nyhan disease

CTAB test is a screening for

Mucopolysaccharides

Disruption of electrical charges that produce the tightly fitting podocyte barrier resulting in massive loss of proteins and lipids

Nephrotic syndrome

How much urine sediment shall be used for microscopic examination?

0.02

Sweaty feet odor of the urine

Isovaleric acidemia and glutaric acidemia

Yellow-brown/ colorless elongated prisms in the urine: I. By-products of benzoate and toluene II. Are soluble in H2O and ether III. Hippuric acid and crystals IV. Are abnormal crystals

I, II, III

Expected result of the boiling point should there be an additional 1 mole of solute in the solution?

Raised by 0.52 C

True about urothelium: I. Syncytia is seen in catheterization II. Centrally located nucleus III. Derived from the linings of the lower portion of the urethra IV. Eccentrically located nucleus

I and II only

Which of the following statement correctly describes formalin: I. Interferes with leukocyte esterase, protein, and glucose. II. Reducing agents III. Interferes with hormonal analysis IV. Excellent sediment preservative

II and IV

Which of the following is actively reabsorbed in the ascending loop of Henle?

Chloride

Reported in Rare, Few, Moderate, Many per HPF: I. Trichomonas II. RBCs III. RTE IV. Transitional E.C. V. Normal Crystals

I, IV, V

Given the following data, compute for the creatinine clearance: Urine creatinine= 110 mg/dL Plasma creatinine= 1 mg/dL Urine volume in 24 hrs= 1500mL Patient of average body surface area.

115 mL/min

Which of the following chemical/s can be used for the exact calibration of a refractometer? I. Glucose II. Distilled water III. 9% sucrose IV. 5% NaCl

II, III, IV

Urine Urobilinogen of Bile duct obstruction

Normal

MTAP Flashcards

(100 cards)