Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
multiple sclerosis
Chronic inflammation
Auto immune disorder
Degeneration of Myelin in central nervous system leading to scar development
cause of MS
unknown, auto immune
Triggered by infection
Genetic predisposition
risk factors of MS
Smoking
Decreased vitamin D
Obesity
Infection – Epstein-Barr
onset
20 to 40 years old
Female
Cooler northern climates
Caucasian
Family history
patho
auto immune attack versus Myelin sheath
T lymphocytes migrate to CNS and cross blood brain barrier
Antigen antibody reaction in CNS activates and inflammation response
Axons are demyelinated and plaques/sclerosis forms
Axons destroyed
early disease
Nerve fiber, not affected
Impulses still transmitted
May notice weakness
Later disease
axons destroyed
Impulse is blocked
Permanent loss of function
disease course
Benign
Relapsing remitting
Primary progressive
Secondary progressive
Prolapse relapsing
benign
Flare, but returns to a normal baseline
relapsing remitting
80 to 90%
Long remissions with some flares
Doesn’t fully recover to normal
primary progression
Steady increase without remissions
secondary progressive
Shorter, flares, more periods without remission
Prolapse relapsing
Progressive weak baseline
s/sx MS
paresthesias in face and trunk
loss of muscle function
Fatigue
Walking difficulty
Muscle spasms
what should be monitored with MS?
cog fog – vision problems
Depression, fatigue
Pain– chronic/acute, burning, stabbing
bowel/bladder
Weakness
Muscle stiffness/spasm
Walking/balance – vertigo
