Multi-store Model

Question 1

Who invented MSM?

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shiffrin

Question 2

What are the 3 stores?

Answer 2

Sensory register, STM and LTM

Question 3

Outline the order of the MSM?

Answer 3

Sensory memory -> attention -> STM -> rehearsal -> LTM
LTM -> retrieval -> STM

Question 4

What is the sensory register?

Answer 4

5 senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)

Question 5

How many pieces of information in STM?

Answer 5

7 plus or minus 2 pieces of information
Has a limited capacity

Question 6

Who was the researcher for limited capacity in STM?

Answer 6

Miller

Question 7

STM duration?

Answer 7

Limited (20 seconds)

Question 8

Who was the researcher for STM limited duration?

Answer 8

Peterson

Question 9

LTM capacity?

Answer 9

Unlimited capacitu

Question 10

LTM duration?

Answer 10

Lifetime/ years (Bahrick)

Question 11

LTM meaning?

Answer 11

Semantic (Baddeley)

Question 12

What is coding?

Answer 12

How the memory is stored

Question 13

What does coding in the sensory register depend on?

Answer 13

The sense involved- it is modality specific

Question 14

What is iconic memory?

Answer 14

Register for visual information

Question 15

What is echoic memory?

Answer 15

Register for acoustic information

Question 16

What is capacity?

Answer 16

How much data can be held in the memory’s tore

Question 17

Does sensory register have a high capacity?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

What is duration?

Answer 18

How long a memory is held within a store

Question 19

What is the sensory registers duration?

Answer 19

250ms

Question 20

Why is the sensory registers duration so short?

Answer 20

The brain receives millions of pieces of information from the sensory registers every second
The brain would find it impossible to retain or give attention to this amount of data as it does not need to

Question 21

What is the key process connecting the sensory register to the short term memory?

Answer 21

Attention

Question 22

What happens if attention is paid to the information passing into the sensory register?

Answer 22

It can be passed onto the short term memory

Question 23

What is STM duration?

Answer 23

18 seconds unless the information is rehearsed

Question 24

What type of memory store is STM?

Answer 24

Temporary

Question 25

How can information be passed from STM to LTM?

Answer 25

It has to be rehearsed

Question 26

What is maintenance rehearsal?

Answer 26

Surface-level repetition f information e.g. repeating a phone number in your head d

Question 27

What is elaborate rehearsal?

Answer 27

Deeper processing e.g. learning lines for a play

Question 28

What is the study for STM?

Answer 28

Peterson and Peterson Miller Bahrick

Question 29

Strengths of MSM: credibility?

Answer 29

Lots of research to support MSM Glanzer and Cuntiz (1966) shows how memories are displayed from STM when they exceed its capacity which Miller shows to be 7 plus or minus 2 or “chunks”

Question 30

Strengths of MSM: case studies?

Answer 30

H.M or Clive Wearing- MSM shows their disability as a failure to rehearse information, preventing them from encoding information in LTM Patient KF’s STM was impaired following a motorcycle accident but his LTM remained intact

Question 31

MSM: Weaknesses- lab experiments?

Answer 31

Artificial environments and tasks lack mundane realism Lack ecological validity In real life, there are consequences if you forget things

Question 32

MSM: weakness- over simplification?

Answer 32

Evidence suggests there are multiple short term and long-term memory stores e.g. LTM can be split into episodic, procedural and semantic memory