MTAP (Dehydration- Impregnation)

Question 1

Removes fixatives and water from the tissue and replaces them with a dehydrating fluid.

Answer 1

Dehydration

Question 2

Dehydrating fluids are generally used in?

Answer 2

increasing strengths

Question 3

List the common alcohol dehydrating agents

Answer 3

• Alcohol
• Ethanol
• Methyl Alcohol
• Butyl Alcohol
• Denatured Alcohol
• Isopropyl Alcohol

Question 4

Most commnon dehydrating agent

Answer 4

Alcohols

Question 5

Best dehydrating agent

Answer 5

Ethanol

Question 6

Dehydrating agent used for blood and tissue films

Answer 6

Methyl Alcohol

Question 7

Dehydrating agent used in plant and animal microtechniques

Answer 7

Butyl Alcohol

Question 8

Denatured Alcohol is a product of?

Answer 8

Ethanol + minute amount of methanol

Question 9

Used as both fixative & dehydrating agent

Answer 9

Acetone

Question 10

A very expensive dehydrating agent and is monitored by the government

Answer 10

Acetone

Question 11

Used as both a dehydrating & clearing agent

Answer 11

Dioxane and Tetrahydrofuran (THF)

Question 12

The process of replacing the dehydrating fluid with a substance miscible with both the dehydrating and impregnating medium.

Answer 12

Dealcoholization

Question 13

Most Common Clearing Agent

Answer 13

Xylene

Question 14

Colorless clearing agent. Used as a clearing agent during tissue processing and as a dewaxing agent during staining

Answer 14

Xylene

Question 15

Clearing time of Xylene

Answer 15

½ to 1 hour

Question 16

A clearing agent that is better at preserving tissue structure than xylene

Answer 16

Toluene

Question 17

A clearing agent that is more tolerant of small amounts of water left in tissues

Answer 17

Toluene

Question 18

A clearing agent that is more expensive and more toxic than xylene

Answer 18

Toluene

Question 19

A clearing agent that is slower in action than xylene. Causes less brittleness

Answer 19

Chloroform

Question 20

What are the clearing agents that are used in specialized tissue processing

Answer 20

Methyl Benzoate & Methyl Salicylate

Question 21

A clearing agent that clears both paraffin and celloidin sections during the embedding process

Answer 21

Cedarwood Oil

Question 22

A clearing agent that penetrates and clears tissues rapidly

Answer 22

Benzene

Question 22

A clearing agent that causes minimum shrinkage of tissues

Answer 22

Clove Oil

Question 22

Process of replacing the clearing agent with the infiltrating medium

Answer 22

Impregnation

Question 22

Process of replacing the dehydrating fluid with miscible with BOTH the dehydrating and impregnating medium

Answer 22

Clearing

Question 22

A clearing agent that is **NOT** normally used as a routine clearing agent

Answer 22

Aniline Oil

Question 22

A clearing agent that is used as **natural alternatives** in tissue processing

Answer 22

Citrus Fruit Oils

Question 22

A clearing agent that is recommended for clearing embryos, insects, and delicate specimens and can clear **70% alcohol**

Answer 22

Aniline Oil

Question 22

Simplest, most common, and the **BEST** infiltrating medium

Answer 22

Paraffin Wax

Question 22

Also known as Infiltration

Answer 22

Impregnation

Question 22

Four Types of Tissue Impregnation

Answer 22

1. Paraffin Wax 2. Gelatin 3. Plastics 4. Celloidin

Question 23

Impregnation ratio

Answer 23

25:1

Question 23

Who introduced Paraffin Wax?

Answer 23

Butschi

Question 23

A type of tissue impregnation that is a purified form of nitrocellulose and soluble in many solvents

Answer 23

Celloidin

Question 23

This has better resolution compared to Paraffin wax

Answer 23

Pellet

Question 23

Temperature of paraffin wax should be around _________ and ________ above the melting point

Answer 23

55-60C; 2-5C above the MP

Question 23

Plastics is classified based on chemical composition into?

Answer 23

◆ Epoxy ◆ Polyester ◆ Acrylic

Question 23

**NOT** recommended for fatty tissue

Answer 23

Paraffin Wax

Question 23

A type of tissue impregnation that is used in histochemical and enzyme studies

Answer 23

Gelatin

Question 23

Plastics provide high-resolution light microscopy for thinner tissue sections less than?

Answer 23

less than 4-6 µm

Question 23

A type of tissue impregnation that prevents fragmentation of tough and friable tissues. Also used for delicate specimens and frozen tissue sections

Answer 23

Gelatin

Question 23

A type of tissue impregnation that is **rarely used** except when dehydration is to be avoided

Answer 23

Gelatin

Question 24

A type of tissue impregnation that is used for ***undecalcified bone***.

Answer 24

Plastics

Question 25

Celloidin is suitable for?

Answer 25

- Specimens with large hollow cavities (e.g., eyes and brain) - Mixed-consistency tissues